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Titre : Climate change adaptation in coastal cities Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : David Major, Auteur ; Sirkku Juhola, Auteur Editeur : Helsinki University Press Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 202 p. Format : 16 x 23 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-952-369-025-7 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] développement durable
[Termes IGN] modèle météorologique
[Termes IGN] planification côtière
[Termes IGN] prospectiveRésumé : (éditeur) This guidebook presents a framework for climate adaptation planning for coastal cities, large and small, focused on the central roles of citizens, public officials, and planners. The book is designed to help all stakeholders in coastal cities understand and develop effective adaptation measures in a sustainable way. Within a framework of eight key planning steps, guidance is provided for stakeholders in the adaptation process from initial assessments of climate impacts to final planning. The work sets out general principles and methods of adaptation to climate change for many types of coastal communities. Adaptation is seen throughout the work as a process that should take into account all coastal assets, including economic, environmental, social, cultural and historical assets, with due attention to disadvantaged communities. Among the adaptation elements covered in the book are: a review of the current climate situation; climate impacts and vulnerabilities; climate models and future scenarios; physical, economic, social and other characteristics of coastal cities and towns; the range of available adaptations, including management, infrastructure, and policy adaptations; evaluation of projects and programs; and working together to develop and finance adaptations. Numerous tables are presented to help organize information and guide planning, and examples of adaptation challenges and opportunities are provided from both developed and developing coastal cities and towns. The volume is copiously illustrated, with extensive up-to-date references to provide the reader with additional sources of information. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction and overview
2- Adaptation assessment steps and the roles of citizens, public officials, and planners
3- Impacts and vulnerabilities of climate change on coastal cities
4- Using climate information global climate models and climate scenarios
5- Coastal cities and towns characteristics and challenges
6- The range of adaptations to climate change
7- Evaluation of projects and programs
8- Getting it done working together to develop and finance adaptations
9- Future prospectsNuméro de notice : 28493 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.33134/HUP-6 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.33134/HUP-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99221 Remote sensing analysis of small scale dynamic phenomena in the atmospheric boundary layer / Kostas Cheliotis (2021)
Titre : Remote sensing analysis of small scale dynamic phenomena in the atmospheric boundary layer Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Kostas Cheliotis, Auteur ; Hervé Delbarre, Auteur Editeur : Dunkerque : Université du Littoral-Côte-d'Opale Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 139 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse présentée pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l’Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Mention : Physique, Spécialité : Milieux dilués et optiques fondamentalesLangues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] analyse discriminante
[Termes IGN] analyse texturale
[Termes IGN] balayage laser
[Termes IGN] classification dirigée
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] effet atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] lidar à effet Doppler
[Termes IGN] lidar atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] météorologie
[Termes IGN] ventIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The aim of this thesis project was to study the coherent turbulent structures (convective rolls & streaks) and more generally the medium to large fluctuations in the atmospheric boundary layer using the observations recorded by a single Doppler (wind) lidar during a 2-month campaign in Paris, France. An innovative method was developed in order to classify automatically the radial wind speed patterns visible on the quasi-horizontal lidar scans, based on texture analysis parameters and supervised machine learning algorithms. A 150-case training ensemble was built using ancillary data (satellite pictures and weather observations) to ascertain the manual classification into four types: rolls, thermals, streaks and “others”. The performance of the classification process was assessed on the training ensemble using the 10-fold cross-validation method. A very satisfying 9% error was obtained for the Quadratic Discriminant Analysis algorithm, using only 5 texture analysis parameters classifiers. This process was then applied to classify the whole dataset (4577 lidar scans) and the results showed that the classified structures respected a plausible diurnal cycle and were associated with the meteorological parameters as expected by the theoretical knowledge. The size of the coherent structures in the direction transverse to the mean wind were estimated from the wind spectrums on a four-day case study. They ranged from 400 to 800 m for the cases classified as streaks, and from 1.3 to 2.0 km for the cases classified as rolls. These results pave the way for future long-term studies providing statistical insight on the frequency of occurrence of the different structure types, their physical properties, and their impact on pollutants’ concentrations. Numéro de notice : 28616 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Milieux dilués et optiques fondamentales : Côte d'Opale : France : 2021 Organisme de stage : Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l'Atmosphère DOI : sans En ligne : https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03259369/document Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99504 Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] / A. Ades in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020)
Titre : Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Ades, Auteur ; R. Adler, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Olivier Bock Année de publication : 2020 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Article en page(s) : pp S9 - S128 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] climat terrestre
[Termes IGN] cryosphère
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre
[Termes IGN] humidité de l'air
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] précipitation
