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The utility of terrestrial photogrammetry for assessment of tree volume and taper in boreal mixedwood forests / Christopher Mulverhill in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - pp 76 - 83 Titre : The utility of terrestrial photogrammetry for assessment of tree volume and taper in boreal mixedwood forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christopher Mulverhill, Auteur ; Nicholas C. Coops, Auteur ; Piotr Tompalski, Auteur ; Christopher W. Bater, Auteur ; Adam R. Dick, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 76 - 83 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique [Termes IGN] Abies balsamea [Termes IGN] Alberta (Canada) [Termes IGN] allométrie [Termes IGN] betula papyrifera var. papyrifera [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes IGN] données dendrométriques [Termes IGN] forêt boréale [Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes IGN] image terrestre [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes IGN] photogrammétrie terrestre [Termes IGN] Picea glauca [Termes IGN] Picea mariana [Termes IGN] Pinus contorta [Termes IGN] Populus tremuloides [Termes IGN] semis de points [Termes IGN] volume en bois Résumé : (auteur) Key Message: This study showed that digital terrestrial photogrammetry is able to produce accurate estimates of stem volume and diameter across a range of species and tree sizes that showed strong correspondence when compared with traditional inventory techniques. This paper demonstrates the utility of the technology for characterizing trees in complex habitats such as boreal mixedwood forests. Context: Accurate knowledge of tree stem taper and volume are key components of forest inventories to manage and study forest resources. Recent developments have seen the increasing use of ground-based point clouds, including from digital terrestrial photogrammetry (DTP), to provide accurate estimates of these key forest attributes. Aims: In this study, we evaluated the utility of DTP based on a small set of photos (12 per tree) for estimating stem volume and taper on a set of 15 trees from 6 different species (Populus tremuloides, Picea glauca, Pinus contorta latifolia, Betula papyrifera, Picea mariana, Abies balsamea) in a boreal mixedwood forest in Alberta, Canada. Methods: We constructed accurate photogrammetric point clouds and derived taper and volume from three point cloud–based methods, which were then compared with estimates from conventional, field-based measurements. All methods were evaluated for their accuracy based on field-measured taper and volume of felled trees. Results: Of the methods tested, we found that the point cloud–derived diameters in a taper curve matching approach performed the best at estimating diameters at the lowest parts of the stem ( 50% of total height). Using the field-measured DBH and height as inputs to calculate stem volume yielded the most accurate predictions; however, these were not significantly different from the best point cloud-based estimates. Conclusion: The methodology confirmed that using a small set of photographs provided accurate estimates of individual tree DBH, taper, and volume across a range of species and size gradients (10.8–40.4 cm DBH). Numéro de notice : A2019-303 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0852-9 date de publication en ligne : 08/08/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0852-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93226 [article]

The relationship between climate and the intra-annual oxygen isotope patterns from pine trees: a case study along an elevation gradient on Corsica, France / Sonja Szymczak in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - 14 p Titre : The relationship between climate and the intra-annual oxygen isotope patterns from pine trees: a case study along an elevation gradient on Corsica, France Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sonja Szymczak, Auteur ; Achim Bräuning, Auteur ; Martin Häusser, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 14 p Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Corse [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] dendrologie [Termes IGN] gradient d'altitude [Termes IGN] humidité du sol [Termes IGN] isotope [Termes IGN] oxygène (O²) [Termes IGN] Pinus nigra corsicana [Termes IGN] Pinus pinaster [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Intra-annual oxygen isotope patterns of tree-ring cellulose from Pinus nigra subsp. laricio and Pinus pinaster along an elevation gradient can be divided into four distinct patterns ((1) high values in the beginning of the tree ring, declining trend afterwards; (2) low values in the beginning, increasing trend afterwards; (3) high values in the middle of the tree ring; (4) declining trend over the whole tree ring). These patterns reflect the dependency on local site conditions and different water sources. Context: Intra-annual oxygen isotope chronologies from tree-ring cellulose can serve as a proxy for past climate conditions at inter- or even intra-seasonal resolution. Aims: We explore the potential of these chronologies from pine trees (Pinus nigra J.F. Arn subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire var Corsicana Hyl. and Pinus pinaster Aiton) growing on the Mediterranean island of Corsica, France, along an elevation gradient ranging from sea level to 1600 m asl. Methods: We developed high-resolution intra-annual oxygen isotope chronologies from tree-ring cellulose of eight trees from five sites along the elevation gradient. The analysis period covers the decade 2007–2016 for seven trees and the period 1987–2016 for one tree, respectively. Results: The chronologies show a high variability between trees, sites, and years. We identified four different intra-annual oxygen isotope patterns which reflect the dependency of tree growth on different water sources (precipitation during the growing season vs. deeper soil water reservoirs) and climate conditions during the growth season. Trees at coastal sites have access to groundwater, while trees growing in high elevations mostly depend on precipitation during the growth season as water source. Conclusion: The different patterns can be attributed to the use of different water sources. The intra-annual chronology covering 30 years indicates an increasing frequency of dry-warm summers after 2007. Numéro de notice : A2019-304 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0860-9 date de publication en ligne : 29/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0860-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93237 [article]

