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Spatial approaches to modeling dispersion of communicable diseases : A review / L. Bian in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 1 - 17 Titre : Spatial approaches to modeling dispersion of communicable diseases : A review Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : L. Bian, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 17 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] diffusion spatiale [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] épidémie [Termes IGN] modèle de dispersion [Termes IGN] processus spatial [Termes IGN] processus temporel [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) The dispersion of communicable diseases in a population is intrinsically spatial. In the last several decades, a range of spatial approaches has been devised to model epidemiological processes; and they differ significantly from each other. A review of spatially oriented epidemiological models is necessary to assess advances in spatial approaches to modeling disease dispersion and to help identify those most appropriate for specific research goals. The most notable difference in the design of these spatially oriented models is the scale and mobility of the modeling unit. Using two criteria, this review identifies six types of spatially oriented models. These include: (1) population-based wave models, (2) sub-population models, (3) individual-based cellular automata models, (4) mobile sub-population models, (5) individual-based spatially implicit models, and (6) individual-based mobile models. Each model type is evaluated in terms of its design principles, assumptions, and intended applications. For the evaluation of design, four aspects of design principles are discussed: the modeling unit, the interaction between the modeling units, the spatial process, and the temporal process utilized in a design. Insights gained from this review can be useful for devising much-needed spatially and temporally oriented strategies to forecast, prevent, and control communicable diseases. Numéro de notice : A2013-037 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01329.x Date de publication en ligne : 23/07/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01329.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32175 [article]

Trajectories of moving objects on a network: detection of similarities, visualization of relations, and classification of trajectories / Yukio Sadahiro in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 18 - 40 Titre : Trajectories of moving objects on a network: detection of similarities, visualization of relations, and classification of trajectories Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yukio Sadahiro, Auteur ; Raymond Lay, Auteur ; T. Kobayashi, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 18 - 40 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse de groupement [Termes IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] classification dirigée [Termes IGN] graphe [Termes IGN] itinéraire [Termes IGN] mesure de similitude [Termes IGN] migration animale [Termes IGN] objet mobile [Termes IGN] relation topologique [Termes IGN] réseau de transport [Termes IGN] similitude [Termes IGN] visualisation de données Résumé : (Auteur) Development in techniques of spatial data acquisition enables us to easily record the trajectories of moving objects. Movement of human beings, animals, and birds can be captured by GPS loggers. The obtained data are analyzed by visualization, clustering, and classification to detect patterns frequently or rarely found in trajectories. To extract a wider variety of patterns in analysis, this article proposes a new method for analyzing trajectories on a network space. The method first extracts primary routes as subparts of trajectories. The topological relations among primary routes and trajectories are visualized as both a map and a graph-based diagram. They permit us to understand the spatial and topological relations among the primary routes and trajectories at both global and local scales. The graph-based diagram also permits us to classify trajectories. The representativeness of primary routes is evaluated by two numerical measures. The method is applied to the analysis of daily travel behavior of one of the authors. Technical soundness of the method is discussed as well as empirical findings. Numéro de notice : A2013-038 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01330.x Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01330.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32176 [article]

Support vector machine for spatial variation / C. Andris in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 40 - 61 Titre : Support vector machine for spatial variation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : C. Andris, Auteur ; D. Cowen, Auteur ; J. Wittenbach, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 40 - 61 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse discriminante [Termes IGN] classification barycentrique [Termes IGN] classification dirigée [Termes IGN] classification par séparateurs à vaste marge [Termes IGN] exploration de données géographiques [Termes IGN] seuillage Résumé : (Auteur) Large, multivariate geographic datasets have been used to characterize geographic space with the help of spatial data mining tools. In our study, we explore the sufficiency of the Support Vector Machine (SVM), a popular machine-learning technique for unsupervised classification and clustering, to help recognize hidden patterns in a college admissions dataset. Our college admissions dataset holds over 10,000 students applying to an undisclosed university during one undisclosed year. Students are qualified almost exclusively by their standardized test scores and school records, and a known admissions decision is rendered based on these criteria. Given that the university has a number of political, social and geographic econometric factors in its admissions decisions, we use SVM to find implicit spatial patterns that may favor students from certain geographic regions. We first explore the characteristics of the applicants in the college admissions case study. Next, we explain the SVM technique and our unique ‘threshold line’ methodology for both discrete (regional) and continuous (k-neighbors) space. We then analyze the results of the regional and k-neighbor tests in order to respond to the methodological and geographic research questions. Numéro de notice : A2013-039 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01354.x Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01354.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32177 [article]

