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Révision de la chaîne de valorisation des données en système d’information décisionnel / Quentin Courtiade (2022)
Titre : Révision de la chaîne de valorisation des données en système d’information décisionnel Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Quentin Courtiade, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 63 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie
Rapport de projet pluridisciplinaire, cycle ING2Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] données massives
[Termes IGN] entrepôt de données localisées
[Termes IGN] indexation
[Termes IGN] intégration de données
[Termes IGN] Nouvelle-Calédonie
[Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision
[Termes IGN] Python (langage de programmation)
[Termes IGN] SQL
[Termes IGN] système d'information
[Termes IGN] tableau de bord
[Termes IGN] valorisation des donnéesIndex. décimale : PROJET Mémoires : Rapports de projet - stage des ingénieurs de 2e année Résumé : (Auteur) L’Observatoire de l’Environnement en Nouvelle-Calédonie (OEIL) a pour ambition de traduire les pressions, l’état et les réponses qui s’exercent sur l’environnement néo-calédonien. Le pôle Système d’Information, par la mise en place d’un nouveau Système d’Information Décisionnel (SID) au moyen d’une révision de la chaîne de valorisation des données, espère améliorer la rapidité de ses services et en faciliter la maintenance. Le présent stage doit ainsi étudier et mettre en place les outils et méthodes qui constitueront les briques élémentaires de ce futur SID. Afin de répondre aux nécessités de l’entreprise, préalablement à l’intégration des données dans un entrepôt, une étape d’indexation de ces dernières sur une grille hexagonale H3 est établie afin de simplifier le croisement entre sources de données. Une parallélisation des processus est, de surcroît, mise en place au moyen de la librairie Python Dask afin d’assurer le traitement de quantités massives de données. Ce document étudie également comment mettre en place un générateur de code SQL à l’aide de l’outil Data Build Tool (DBT) afin de réaliser des croisements (multi-)thématiques entre les données préalablement indexées. Ces croisements, regroupés en magasins de données sont, par la suite, diffusés via des services web et consommés par des tableaux de bord ou d’autres outils de la manière la plus performante possible. L’indexation des données et la génération automatique de code SQL ont permis une standardisation de la chaîne de valorisation des données, facilitant ainsi sa maintenance. Les tableaux de bord ont également gagné en performance. Note de contenu : Introduction
1. Intégration des données sources dans un entrepôt de données
1.1 Réflexion autour de la structure de l’entrepôt de données
1.2 Validation des concepts et méthodes sur un faible jeu de données
1.3 Mise en œuvre à grande échelle
2. Création et diffusion des magasins de données
2.1 Réflexion autour des outils et méthodes
2.2 Mise en œuvre des outils et méthodes
2.3 Caractérisation des performances et perspectives
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 26864 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (2020- ) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Mémoire de projet pluridisciplinaire Organisme de stage : Observatoire de l’Environnement en Nouvelle-Calédonie OEIL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101652 Documents numériques
en open access
Révision de la chaîne de valorisation des données en système d’information décisionnelAdobe Acrobat PDF Spatial distribution of lead (Pb) in soil: a case study in a contaminated area of the Czech Republic / Nicolas Francos in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Spatial distribution of lead (Pb) in soil: a case study in a contaminated area of the Czech Republic Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nicolas Francos, Auteur ; Asa Gholizadeh, Auteur ; Eyal Ben-Dor, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 610 - 620 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse de groupement
[Termes IGN] autocorrélation spatiale
[Termes IGN] contamination
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] image infrarouge
[Termes IGN] interpolation spatiale
[Termes IGN] krigeage
[Termes IGN] plomb
[Termes IGN] qualité du sol
[Termes IGN] République TchèqueRésumé : (auteur) For decades, the Příbram district in the Czech Republic has been affected by industrial and mining activities, which are the main sources of heavy metal pollutants and negatively affect soil quality. A recent study examined visible–near-infrared (VNIR), shortwave-infrared (SWIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy to model soil lead (Pb) content in a selected area located in Příbram. Following that study, and using the data, we examined the spatial distribution of Pb content in the soil, with a combination of traditional techniques (Moran’s I, hotspot analysis, and Kriging). One of the novel points of this work is the use of the Getis–Ord hotspot analysis before the execution of Kriging interpolation to better emphasize clustering patterns. The results indicated