Increasing temperatures over an 18-year period shortens growing season length in a beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)-dominated forest / Quentin Hurdebise in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - 12 p. Titre : Increasing temperatures over an 18-year period shortens growing season length in a beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)-dominated forest Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Quentin Hurdebise, Auteur ; Marc Aubinet, Auteur ; Bernard Heinesch, Auteur ; Caroline Vincke, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Belgique [Termes IGN] carbone [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] phénologie [Termes IGN] production primaire brute [Termes IGN] température de l'air [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: Using long-term measurements in a mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)-dominated forest located in east Belgium, this paper showed that spring and autumn temperature increases during the last two decades led to an earlier end and a shortening of the growing season. These phenological shifts impact negatively but not significantly the forest annual net ecosystem productivity. Context: The mechanisms controlling temperate forest phenology are not fully understood nor are the impacts of climate change and the consequences for forest productivity. Aims: The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of how temperate forest phenology and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) interplay and respond to temperature and its evolution. Methods: Indicators of leaf phenology and productivity dynamics at the start and the end of the growing season, as well as combinations of these indicators (length of the growing season), were derived from a long-term (1997–2014) dataset of eddy covariance and light transmission measurements taken over a mature beech-dominated temperate forest. Results: The start and the end of the growing season were correlated to spring (and autumn, for the end) temperatures. Despite no trends in annual average temperatures being detected during the observation period, April and November temperatures significantly increased. As a result, an earlier but slower start and an earlier end, inducing a shorter length of the growing season, were observed over the studied period. The first shift positively impacts the mixed forest NEP but is mainly related to the presence of conifers in the subplot. The earlier end of the growing season, more related to beech phenology, negatively impacts the forest NEP. Overall, these two effects partially compensate each other, leading to a non-significant impact on NEP. Conclusion: Increasing temperatures over the 18-year studied period shortened the growing season length, without affecting significantly the mixed forest NEP. However, as beeches are only affected by the earlier end of the growing season, this suggests a phenologically driven beech productivity reduction in the forest. Numéro de notice : A2019-305 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0861-8 date de publication en ligne : 29/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0861-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93242 [article]

Size-density trajectories for even-aged sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands revealing similarities and differences in the mortality process / François Ningre in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) Titre : Size-density trajectories for even-aged sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands revealing similarities and differences in the mortality process Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : François Ningre, Auteur ; Jean-Marc Ottorini, Auteur ; Noël Le Goff, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] densité du bois [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Key message: We studied the size-density trajectories of pure even-aged unthinned experimental sessile oak ( Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) stands in the ranges of 994–135,555 trees per hectare initial densities, observed from the ages of 5 to 38. We compared them to unthinned beech ( Fagus sylvatica L.) stands from the same experimental area. An original piecewise polynomial function was fitted to the trajectories, giving way to various applications. For each species, the initial number of trees per hectare ( N 0 ) and the mean girth at breast height at the onset of mortality (Cg 0 ) were parameters of the trajectory model, in addition to the parameters of the maximum size-density lines. The two former parameters (Cg 0, N 0 ) were tied by a linear relationship, which allowed the prediction of trajectories for initial densities not included in the study data. For oak and beech, mortality onset occurred at a constant relative density (RDI), for all initial stand densities, respectively, 0.35 and 0.29. The comparison of the size-density trajectories of oak and beech allowed to establish that oak needs more space than beech for comparable mean girth, and then is less efficient than beech in its space requirements. Context: This paper models the size-density trajectories of pure even-aged sessile oak stands, including the early development stage. It compares the oak results with those on common beech on the same site from a previous study. Aims: A novel approach to size-density trajectories, with an original polynomial piecewise function previously used for beech stands on the same site, was satisfactorily used again as a mortality model to provide references to managers of oak forests. Material and methods: A 38-year-old oak spacing trial, re-measured from year 5 to year 38, provided the opportunity to study the size-density trajectories of unthinned stands of this species. Results: The fit of the piecewise polynomial function allowed us to estimate the parameters of the size-density trajectories of all stands, which were the initial number of trees per hectare (N0) and the mean girth at breast height at the onset of mortality (Cg0), in addition to the intercept (a) and slope (b) of the maximum size-density line. A linear relationship between Ln(N0) and Ln(Cg0) (where Ln is the Neperian logarithm) allowed us to reduce the number of parameters needed to fit the trajectories and made it possible to predict a size-density trajectory from any initial density not observed in the experimental stands. Moreover, this later line appeared to be parallel to the maximum size-density line, and new data allowed to establish that this was also the case for the beech stands on the same site. This parallelism feature translates to the onset of mortality occurring at the same relative density for stands of every initial density that is 0.35 for oak and 0.29 for beech. Conclusion: Given the parameters of the maximum size-density line, a single-parameter function family could be used to predict the size-density trajectories of oak stands. The predicted trajectories have various applications in oak silviculture and growth simulators. The oak data and new data for beech stands on the same site allowed to compare the two species and draw conclusions on similitudes and differences concerning mortality and space requirements of both species. Numéro de notice : A2019-306 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0855-6 date de publication en ligne : 17/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0855-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93243 [article]