Measuring dynamic interaction in movement data / Jed A. Long in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 62 - 77 Titre : Measuring dynamic interaction in movement data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jed A. Long, Auteur ; T. Nelson, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 62 - 77 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] données localisées dynamiques [Termes IGN] interaction spatiale [Termes IGN] objet mobile Résumé : (Auteur) The emergence of technologies capable of storing detailed records of object locations has presented scientists and researchers with a wealth of data on object movement. Yet analytical methods for investigating more advanced research questions from such detailed movement datasets remain limited in scope and sophistication. Recent advances in the study of movement data has focused on characterizing types of dynamic interactions, such as single-file motion, while little progress has been made on quantifying the degree of such interactions. In this article, we introduce a new method for measuring dynamic interactions (termed DI) between pairs of moving objects. Simulated movement datasets are used to compare DI with an existing correlation statistic. Two applied examples, team sports and wildlife, are used to further demonstrate the value of the DI approach. The DI method is advantageous in that it measures interaction in both movement direction (termed azimuth) and displacement. Also, the DI approach can be applied at local, interval, episodal, and global levels of analysis. However the DI method is limited to situations where movements of two objects are recorded at simultaneous points in time. In conclusion, DI quantifies the level of dynamic interaction between two moving objects, allowing for more thorough investigation of processes affecting interactive moving objects. Numéro de notice : A2013-040 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01353.x Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01353.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32178 [article]

A GIS-based vehicle mobility estimator for operational contexts / A. Homann in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 78 - 95 Titre : A GIS-based vehicle mobility estimator for operational contexts Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Homann, Auteur ; G. Grandjean, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 78 - 95 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] données localisées [Termes IGN] estimateur [Termes IGN] interface logicielle [Termes IGN] itinéraire [Termes IGN] mobilité humaine [Termes IGN] navigation automobile [Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques) [Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) A vehicle mobility estimator has been developed to produce decision aid maps for projecting civil or military forces on operational theatres. Based on the exploitation of classical geographical sources (e.g. digital elevation models, optical images, and vector databases) and thematic sources (e.g. climate, meteorological, pedological and land cover databases), the system computes speed maps for different kinds of vehicles moving both on-road and off-road. Such computations are realized through a ground-vehicle interaction module that estimates the vehicle performance from experimental results, numerical simulations and empirical relationships. The system's architecture is built using a GIS interface that manages the data, the computation and the presentation layers. An operational version of this tool has been tested and validated on several operational theatres in France and in northern Africa. The results show good agreement between the predicted mobility performance of various vehicles and those observed on the field. A case study is presented to illustrate the mobility maps and demonstrate their relevance in the decision-making chain depending on different climate contexts. A short application to itinerary optimization is presented as a promising future application. Numéro de notice : A2013-041 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01351.x Date de publication en ligne : 03/02/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01351.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32179 [article]

