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The efficiency of retention measures in continuous-cover forestry for conserving epiphytic cryptogams: A case study on Abies alba / Stefan Kaufmann in Forest ecology and management, vol 502 (December-15 2021)
[article]
Titre : The efficiency of retention measures in continuous-cover forestry for conserving epiphytic cryptogams: A case study on Abies alba Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Stefan Kaufmann, Auteur ; Sarah-Katharina Funck, Auteur ; Franziska Paintner, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119698 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Allemagne
[Termes IGN] Bryophyte
[Termes IGN] coupe rase (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] habitat (nature)
[Termes IGN] lichen
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Lacking structural diversity in production forests has been evidenced to decrease epiphytic bryophytes and lichens. One approach to create structurally more diverse forests is retention forestry. Only a small number of studies focused on the effectiveness of retention measures in continuous-cover forestry. Most studies have been conducted in even-aged, clear-cut based management systems and applied different approaches, but they all have in common that the retained trees have been examined for epiphytes only after harvest. Thus, it remains unclear whether these trees or even a certain tree species could take the life-boat function for epiphytes on logged sites. Thus, prior to logging, we assessed epiphytic bryophytes and lichens on potential large living retention trees, here referred to as habitat trees (HT), of Abies alba and compared the diversity pattern to nearby average trees (AT; A. alba, Fagus sylvatica or Picea abies) of smaller sizes in selectively harvested continuous-cover forests. Selection of AT was based on the average stem diameter of all trees within the stand. We found that species richness and Simpson diversity of lichens were significantly higher on HT. For bryophytes, F. sylvatica AT showed significantly higher Simpson diversity. Mixed models revealed positive effects of F. sylvatica on bryophytes, whereas large stem diameters and elevation were the driving forces for lichens. Additionally, ordinations revealed clear patterns in species composition separating between conifers and broadleaved trees, and along increasing altitude and stem diameter. Concerning HT selection, we suggest to focus rather on the tree species diversity than on stem diameter, when aiming to protect epiphytic bryophytes and lichens. Numéro de notice : A2021-769 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119698 Date de publication en ligne : 30/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119698 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98821
in Forest ecology and management > vol 502 (December-15 2021) . - n° 119698[article]Building detection with convolutional networks trained with transfer learning / Simon Šanca in Geodetski vestnik, vol 65 n° 4 (December 2021 - February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Building detection with convolutional networks trained with transfer learning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Šanca, Auteur ; Krištof Oštir, Auteur ; Alen Mangafić, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 559 - 576 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] classification automatique d'objets
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] détection du bâti
[Termes IGN] données cadastrales
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] image infrarouge couleur
[Termes IGN] image proche infrarouge
[Termes IGN] image RVB
[Termes IGN] orthoimage couleur
[Termes IGN] segmentation d'image
[Termes IGN] SlovénieRésumé : (Auteur) Building footprint detection based on orthophotos can be used to update the building cadastre. In recent years deep learning methods using convolutional neural networks have been increasingly used around the world. We present an example of automatic building classification using our datasets made of colour near-infrared orthophotos (NIR-R-G) and colour orthophotos (R-G-B). Building detection using pretrained weights from two large scale datasets Microsoft Common Objects in Context (MS COCO) and ImageNet was performed and tested. We applied the Mask Region Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) to detect the building footprints. The purpose of our research is to identify the applicability of pre-trained neural networks on the data of another colour space to build a classification model without re-learning. Numéro de notice : A2021-930 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2021.04.559-593 Date de publication en ligne : 03/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.15292/geodetski-vestnik.2021.04.559-593 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99409
in Geodetski vestnik > vol 65 n° 4 (December 2021 - February 2022) . - pp 559 - 576[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 139-2021041 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Climate warming-induced replacement of mesic beech by thermophilic oak forests will reduce the carbon storage potential in aboveground biomass and soil / Jan Kasper in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)
[article]
Titre : Climate warming-induced replacement of mesic beech by thermophilic oak forests will reduce the carbon storage potential in aboveground biomass and soil Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jan Kasper, Auteur ; Robert Weigel, Auteur ; Helge Walentowski, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 89 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie)
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] écotone
[Termes IGN] Europe centrale
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] Roumanie
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Key message: Climate-warming related replacement of beech by oak forests in the course of natural forest succession or silvicultural decisions may considerably reduce ecosystem carbon storage of central European woodlands.
Context: Climate warming may change the carbon (C) storage in forest biomass and soil through future shifts in tree species composition. With a projected warming by 2–3 K over the twenty-first century, silvicultural adaptation measures and natural succession might lead to the replacement of European beech forests by thermophilic oak forests in drought- and heat-affected regions of central and south-eastern Europe, but the consequences for ecosystem C storage of this species shift are not clear.
Aims: To quantify the change in C storage in biomass and soil with a shift from beech (Fagus sylvatica) to oak forest (Quercus petraea, Q. frainetto, Q. cerris), we measured the aboveground biomass (AGC) and soil C pools (SOC).
Methods: AGC pools and SOC stocks to − 100 cm depth were calculated from forest inventory and volume-related SOC content data for beech, mixed beech-oak and oak forests in three transects in the natural beech-oak ecotone of western Romania, where beech occurs at its heat- and drought-induced distribution limit.
Results: From the cooler, more humid beech forests to the warmer, more xeric oak forests, which are 1–2 K warmer, AGC and SOC pools decreased by about 22% (40 Mg C ha−1) and 20% (17 Mg C ha−1), respectively. The likely main drivers are indirect temperature effects acting through tree species and management in the case of AGC, but direct temperature effects for SOC.