Harmonised projections of future forest resources in Europe / Jari Vauhkonen in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - n° 79 Titre : Harmonised projections of future forest resources in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jari Vauhkonen, Auteur ; Ambros Berger, Auteur ; Thomas Gschwantner, Auteur ; Klemens Schadauer, Auteur ; Philippe Lejeune, Auteur ; Jérôme Perin, Auteur ; Radim Adolt, Auteur ; Miroslav Zeman, Auteur ; Vivian Kvist Johannsen, Auteur ; Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Auteur ; Allan Sims, Auteur ; Claire Bastick , Auteur ; François Morneau , Auteur ; Antoine Colin , Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Projets : DIABOLO / Packalen, Tuula Article en page(s) : n° 79 Note générale : bibliographie Correction de cet article https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13595-019-0872-5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biomasse [Termes IGN] bois sur pied [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] foresterie [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] politique forestière [Termes IGN] prévision [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] ressources forestières [Vedettes matières IGN] Economie forestière Résumé : (auteur) A dataset of forest resource projections in 23 European countries to 2040 has been prepared for forest-related policy analysis and decision-making. Due to applying harmonised definitions, while maintaining country-specific forestry practices, the projections should be usable from national to international levels. The dataset can be accessed at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4t880qh . The associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/8f93e0d6-b524-43bd-bdb8-621ad5ae6fa9 Numéro de notice : A2019-322 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Autre URL associée : correction de l'article Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0863-6 date de publication en ligne : 29/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0863-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93299 [article]

Quantifying intra-annual dynamics of carbon sequestration in the forming wood: a novel histologic approach / Anjy Andrianantenaina in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > Vol 76 n° 3 (September 2019) . - n° 62 Titre : Quantifying intra-annual dynamics of carbon sequestration in the forming wood: a novel histologic approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anjy Andrianantenaina, Auteur ; Cyrille B.K. Rathgeber, Auteur ; Gonzalo Péres-de-Lis, Auteur ; Henri E. Cuny , Auteur ; Julien Ruelle, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Projets : ARBRE / AgroParisTech Article en page(s) : n° 62 Note générale : bibliographie This work was supported by a grant overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as part of the “Investissements d’Avenir” program (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01, Lab of Excellence ARBRE), and by the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA Grand-Est Nancy) with a doctoral fellowship granted to the first author (CJS, “Contrat Jeune Scientifique”). Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse d'image numérique [Termes IGN] Angiosperme [Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne [Termes IGN] croissance végétale [Termes IGN] densité du bois [Termes IGN] Hesse, forêt de (Meuse) [Termes IGN] microscope électronique [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) This study presents a novel histologic approach to quantify the intra-annual dynamics of carbon sequestration in forming wood. This innovative approach, based on repeated measurements of xylem apparent density, is more direct, and more accurate than the previously published cellular-based approach. Moreover, this new approach, which was tested here on softwoods, is also applicable to hardwoods without any modification. Context : Forest ecosystems are key players of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Indeed, wood represents the principal carbon pool of terrestrial biomass, accumulated in trees through cambial activity. Aims : Here, we present a novel, simple, and fast approach to accurately estimate the intra-annual dynamics of aboveground woody biomass production based on image analysis of forming xylem sections. Methods : During the 2015 growing season, we weekly collected wood samples (microcores) containing the forming xylem on seven Norway spruces (Picea abies (L.) Karst), grown in Hesse forest (North-East France). The microcores were prepared to allow the observation of the forming tissues with an optical microscope. Xylem apparent density and radial increment were then measured directly on images of the histological sections. In order to compare our “histologic approach” with the previously published “cellular approach,” we also counted the number of tracheids in each differentiation zones, and measured the tracheid dimensions all along the last-formed tree ring. Results : The two approaches yielded comparable meaningful results, describing xylem size increase and aboveground woody biomass production as bell-shaped curves culminating in May and June respectively. However, the histologic approach provided a shorter time lag between xylem size increase and biomass production than the cellular one. Conclusion : Better quantification of the shift between stem growth in size and in biomass will require addressing the knowledge gap regarding lignin deposition kinetics. Nevertheless, our novel histologic approach is simpler and more direct than the cellular one, and may open the way to a first quantification of intra-annual dynamics of woody biomass production in angiosperms, where the cellular approach is hardly applicable. Numéro de notice : A2019-650 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-019-0846-7 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0846-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97454 [article]