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Machine learning for spatial analyses in urban areas: a scoping review / Ylenia Casali in Sustainable Cities and Society, vol 85 (October 2022)
[article]
Titre : Machine learning for spatial analyses in urban areas: a scoping review Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ylenia Casali, Auteur ; Nazli Yonca Aydin, Auteur ; Tina Comes, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 104050 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] algorithme d'apprentissage
[Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] espace urbain
[Termes IGN] littérature
[Termes IGN] source de données
[Termes IGN] urbanisme
[Termes IGN] ville durable
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) The challenges for sustainable cities to protect the environment, ensure economic growth, and maintain social justice have been widely recognized. Along with the digitization, availability of large datasets, Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are promising to revolutionize the way we analyze and plan urban areas, opening new opportunities for the sustainable city agenda. Especially urban spatial planning problems can benefit from ML approaches, leading to an increasing number of ML publications across different domains. What is missing is an overview of the most prominent domains in spatial urban ML along with a mapping of specific applied approaches. This paper aims to address this gap and guide researchers in the field of urban science and spatial data analysis to the most used methods and unexplored research gaps. We present a scoping review of ML studies that used geospatial data to analyze urban areas. Our review focuses on revealing the most prominent topics, data sources, ML methods and approaches to parameter selection. Furthermore, we determine the most prominent patterns and challenges in the use of ML. Through our analysis, we identify knowledge gaps in ML methods for spatial data science and data specifications to guide future research. Numéro de notice : A2022-765 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/URBANISME Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104050 Date de publication en ligne : 12/07/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.104050 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101786
in Sustainable Cities and Society > vol 85 (October 2022) . - n° 104050[article]Simulating multiple urban land use changes by integrating transportation accessibility and a vector-based cellular automata: a case study on city of Toronto / Xiaocong Xu in Geo-spatial Information Science, vol 25 n° 3 (October 2022)
[article]
Titre : Simulating multiple urban land use changes by integrating transportation accessibility and a vector-based cellular automata: a case study on city of Toronto Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Xiaocong Xu, Auteur ; Dachuan Zhang, Auteur ; Xiaoping Liu, Auteur ; Jinpei Ou, Auteur ; Xinxin Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] accessibilité
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] durée de trajet
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision
[Termes IGN] Toronto
[Termes IGN] transport collectifRésumé : (auteur) The accessibility provided by the transportation system plays an essential role in driving urban growth and urban functional land use changes. Conventional studies on land use simulation usually simplified the accessibility as proximities and adopted the grid-based simulation strategy, leading to the insufficiencies of characterizing spatial geometry of land parcels and simulating subtle land use changes among urban functional types. To overcome these limitations, an Accessibility-interacted Vector-based Cellular Automata (A-VCA) model was proposed for the better simulation of realistic land use change among different urban functional types. The accessibility at both local and zonal scales derived from actual travel time data was considered as a key driver of fine-scale urban land use changes and was integrated into the vector-based CA simulation process. The proposed A-VCA model was tested through the simulation of urban land use changes in the City of Toronto, Canada, during 2012–2016. A vector-based CA without considering the driving factor of accessibility (VCA) and a popular grid-based CA model (Future Land Use Simulation, FLUS) were also implemented for comparisons. The simulation results reveal that the proposed A-VCA model is capable of simulating fine-scale urban land use changes with satisfactory accuracy and good morphological feature (kappa = 0.907, figure of merit = 0.283, and cumulative producer’s accuracy = 72.83% ± 1.535%). The comparison also shows significant outperformance of the A-VCA model against the VCA and FLUS models, suggesting the effectiveness of the accessibility-interactive mechanism and vector-based simulation strategy. The proposed model provides new tools for a better simulation of fine-scale land use changes and can be used in assisting the formulation of urban and transportation planning. Numéro de notice : A2022-451 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/URBANISME Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/10095020.2022.2043730 Date de publication en ligne : 16/03/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2022.2043730 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100397
in Geo-spatial Information Science > vol 25 n° 3 (October 2022)[article]Spatial regression graph convolutional neural networks: A deep learning paradigm for spatial multivariate distributions / Di Zhu in Geoinformatica, vol 26 n° 4 (October 2022)
[article]
Titre : Spatial regression graph convolutional neural networks: A deep learning paradigm for spatial multivariate distributions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Di Zhu, Auteur ; Yu Liu, Auteur ; Xin Yao, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 645 - 676 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] analyse multivariée
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] régression
[Termes IGN] régression géographiquement pondérée
