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A four‐dimensional agent‐based model: A case study of forest‐fire smoke propagation / Alex Smith in Transactions in GIS, vol 23 n° 3 (June 2019)
[article]
Titre : A four‐dimensional agent‐based model: A case study of forest‐fire smoke propagation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alex Smith, Auteur ; Suzana Dragićević, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 417 - 434 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] Alberta (Canada)
[Termes IGN] Colombie-Britannique (Canada)
[Termes IGN] données 4D
[Termes IGN] fumée
[Termes IGN] incendie de forêt
[Termes IGN] modèle orienté agent
[Termes IGN] modélisation 4D
[Termes IGN] risque environnemental
[Termes IGN] système multi-agentsRésumé : (Auteur) Dynamic geospatial complex systems are inherently four‐dimensional (4D) processes and there is a need for spatio‐temporal models that are capable of realistic representation for improved understanding and analysis. Such systems include changes of geological structures, dune formation, landslides, pollutant propagation, forest fires, and urban densification. However, these phenomena are frequently analyzed and represented with modeling approaches that consider only two spatial dimensions and time. Consequently, the main objectives of this study are to design and develop a modeling framework for 4D agent‐based modeling, and to implement the approach to the 4D case study for forest‐fire smoke propagation. The study area is central and southern British Columbia and the western parts of Alberta, Canada for forest fires that occurred in the summer season of 2017. The simulation results produced realistic spatial patterns of the smoke propagation dynamics. Numéro de notice : A2019-253 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12551 Date de publication en ligne : 29/05/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12551 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93011
in Transactions in GIS > vol 23 n° 3 (June 2019) . - pp 417 - 434[article]Wood quality of black spruce and balsam fir trees defoliated by spruce budworm: A case study in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada / Carlos Paixao in Forest ecology and management, vol 437 (1 April 2019)
[article]
Titre : Wood quality of black spruce and balsam fir trees defoliated by spruce budworm: A case study in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Carlos Paixao, Auteur ; Cornelia Krause, Auteur ; Hubert Morin, Auteur ; Alexis Achim, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 201-210 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies balsamea
[Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] bois sur pied
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] défoliation
[Termes IGN] densité du bois
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] données dendrométriques
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] Picea mariana
[Termes IGN] qualité du bois
[Termes IGN] Québec (Canada)
[Termes IGN] télédétection aérienneRésumé : (auteur) Spruce budworm (SBW – Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) is one of the most damaging defoliating insects in the coniferous forests of eastern North America. In Canada, the widely distributed balsam fir (Abies balsamea L. (Mill)) and black spruce (Picea mariana B.S.P. (Mill)) are its most important hosts. Defoliation by SBW reduces growth in the host trees and can lead to host mortality. Although SBW impacts on growth are well documented, much less is known about changes in wood properties resulting from defoliation. To address this knowledge gap, we sampled 36 SBW-infested stands located in the boreal forest of Quebec (Canada) to determine whether defoliation modifies the wood quality of affected trees. The selected stands had been subjected to one to four years of SBW defoliation. For both species, we assessed ring growth, wood density, and the anatomical characteristics of stem wood formed during the outbreak years. We determined that rings formed during the SBW outbreak had a significant and progressive loss of biomass production with a longer duration of defoliation. SBW significantly reduced latewood density in the second and third year of defoliation for black spruce and the third and fourth year for balsam fir. Average ring density was reduced only in black spruce and only after four years of defoliation. The observed changes in growth and density were associated with changes in anatomical features. While the cellular characteristics of the earlywood remained fairly constant, significant reductions occurred in latewood cell-wall thickness after three years of defoliation. Our study shows that not only do SBW outbreaks reduce annual radial growth, but the cellular characteristics in latewood cells are also modified momentarily. Thus, SBW outbreaks affect wood density and quality in both black spruce and balsam fir. Numéro de notice : A2019-484 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2019.01.032 Date de publication en ligne : 01/02/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.01.032 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93661
in Forest ecology and management > vol 437 (1 April 2019) . - pp 201-210[article]Chilling and forcing temperatures interact to predict the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers / Nicolas Delpierre in Global change biology, vol 25 n° 3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Chilling and forcing temperatures interact to predict the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nicolas Delpierre, Auteur ; Ségolène Lireux, Auteur ; Florian Hartig, Auteur ; J. Julio Camarero, Auteur ; Alissar Cheaib, Auteur ; Katarina Čufar, Auteur ; Henri E. Cuny , Auteur ; Annie Deslauriers, Auteur ; Patrick Fonti, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Projets : ARBRE / AgroParisTech (2007 -) Article en page(s) : pp 1089 - 1105 Note générale : bibliographie