that Pb was a spatially dependent soil property and through extensive in-situ sampling, it was possible to generate an accurate interpolation model. The high-Pb hotspots coincided with topographic obstacles that were modeled using topographic profiles extracted from Google Earth, indicating that Pb content does not always exhibit a direct relationship with topographic height as a result of runoff, due to the contribution of topographic steps. This observation provides a new perspective on the relationship between Pb content and topographic patterns. Numéro de notice : A2022-872 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/19475705.2022.2039786 Date de publication en ligne : 23/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2022.2039786 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102166
in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk > vol 13 (2022) . - pp 610 - 620[article]The long-term development of temperate woodland creation sites: from tree saplings to mature woodlands / Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 95 n° 1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : The long-term development of temperate woodland creation sites: from tree saplings to mature woodlands Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor, Auteur ; Kirsty J. Park, Auteur ; Kypfer Cordts, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 28 - 37 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie)
[Termes IGN] aménagement forestier
[Termes IGN] boisement artificiel
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] forêt ancienne
[Termes IGN] parcelle forestière
[Termes IGN] plantation forestière
[Termes IGN] résilience écologique
[Termes IGN] Royaume-Uni
[Termes IGN] sous-étage
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Tree planting is at the forefront of the current environmental agenda to mitigate climate change and tackle the biodiversity crisis. In the United Kingdom (UK), tree planting has been a priority for more than a century and has helped increase woodland cover from a historic low of 5 per cent at the beginning of the 20th century to a current figure of 13 per cent. However, we still know relatively little about the long-term development of woodland creation sites (particularly of native woodlands) over ecologically realistic timescales. We surveyed a chronosequence of 133 temperate woodland patches encompassing 106 woodland creation sites (10–160 years old) and 27 mature ‘ancient’ woodlands (>250 years old), using a combination of field surveys and remote sensing techniques to quantify vegetation structural changes associated with woodland development. Woodland creation sites displayed similar vegetation development patterns to those described for other woodland systems, i.e. a gradual transition as woodlands undergo ‘stand initiation’, ‘stem exclusion’ and ‘understorey re-initiation’ stages, and became more similar to ‘ancient’ woodlands over time. Structural heterogeneity, average tree size and tree density were the attributes that varied the most among woodland developmental stages. In general, structural heterogeneity and average tree size increased with woodland age, whilst tree density decreased as would be expected. Younger sites in stand initiation were strongly dominated by short vegetation, stem exclusion sites by taller trees and older sites had a more even vegetation height distribution. There was a large degree of overlap between the vegetation characteristics of woodlands in understorey re-initiation stages and older ancient woodlands (partly driven by a lack of regeneration in the understorey); these results suggest that it takes between 80 and 160 years for woodland creation sites to develop certain vegetation attributes similar to those of mature ancient woodlands included in this study. Woodland management practices to create canopy gaps and reducing grazing/browsing pressure to promote natural regeneration are likely to accelerate this transition, increase the structural heterogeneity and biodiversity value of woodland creation sites and enable adaptation and resilience to climate change. Numéro de notice : A2022-115 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpab027 Date de publication en ligne : 03/06/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpab027 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99639
in Forestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 95 n° 1 (January 2022) . - pp 28 - 37[article]Three-dimensional simulations of rockfalls in Ischia, Southern Italy, and preliminary susceptibility zonation / Massimiliano Alvioli in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol 13 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Three-dimensional simulations of rockfalls in Ischia, Southern Italy, and preliminary susceptibility zonation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Massimiliano Alvioli, Auteur ; Ada De Mateo, Auteur ; Raffaele Castaldo, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 2712 - 2736 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] cartographie des risques
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] éboulement