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] température de l'airRésumé : (auteur) [introduction] The assessments and analyses presented in this chapter focus predominantly on the measured differences of climate and weather observables from previous conditions, years, and decades to place 2019 in context. Many of these differences have direct impacts on people, for example, their health and environment, as well as the wider biosphere, but are beyond the scope of these analyses. For the last few State of the Climate reports, an update on the number of warmer-than-average years has held no surprises, and this year is again no different. The year 2019 was among the three warmest years since records began in the mid-to-late 1800s. Only 2016, and for some datasets 2015, were warmer than 2019; all years after 2013 have been warmer than all others back to the mid-1800s. Each decade since 1980 has been successively warmer than the preceding decade, with the most recent (2010–19) being around 0.2°C warmer than the previous (2000–09). This warming of the land and ocean surface is reflected across the globe. For example, lake and permafrost temperatures have increased; glaciers have continued to lose mass, becoming thinner for the 32nd consecutive year, with the majority also becoming shorter during 2019. The period during which Northern Hemisphere (NH) lakes were covered in ice was seven days shorter than the 1981–2010 long-term average, based on in situ phenological records. There were fewer cool extremes and more warm extremes on land; regions including Europe, Japan, Pakistan, and India all experienced heat waves. More strong than moderate marine heat waves were recorded for the sixth consecutive year. And in Australia (discussed in more detail in section 7h4), moisture deficits and prolonged high temperatures led to severe impacts during late austral spring and summer, including devastating wildfires. Smoke from these wildfires was detected across large parts of the Southern Hemisphere (SH). [...] Numéro de notice : A2020-798 Affiliation des auteurs : UMR IPGP-Géod+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Date de publication en ligne : 12/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96582
in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society > vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020) . - pp S9 - S128[article]
Titre : Study and mitigation of calibration factor instabilities in a water vapor Raman lidar Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Leslie David, Auteur ; Olivier Bock Année de publication : 2017 Projets : VEGAN / Bock, Olivier Article en page(s) : pp 2745 - 2758 Note générale : bibliographie
This work was developed in the framework of project VEGA and supported by the French national program LEFE/INSU.Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] étalonnage d'instrument
[Termes IGN] fibre optique
[Termes IGN] lidar Raman
[Termes IGN] retard troposphérique
[Termes IGN] vapeur d'eauRésumé : (auteur) We have investigated calibration variations in the Rameau water vapor Raman lidar. This lidar system was developed by the Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière (IGN) together with the Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS). It aims at calibrating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements for tropospheric wet delays and sounding the water vapor variability in the lower troposphere. The Rameau system demonstrated good capacity in retrieving water vapor mixing ratio (WVMR) profiles accurately in several campaigns. However, systematic short-term and long-term variations in the lidar calibration factor pointed to persistent instabilities. A careful testing of each subsystem independently revealed that these instabilities are mainly induced by mode fluctuations in the optic fiber used to couple the telescope to the detection subsystem and by the spatial nonuniformity of the photomultiplier photocathodes. Laboratory tests that replicate and quantify these instability sources are presented. A redesign of the detection subsystem is presented, which, combined with careful alignment procedures, is shown to significantly reduce the instabilities. Outdoor measurements were performed over a period of 5 months to check the stability of the modified lidar system. The calibration changes in the detection subsystem were monitored with lidar profile measurements using a common nitrogen filter in both Raman channels. A short-term stability of 2–3 % and a long-term drift of 2–3 % per month are demonstrated. Compared to the earlier Development of Methodologies for Water Vapour Measurement (DEMEVAP) campaign, this is a 3-fold improvement in the long-term stability of the detection subsystem. The overall water vapor calibration factors were determined and monitored with capacitive humidity sensor measurements and with GPS zenith wet delay (ZWD) data. The changes in the water vapor calibration factors are shown to be fairly consistent with the changes in the nitrogen calibration factors. The nitrogen calibration results can be used to correct the overall calibration factors without the need for additional water vapor measurements to within 1 % per month. Numéro de notice : A2017-868 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LOEMI+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.5194/amt-10-2745-2017 Date de publication en ligne : 31/07/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-2745-2017 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89882
in Atmospheric measurement techniques > vol 10 n° 7 (July 2017) . - pp 2745 - 2758[article]Chiffres clés du climat France et Monde, édition 2016 / CGDD Commissariat Général au Développement Durable (2016)
Titre : Chiffres clés du climat France et Monde, édition 2016 Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : CGDD Commissariat Général au Développement Durable, Auteur ; Observatoire National sur les Effets du Réchauffement Climatique, Auteur ; Institute for climate economics, Auteur Editeur : La Défense : Commissariat Général au Développement Durable CGDD Année de publication : 2016 Collection : Repères Importance : 56 p. Format : 10 x 15 cm Note générale : Glossaire et sites utiles Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] monde (géographie politique)Index. décimale : 47.50 Atmosphère Résumé : (Editeur) Dans la continuité des années antérieures, mais avec une acuité à la hauteur de l'enjeu, l'édition 2016 des "chiffres clés du climat" s'inscrit dans le contexte de la 21ème conférence des parties sur les changements climatiques (COP 21) qui se tient à Paris du 30 novembre au 11 décembre 2015. Cette dernière version a été actualisée et enrichie par rapport à l’édition 2015. Ainsi, l’analyse sectorielle des émissions de GES a été complétée par une double page sur l’agriculture et les émissions liées à l’utilisation des terres, leur changement et la forêt (UTCF). Par ailleurs, une page portant sur la tarification carbone dans le monde a été ajoutée. Enfin, certaines pages consacrées à des données mondiales ont été dédoublées afin de rendre leur lecture plus aisée. Note de contenu : - Partie 1 : changement climatique
- Partie 2 : émissions de GES dans le monde
- Partie 3 : émissions de GES en Europe et en France
- Partie 4 : répartition sectorielle des émissions de GES en Europe et en France
- Parite 5 : politiques climatiquesNuméro de notice : 22443 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Nature : Rapport statistique En ligne : http://www.statistiques.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/fileadmin/documents/Produi [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79724 Réservation
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