Comparison of different strategies for determining raster-based least-cost paths with a minimum amount of distortion / H. Antikainen in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 96 - 108 Titre : Comparison of different strategies for determining raster-based least-cost paths with a minimum amount of distortion Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : H. Antikainen, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 96 - 108 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] arbre quadratique [Termes IGN] chemin le moins coûteux, algorithme du [Termes IGN] données maillées [Termes IGN] noeud [Termes IGN] théorie des graphes Résumé : (Auteur) The conventional raster-based least-cost path technique, in which the connectivity graph is constructed by treating each raster cell as a node and linking each node to its adjacent neighbors, has been widely used to determine optimum paths in space. Unfortunately, paths calculated with this method are subject to distortions that stem from the imposed node-link structure. Due to the distortions, the calculated paths may be longer than the true optimum paths in continuous space, and because of this, they may also look highly unrealistic when displayed on a map. This study examines how the quality of the raster-based paths can be improved by using larger connectivity patterns on the one hand, and placing nodes on the sides of the cells of a raster instead of at their centers, on the other. In addition, the utility of the quadtree structure is examined. The different methods are evaluated against three different datasets using the cost distance of the calculated paths and processing times as evaluation criteria. The results indicate that raster-based paths can be improved by using the evaluated techniques, although the degree of improvement is also dependent on the properties of the underlying cost raster. Numéro de notice : A2013-042 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01355.x Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01355.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32180 [article]

Transaction-based intelligent transportation system (TBITS) using stochastic user utility model / J. Olusina in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 109 - 123 Titre : Transaction-based intelligent transportation system (TBITS) using stochastic user utility model Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J. Olusina, Auteur ; J. Olaleye, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 109 - 123 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] Lagos [Termes IGN] modèle stochastique [Termes IGN] réseau de transport [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] trafic urbain [Termes IGN] transport Résumé : (Auteur) The problem of transportation management has many variables but its solution must be guided by societal needs based on expected benefits and ways of achieving them. Thus transport management can be immensely enhanced and simplified by the use of a geospatial information system. Lagos, the commercial center of Nigeria, has been suffering from traffic congestion for decades. The loss suffered as a result of this congestion cannot be easily quantified economically and socially. This article presents empirical solutions to transportation problems in the Lagos Metropolis using the “Bottom–Top” approach, from “Transaction-Based” at local government level to “Multimodal” at the metropolitan level. The Stochastic User Utility Model was adopted to estimate the appropriate representation of human heterogeneity, flexibility and variability on mode choice relative to route travel times. The use of Assisted GPS Cameras provides some level of intelligence on the transportation routes. Results obtained include a travel demand survey (household-based) within a Traffic Zone and Sampled Trip Production/Trip Attraction Analysis based on Modes of Transportation. Geospatial Analysis carried out included Proposed Multimodal Transportation Routes with Transfer Points (TPs) and Incident Facility Management analysis. The synergy of Multimodal and Intelligent Transportation System (MITS) to obtain an integrated Multimodal Transaction-Based Intelligent Transportation System (MTBITS) will enhance efficient transportation systems for the Lagos Metropolis. Numéro de notice : A2013-043 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01358.x Date de publication en ligne : 26/12/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01358.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32181 [article]

#Earthquake: Twitter as a distributed sensor system / Andrew Crooks in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 17 n° 1 (February 2013) . - pp 124 - 147 Titre : #Earthquake: Twitter as a distributed sensor system Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Andrew Crooks, Auteur ; Arie Croitoru, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 124 - 147 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] acquisition de données [Termes IGN] capteur non-imageur [Termes IGN] contenu généré par les utilisateurs [Termes IGN] diffusion de l'information [Termes IGN] épicentre [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] production participative [Termes IGN] séisme [Termes IGN] surveillance géologique [Termes IGN] Twitter Résumé : (Auteur) Social media feeds are rapidly emerging as a novel avenue for the contribution and dissemination of information that is often geographic. Their content often includes references to events occurring at, or affecting specific locations. Within this article, we analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of the twitter feed activity responding to a 5.8 magnitude earthquake which occurred on the East Coast of the United States (US) on August 23, 2011. We argue that these feeds represent a hybrid form of a sensor system that allows for the identification and localization of the impact area of the event. By contrasting this with comparable content collected through the dedicated crowdsourcing ‘Did You Feel It?’ (DYFI) website of the U.S. Geological Survey we assess the potential of the use of harvested social media content for event monitoring. The experiments support the notion that people act as sensors to give us comparable results in a timely manner, and can complement other sources of data to enhance our situational awareness and improve our understanding and response to such events. Numéro de notice : A2013-044 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01359.x Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2012 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9671.2012.01359.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32182 [article]