[Termes IGN] île
[Termes IGN] Italie
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de terrain
[Termes IGN] pente
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] roche
[Termes IGN] séisme
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] surveillance géologique
[Termes IGN] vulnérabilitéRésumé : (auteur) Ischia Island is a volcano-tectonic horst in the Phlegrean Volcanic District, Italy. We investigated rockfalls in Ischia using STONE, a three-dimensional model for simulating trajectories for given detachment locations of blocks. We propose methodological advances regarding the use of high-resolution LiDAR elevation data, the localization of possible detachments sources, and the inclusion of scenario-based seismic shaking as a trigger for rockfalls. We demonstrated that raw LiDAR data are useful to distinguish areas covered by tall vegetation, allowing realistic simulation of trajectories. We found that the areas most susceptibile to rockfalls are located along the N, N-W and S-W steep flanks of Mt. Epomeo, the S and S-W coast, and the sides of some steep exposed hydrographic channels located in the southern sector of the island. A novel procedure for dynamic activation of sources depending on ground shaking, in the event of an earthquake, helped inferring a seismically-triggered source map and the corresponding rockfall trajectories, for a scenario with 475 y return time. Thus, we obtained preliminary rockfall suceptibility in Ischia both in a “static” (trigger-independent) scenario, and in a seismic shaking triggering scenario. They must not be considered a risk map, but a starting point for a detailed field analysis. Numéro de notice : A2022-874 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2022.2131472 Date de publication en ligne : 09/10/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2022.2131472 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102172
in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk > vol 13 (2022) . - pp 2712 - 2736[article]Towards synthetic sensing for smart cities : a machine/deep learning-based approach / Faraz Malik Awan (2022)
Titre : Towards synthetic sensing for smart cities : a machine/deep learning-based approach Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Faraz Malik Awan, Auteur ; Noël Crespi, Directeur de thèse ; Roberto Minerva, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Courcouronnes : Télécom SudParis Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 106 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse de doctorat de l’Institut Polytechnique de Paris préparée à Telecom SudParis, Spécialité InformatiqueLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] analyse comparative
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] classification par arbre de décision
[Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] classification par Perceptron multicouche
[Termes IGN] Espagne
[Termes IGN] parking
[Termes IGN] plus proche voisin, algorithme du
[Termes IGN] pollution acoustique
[Termes IGN] pollution atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal récurrent
[Termes IGN] système de transport intelligent
[Termes IGN] trafic routier
[Termes IGN] ville intelligenteIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) We worked on one of the most significant research directions in Smart City, i.e., Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). ITS encapsulates several domains, such as electronic vehicles notification systems, traffic information, smart parking, and environment. However, in this thesis, we target two of its important domains; i) Smart Parking, and ii) Road Traffic. We started our research with Smart Parking use case. Performing literature review, we realized that different Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) approaches have been used for smart parking solutions. In most of these proposed approaches, enclosed parking areas were targeted with different feature sets to predict the "occupancy rate" in parking areas. It inspired us to conduct a comparative analysis to answer following questions; Given the parking prediction use case, how do the traditional ML models perform as compared to complex DL models? Provided big data, can less complex, traditional ML models outperform complex DL models? How well these models can perform to predict the availability of the individual on-street parking spots rather than predicting the overall occupancy rate of an enclosed parking area. To answer these questions, we choose five well-known classical ML algorithms (K-Nearest Neighbours, Random Forest, Decision Tree) and DL algorithm (Multilayer Perceptron). To take our investigation into depth, we train Ensemble Learning Model, in which we combine all the above-mentioned ML and DL models. A huge parking dataset of city of Santander, Spain, has been used which consists of around 25 million records. We also propose to recommend available parking spots based on the current location of the driver. Moving forward with our research goals, we performed literature review on road traffic and found road traffic associated with air pollution and noise pollution often. However, to the best of our knowledge, air pollution & noise pollution have never been use d in traffic prediction problem. In this part of our research, firstly we used air pollution (CO, NO, NO2, NOx, and O3) along with the atmospheric variables, such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and pressure to improve the traffic forecasting in the city of Madrid. This successful experiment motivated us to extend our investigation to another factor, which is also strongly correlated with road traffic i.e., noise pollution. Hence, as an extension of our previous work, in this part of our research, we use noise pollution to improve the traffic prediction in the city of Madrid. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Parking space prediction using classical ML and deep learning models
3- Road traffic prediction improvement using air pollution and atmospheric data
4- Using noise pollution to improve traffic prediction
5- Conclusion and future workNuméro de notice : 20025 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE/URBANISME Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique : Telecom SudParis : 2022 Organisme de stage : SAMOVAR DOI : sans En ligne : https://tel.hal.science/tel-03722891/ Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101825 Towards urban flood susceptibility mapping using data-driven models in Berlin, Germany / Omar Seleem in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol 13 (2022)PermalinkUtilisations multiples de FME pour automatiser les traitements d’une collectivité / Emma Bolmin (2022)PermalinkVegetation changes in the understory of nitrogen-sensitive temperate forests over the past 70 years / Marina Roth in Forest ecology and management, vol 503 (January-1 2022)PermalinkEstimating timber volume loss due to storm damage in Carinthia, Austria, using ALS/TLS and spatial regression models / Arne Nothdurft in Forest ecology and management, vol 502 (December-15 2021)PermalinkThe efficiency of retention measures in continuous-cover forestry for conserving epiphytic cryptogams: A case study on Abies alba / Stefan Kaufmann in Forest ecology and management, vol 502 (December-15 2021)PermalinkBuilding detection with convolutional networks trained with transfer learning / Simon Šanca in Geodetski vestnik, vol 65 n° 4 (December 2021 - February 2022)PermalinkClimate warming-induced replacement of mesic beech by thermophilic oak forests will reduce the carbon storage potential in aboveground biomass and soil / Jan Kasper in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkComparative analysis for methods of building digital elevation models from topographic maps using geoinformation technologies / Vadim Belenok in Geodesy and cartography, vol 47 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkEarly detection of spruce vitality loss with hyperspectral data: Results of an experimental study in Bavaria, Germany / Kathrin Einzmann in Remote sensing of environment, vol 266 (December 2021)PermalinkEstimation of individual tree stem biomass in an uneven-aged structured coniferous forest using multispectral LiDAR data / Nikos Georgopoulos in Remote sensing, vol 13 n° 23 (December-1 2021)PermalinkEvaluating narrative in geoportals for territorial public policies / Luis Manuel Batista in Cartographica, vol 56 n° 4 (Winter 2021)PermalinkExtensification and afforestation of cultivated mineral soil for climate change mitigation in Finland / Boris Tupek in Forest ecology and management, vol 501 (December-1 2021)PermalinkGenetic diversity of seeds from four German Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seed orchards / Birte Pakull in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 6 (December 2021)PermalinkHow geographic and climatic factors affect the adaptation of Douglas-fir provenances to the temperate continental climate zone in Europe / Marzena Niemczyk in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 6 (December 2021)PermalinkHow national forest funds can support small-scale forest businesses to deliver ecosystem services / Ludwig Liagre in Austrian journal of forest science, vol 2021 n° 4 (2021)PermalinkImproving the Fagacées growth model with an expanded common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) data series from France and Germany / Gilles Le Moguédec in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkMapping tropical forest trees across large areas with lightweight cost-effective terrestrial laser scanning / Shengli Tao in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkModelling bark volume for six commercially important tree species in France: assessment of models and application at regional scale / Rodolphe Bauer in Annals of Forest Science, vol 78 n° 4 (December 2021)PermalinkModelling the impact of climate change on the occurrence of frost damage in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Great Britain / A.A. Atucha-Zamkova in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 94 n° 5 (December 2021)PermalinkNational scale mapping of larch plantations for Wales using the Sentinel-2 data archive / Suvarna M. Punalekar in Forest ecology and management, vol 501 (December-1 2021)Permalink