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal de graphesMots-clés libres : Geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) Résumé : (auteur) Geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) has emerged as a subfield of GIScience that uses artificial intelligence approaches and machine learning techniques for geographic knowledge discovery. The non-regularity of data structures has recently led to different variants of graph neural networks in the field of computer science, with graph convolutional neural networks being one of the most prominent that operate on non-euclidean structured data where the numbers of nodes connections vary and the nodes are unordered. These networks use graph convolution – commonly known as filters or kernels – in place of general matrix multiplication in at least one of their layers. This paper suggests spatial regression graph convolutional neural networks (SRGCNNs) as a deep learning paradigm that is capable of handling a wide range of geographical tasks where multivariate spatial data needs modeling and prediction. The feasibility of SRGCNNs lies in the feature propagation mechanisms, the spatial locality nature, and a semi-supervised training strategy. In the experiments, this paper demonstrates the operation of SRGCNNs with social media check-in data in Beijing and house price data in San Diego. The results indicate that a well-trained SRGCNN model is capable of learning from samples and performing reasonable predictions for unobserved locations. The paper also presents the effectiveness of incorporating the idea of geographically weighted regression for handling heterogeneity between locations in the model approach. Compared to conventional spatial regression approaches, SRGCNN-based models tend to generate much more accurate and stable results, especially when the sampling ratio is low. This study offers to bridge the methodological gap between graph deep learning and spatial regression analytics. The proposed idea serves as an example to illustrate how spatial analytics can be combined with state-of-the-art deep learning models, and to enlighten future research at the front of GeoAI. Numéro de notice : A2022-865 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-021-00454-x Date de publication en ligne : 02/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-021-00454-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102158
in Geoinformatica > vol 26 n° 4 (October 2022) . - pp 645 - 676[article]An exploratory assessment of the effectiveness of geomasking methods on privacy protection and analytical accuracy for individual-level geospatial data / Jue Wang in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol 49 n° 5 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : An exploratory assessment of the effectiveness of geomasking methods on privacy protection and analytical accuracy for individual-level geospatial data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jue Wang, Auteur ; Junghwan Kim, Auteur ; Mei-Po Kwan, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 385 - 406 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] confidentialité
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] géomasquage
[Termes IGN] masque géographique
[Termes IGN] partage de données localisées
[Termes IGN] protection de la vie privéeRésumé : (auteur) The widespread use of personal geospatial data raises serious geoprivacy concerns for sharing these data, which may limit the reproducibility of research findings. One widely used method for securely sharing confidential geospatial information is applying geomasking techniques before sharing. Geomasking may reduce the usability of the data. Thus, researchers need to strike a balance between privacy protection and analytical accuracy. Although many geomasking methods have been proposed, there is no systematic evaluation of these methods or guidance on which method to use and how to apply it properly. To address this gap, we evaluate eight geomasking methods with simulated geospatial data with various spatial patterns and investigate their performance on privacy protection and analytical accuracy. We propose not only a set of preliminary guidelines for applying the proper geomasking methods when using different spatial analysis methods but also an evaluation framework for assessing geomasking methods for other spatial analysis methods. The findings will help researchers to properly apply geomasking for sensitive geospatial data and thus promote data sharing and interdisciplinary collaboration while protecting personal geoprivacy. Numéro de notice : A2022-632 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2022.2056510 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2022.2056510 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101397
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > Vol 49 n° 5 (September 2022) . - pp 385 - 406[article]Assessing road accidents in spatial context via statistical and non-statistical approaches to detect road accident hotspot using GIS / Yegane Khosravi in Geodetski vestnik, vol 66 n° 3 (September - November 2022)
[article]
Titre : Assessing road accidents in spatial context via statistical and non-statistical approaches to detect road accident hotspot using GIS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yegane Khosravi, Auteur ; Farhad Hosseinali, Auteur ; Mostafa Adresi, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 412 - 431 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Slovène (slv) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] accident de la route
[Termes IGN] analyse de groupement
[Termes IGN] autocorrélation spatiale
[Termes IGN] classification par nuées dynamiques
[Termes IGN] corrélation automatique de points homologues
[Termes IGN] distance de Manhattan
[Termes IGN] estimation par noyau
[Termes IGN] Iran
[Termes IGN] méthode statistique
[Termes IGN] pente
[Termes IGN] processus de hiérarchisation analytique
[Termes IGN] regroupement de données
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (auteur) Road accidents are among the most critical causes of fatality, personal injuries, and financial damage worldwide. Identifying accident hotspots and the causes of accidents and improving the condition of these hotspots is an economical way to improve road traffic safety. In this study, to identify the accident hotspots of “Dehbala” road located in Yazd province-Iran, statistical and non-statistical clustering methods were used. First, the weighting of the criteria was performed by an expert using the AHP method. Hence, the spatial correlation of slope and curvature was calculated by Global Moran’I. Anselin Local Moran index and Getis-Ord Gi* and Kernel Density Estimation were used to identify accident hotspots based on accident location due to the density of points. As a result, four accident hotspots were obtained by the Anselin Local Moran index, three accident hotspots by Getis-Ord Gi*and one accident-prone area were obtained by Kernel Density Estimation method. Three algorithms, k-means, k-medoids, and DBSCAN, were used to identify accident-prone areas or points using non-statistical methods. The dense cluster of each method was considered as an accident-prone cluster. Then the results of statistical and non- statistical methods were intersected with each other and the final accident-prone area was obtained. This study revealed the effect of geometric charcateristics of the road (slope and curvature) on the occurance of accidents. Numéro de notice : A2022-781 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2022.03.412-431 Date de publication en ligne : 04/08/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2022.03.412-431 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101864
in Geodetski vestnik > vol 66 n° 3 (September - November 2022) . - pp 412 - 431[article]Réservation
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