Conclusion : If drought- and heat-affected beech forests in Central Europe are replaced by thermophilic oak forests in future, this will lead to carbon losses of ~ 50–60 Mg ha−1, thus reducing ecosystem carbon storage substantially.Numéro de notice : A2021-766 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-021-01081-0 Date de publication en ligne : 15/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-021-01081-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98812
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021) . - n° 89[article]Early detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany / Kathrin Einzmann in Remote sensing of environment, vol 266 (December 2021)
[article]
Titre : Early detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kathrin Einzmann, Auteur ; Clement Atzberger, Auteur ; Nicole Pinnel, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 112676 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] Bavière (Allemagne)
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] phénomène climatique extrême
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] réflectance spectrale
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] stress hydriqueRésumé : (auteur) Vitality loss of trees caused by extreme weather conditions, drought stress or insect infestations, are expected to increase with ongoing climate change. The detection of vitality loss at an early stage is thus of vital importance for forestry and forest management to minimize ecological and economical damage. Remote sensing instruments are able to detect changes over large areas down to the level of individual trees. The scope of our study is to investigate whether it is possible to detect stress-related spectral changes at an early stage using hyperspectral sensors. For this purpose, two Norway spruce (Picea abies) forest stands, both different in age and maintenance, were monitored in the field over two vegetation periods. In parallel, time series of airborne hyperspectral remote sensing data were acquired. For each stand 70 trees were artificially stressed (ring-barked) and 70 trees were used as control trees. The data collected in south-eastern Germany consists of measurements at multiple times and at different scales: (1) crown conditions were visually assessed in the field (2) needle reflectance spectra were acquired in the laboratory using a FieldSpec spectrometer, and (3) hyperspectral airborne data (HySpex) were flown at 0.5 m spatial resolution. We aimed for a simultaneous data acquisition at the three levels. This unique data set was investigated whether any feature can be discriminated to detect vitality loss in trees at an early stage. Several spectral transformations were applied to the needle and tree crown spectra, such as spectral derivatives, vegetation indices and angle indices. All features were examined for their separability (ring-barked vs. control trees) with the Random Forest (RF) classification algorithm. As result, the younger, well maintained forest stand only showed minor changes over the 2-year period, whereas changes in the older forest stand were observable both in the needle and in the hyperspectral tree crown spectra, respectively. These changes could even be detected before changes were visible by field observations. The tree spectral reactions to ring-barking were first noticeable 11 months after ring-barking and 6 weeks before they were visible by field inspection. The most discriminative features for separating the two groups were the reflectance spectra and the spectral derivatives, over the VIs or angle indices. The tree crown spectra of the two groups could be separated by the RF classifier with a 79% overall accuracy at the beginning of the second vegetation period and 1 month later with 92% overall accuracy with high kappa index. The results clearly demonstrate the great potential of hyperspectral remote sensing in detecting early vitality changes of stressed trees. Numéro de notice : A2021-921 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112676 Date de publication en ligne : 21/09/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112676 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99274
in Remote sensing of environment > vol 266 (December 2021) . - n° 112676[article]Estimation of individual tree stem biomass in an uneven-aged structured coniferous forest using multispectral LiDAR data / Nikos Georgopoulos in Remote sensing, vol 13 n° 23 (December-1 2021)
[article]
Titre : Estimation of individual tree stem biomass in an uneven-aged structured coniferous forest using multispectral LiDAR data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nikos Georgopoulos, Auteur ; Ioannis Z. Gitas, Auteur ; Alexandra Stefanidou, Auteur ; Lauri Korhonen, Auteur ; Dimitris G. Stavrakoudis, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 4827 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] Abies (genre)
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] capteur multibande
[Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] forêt inéquienne
[Termes IGN] Grèce
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes)
[Termes IGN] montagne
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] régression
[Termes IGN] tronc
[Termes IGN] volume en boisRésumé : (auteur) Stem biomass is a fundamental component of the global carbon cycle that is essential for forest productivity estimation. Over the last few decades, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) has proven to be a useful tool for accurate carbon stock and biomass estimation in various biomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of multispectral LiDAR data for the reliable estimation of single-tree total and barkless stem biomass (TSB and BSB) in an uneven-aged structured forest with complex topography. Destructive and non-destructive field measurements were collected for a total of 67 dominant and co-dominant Abies borisii-regis trees located in a mountainous area in Greece. Subsequently, two allometric equations were constructed to enrich the reference data with non-destructively sampled trees. Five different regression algorithms were tested for single-tree BSB and TSB estimation using height (height percentiles and bicentiles, max and average height) and intensity (skewness, standard deviation and average intensity) LiDAR-derived metrics: Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), Gaussian Process (GP), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The results showcased that the RF algorithm provided the best overall predictive performance in both BSB (i.e., RMSE = 175.76 kg and R2 = 0.78) and TSB (i.e., RMSE = 211.16 kg and R2 = 0.65) cases. Our work demonstrates that BSB can be estimated with moderate to high accuracy using all the tested algorithms, contrary to the TSB, where only three algorithms (RF, SVR and GP) can adequately provide accurate TSB predictions due to bark irregularities along the stems. Overall, the multispectral LiDAR data provide accurate stem biomass estimates, the general applicability of which should be further tested in different biomes and ecosystems. Numéro de notice : A2021-953 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/rs13234827 Date de publication en ligne : 27/11/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13234827 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99955
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