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City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges / Valéry Masson in Urban climate, vol 31 (March 2020)  

Public [article]  inUrban climate > vol 31 (March 2020) Titre : City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Valéry Masson, Auteur ; Wieke Heldens, Auteur ; Erwan Bocher, Auteur ; Marion Bonhomme, Auteur ; Bénédicte Bucher , Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Projets : URCLIM / Bucher, Bénédicte Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées numériques [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] flore urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] morphologie urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] occupation du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] ville [Termes descripteurs IGN] zone urbaine Résumé : (auteur) Cities are particularly vulnerable to meteorological hazards because of the concentration of population, goods, capital stock and infrastructure. Urban climate services require multi-disciplinary and multi-sectorial approaches and new paradigms in urban climate modelling. This paper classifies the required urban input data for both mesoscale state-of-the-art Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) and microscale Obstacle Resolving Models (ORM) into five categories and reviews the ways in which they can be obtained. The first two categories are (1) land cover, and (2) building morphology. These govern the main interactions between the city and the urban climate and the Urban Heat Island. Interdependence between morphological parameters and UCM geometric hypotheses are discussed. Building height, plan and wall area densities are recommended as the main input variables for UCMs, whereas ORMs require 3D building data. Recently, three other categories of urban data became relevant for finer urban studies and adaptation to climate change: (3) building design and architecture, (4) building use, anthropogenic heat and socio-economic data, and (5) urban vegetation data. Several methods for acquiring spatial information are reviewed, including remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS) processing from administrative cadasters, expert knowledge and crowdsourcing. Data availability, data harmonization, costs/efficiency trade-offs and future challenges are then discussed. Numéro de notice : A2020-003 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 date de publication en ligne : 19/11/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94290 [article]

Extracting urban landmarks from geographical datasets using a random forests classifier / Yue Lin in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 33 n°12 (December 2019)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 33 n°12 (December 2019) . - pp 2406 - 2423 Titre : Extracting urban landmarks from geographical datasets using a random forests classifier Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yue Lin, Auteur ; Yuyang Cai, Auteur ; Yue Gong, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 2406 - 2423 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par forêts aléatoires [Termes descripteurs IGN] extraction automatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion des itinéraires [Termes descripteurs IGN] jeu de données localisées [Termes descripteurs IGN] point de repère [Termes descripteurs IGN] précision de la classification [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation mentale spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] saillance [Termes descripteurs IGN] Shenzhen [Termes descripteurs IGN] ville Résumé : (auteur) Urban landmarks are of significant importance to spatial cognition and route navigation. However, the current landmark extraction methods mainly focus on the visual salience of landmarks and are insufficient for obtaining high extraction accuracy when the size of the geographical dataset varies. This study introduces a random forests (RF) classifier combining with the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) in urban landmark extraction. Both GIS and social sensing data are employed to quantify the structural and cognitive salience of the examined urban features, which are available from basic spatial databases or mainstream web service application programming interfaces (APIs). The results show that the SMOTE-RF model performs well in urban landmark extraction, with the values of recall, precision, F-measure and AUC reaching 0.851, 0.831, 0.841 and 0.841, respectively. Additionally, this method is suitable for both large and small geographical datasets. The ranking of variable importance given by this model further indicates that certain cognitive measures – such as feature class, Weibo popularity and Bing popularity – can serve as crucial factors for determining a landmark. The optimal variable combination for landmark extraction is also acquired, which might provide support for eliminating the variable selection requirement in other landmark extraction methods. Numéro de notice : A2019-426 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2019.1620238 date de publication en ligne : 28/05/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2019.1620238 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93559 [article]

Cartographic delimitation of the city centre using mental sketches / Kamil Nieścioruk in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 56 n° 4 (November 2019)  

Public [article]  inCartographic journal (the) > Vol 56 n° 4 (November 2019) . - pp 355 - 367 Titre : Cartographic delimitation of the city centre using mental sketches Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kamil Nieścioruk, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 355 - 367 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie thématique [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte cognitive [Termes descripteurs IGN] centre-ville [Termes descripteurs IGN] espace urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] lecture de carte [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pologne [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation mentale [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation mentale spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) The paper deals with the problem of the city centre delimitation. The direct, survey research of almost one hundred respondents has been conducted. The test groups were teenagers, students of two Lublin schools. The research method was a freehand, basic mental sketch map, giving surveyed people a freedom of both content and form of a sketch. The mental (or cognitive) mapping is a well-established approach in the fields of psychology, geography, social science, planning and more with a wide scope of topics being tested with this methodology. The gathered data were processed in the GIS software using vectorization of the centre extents and map algebra approach. The results are presented in a form of data-aggregating maps for a whole group of students as well as for subgroups (different schools, different place of residence). Numéro de notice : A2019-588 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00087041.2018.1547472 date de publication en ligne : 19/06/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2018.1547472 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94498 [article]

Immigration and future housing needs in Switzerland: Agent-based modelling of agglomeration Lausanne / Marcello Marini in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 78 (November 2019)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 78 (November 2019) Titre : Immigration and future housing needs in Switzerland: Agent-based modelling of agglomeration Lausanne Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marcello Marini, Auteur ; Ndaona Chokani, Auteur ; Reza S. Abhari, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] agglomération [Termes descripteurs IGN] banlieue [Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes descripteurs IGN] immigration [Termes descripteurs IGN] Lausanne [Termes descripteurs IGN] logement [Termes descripteurs IGN] mobilité urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle numérique du bâti [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle orienté agent [Termes descripteurs IGN] périphérie urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] projection perspective [Termes descripteurs IGN] système multi-agents Résumé : (auteur) Immigration accounts for 80% of Switzerland's annual population growth, and therefore profoundly impacts demographics, and the attendant housing needs. As there are different possible future scenarios of immigration that will impact urban transformation in Switzerland, we have developed an agent-based dwellings model that, with reasonable computing time due to the use of the computer architecture of graphical processor units, can simulate for a time horizon of decades, the annual evolution of millions of individually characterised households. This dwellings model is coupled to an agent-based population model that simulates millions of individual population agents. We simulate different immigration scenarios, up to 2035, in the Swiss agglomeration of Lausanne. It is shown that the building capacity of the city of Lausanne will reach a limit in 2022, subsequently leading to more rapid growth in the periphery of the agglomeration Lausanne. The construction of new residential dwellings consists primarily of smaller apartments that are more attractive to the demographic of smaller households; this demographic tends to move to the periphery. As families tend to move towards the city centre due to the availability of services, the city and periphery show opposite evolutions over time in the numbers of family households compared to numbers of singles and couples households. The periphery requires an increase in the number and typology of services targeted at the growing demographic of smaller households. Further as most workplaces are still be located in the city centre, the planned improvement of transportation infrastructure in the agglomeration should primarily focus on improved access to the periphery. These observations underline the profound impact of the typology of immigration on the demand for suitable housing, and thus on urban development. Numéro de notice : A2019-413 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.101400 date de publication en ligne : 01/09/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.101400 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93538 [article]

Pressures and threats to nature related to human activities in European urban and suburban forests / Ewa Referowska-Chodak in Forests, vol 10 n° 9 (September 2019)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 10 n° 9 (September 2019) . - 26 p. Titre : Pressures and threats to nature related to human activities in European urban and suburban forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ewa Referowska-Chodak, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 26 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] action anthropique [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] biomasse forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] construction [Termes descripteurs IGN] déboisement [Termes descripteurs IGN] écosystème [Termes descripteurs IGN] flore urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] impact sur l'environnement [Termes descripteurs IGN] périphérie urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] pollution atmosphérique [Termes descripteurs IGN] urbanisation [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) This review regards the pressures and threats linked with the human use of European urban and suburban forests. They can be divided into the following major categories: urban development, fragmentation, and isolation of forests; human pressures on soil and vegetation (e.g., changes in vegetation due to trampling, environmental and especially air pollution); human pressures on animals (e.g., wildlife losses due to collisions, frequent presence of dogs accompanying the visitors); and other threats and damages (e.g., littering and acts of vandalism). The directions of negative relations between people and forests shown in this review draw attention to the high complexity of the discussed issues. Awareness of this complexity (when planning and implementing forest management) can limit or counteract conflicts arising from the use of urban and suburban forests by people. This is of particular importance in the era of progressing urbanization and the evolution of human needs regarding the use of forests. Numéro de notice : A2019-336 Thématique : FORET/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f10090765 date de publication en ligne : 04/09/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f10090765 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93362 [article]

Local climate zone-based urban land cover classification from multi-seasonal Sentinel-2 images with a recurrent residual network / Chunping Qiu in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 154 (August 2019)  

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CNN-based dense image matching for aerial remote sensing images / Shunping Ji in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 85 n° 6 (June 2019)  

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Multi-scale object detection in remote sensing imagery with convolutional neural networks / Zhipeng Deng in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 145 - part A (November 2018)  

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OpenStreetMap data quality enrichment through awareness raising and collective action tools—experiences from a European project / Amin Mobasheri in Geo-spatial Information Science, vol 21 n° 3 (October 2018)  

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Spatial discontinuities, health and mobility - What do the Google's POIs and tweets tell us about Bangkok's (Thailand) structures and spatial dynamics? / Alexandre Cebeillac in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 28 n° 4 (octobre - décembre 2018)  

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Integrating multi-agent evacuation simulation and multi-criteria evaluation for spatial allocation of urban emergency shelters / Jia Yu in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 32 n° 9-10 (September - October 2018)  

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Assessing spatiotemporal predictability of LBSN : a case study of three Foursquare datasets / Ming Li in Geoinformatica [en ligne], vol 22 n° 3 (July 2018)  

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Evaluation of the cartographical quality of urban plans by eye-tracking / Jaroslav Burian in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 5 (May 2018)  

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Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines à 2,5 cm / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 121 (mars - avril 2018)

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The national geographic characteristics of online public opinion propagation in China based on WeChat network / Chuan Ai in Geoinformatica [en ligne], vol 22 n° 2 (April 2018)  

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