Funding information : notamment
Agence Nationale de la Recherche. Grant Number: ANR‐11‐LABX‐0002‐01, Lab of Excellence ARBRE
GIP‐ECOFOR. Grant Number: SACROBOQUE 2016.013
Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Grant Number: INTEGRAL‐121859, LOTFOR‐150205
French National Research Agency. Grant Numbers: ANR‐11‐LABX‐0002‐01, LOTFOR‐150205Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative
[Termes IGN] Canada
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] formation du bois
[Termes IGN] hémisphère Nord
[Termes IGN] inférence statistique
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] phénologie
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Picea mariana
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] température au sol
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) The phenology of wood formation is a critical process to consider for predicting how trees from the temperate and boreal zones may react to climate change. Compared to leaf phenology, however, the determinism of wood phenology is still poorly known. Here, we compared for the first time three alternative ecophysiological model classes (threshold models, heat‐sum models and chilling‐influenced heat‐sum models) and an empirical model in their ability to predict the starting date of xylem cell enlargement in spring, for four major Northern Hemisphere conifers (Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Picea mariana). We fitted models with Bayesian inference to wood phenological data collected for 220 site‐years over Europe and Canada. The chilling‐influenced heat‐sum model received most support for all the four studied species, predicting validation data with a 7.7‐day error, which is within one day of the observed data resolution. We conclude that both chilling and forcing temperatures determine the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers. Importantly, the chilling‐influenced heat‐sum model showed virtually no spatial bias whichever the species, despite the large environmental gradients considered. This suggests that the spring onset of wood formation is far less affected by local adaptation than by environmentally driven plasticity. In a context of climate change, we therefore expect rising winter–spring temperature to exert ambivalent effects on the spring onset of wood formation, tending to hasten it through the accumulation of forcing temperature, but imposing a higher forcing temperature requirement through the lower accumulation of chilling. Numéro de notice : A2019-646 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/gcb.14539 Date de publication en ligne : 09/12/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14539 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96894
in Global change biology > vol 25 n° 3 (March 2019) . - pp 1089 - 1105[article]Documents numériques
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Chilling and forcing temperatures interact - préprintAdobe Acrobat PDF Deep mapping gentrification in a large Canadian city using deep learning and Google Street View / Lazar Ilic in Plos one, vol 14 n° 3 (March 2019)
[article]
Titre : Deep mapping gentrification in a large Canadian city using deep learning and Google Street View Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lazar Ilic, Auteur ; M. Sawada, Auteur ; Amaury Zarzelli, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / AgroParisTech (2007 -) Article en page(s) : n° e0212814 Note générale : bibliographie
This work was supported by and is a contribution to the Ottawa Neighbourhood Study (www.neighbourhoodstudy.ca).Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] analyse socio-économique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] Canada
[Termes IGN] image Streetview
[Termes IGN] quartier
[Termes IGN] villeRésumé : (auteur) Gentrification is multidimensional and complex, but there is general agreement that visible changes to neighbourhoods are a clear manifestation of the process. Recent advances in computer vision and deep learning provide a unique opportunity to support automated mapping or ‘deep mapping’ of perceptual environmental attributes. We present a Siamese convolutional neural network (SCNN) that automatically detects gentrification-like visual changes in temporal sequences of Google Street View (GSV) images. Our SCNN achieves 95.6% test accuracy and is subsequently applied to GSV sequences at 86110 individual properties over a 9-year period in Ottawa, Canada. We use Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) to produce maps that illustrate where the spatial concentration of visual property improvements was highest within the study area at different times from 2007–2016. We find strong concordance between the mapped SCNN results and the spatial distribution of building permits in the City of Ottawa from 2011 to 2016. Our mapped results confirm those urban areas that are known to be undergoing gentrification as well as revealing areas undergoing gentrification that were previously unknown. Our approach differs from previous works because we examine the atomic unit of gentrification, namely, the individual property, for visual property improvements over time and we rely on KDE to describe regions of high spatial intensity that are indicative of gentrification processes. Numéro de notice : A2019-165 Affiliation des auteurs : ENSG+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0212814 Date de publication en ligne : 13/03/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212814 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99693
in Plos one > vol 14 n° 3 (March 2019) . - n° e0212814[article]Digital preservation, social history, and the Quon Sang Lung Laundry building : a case study from Fort Macleod, Alberta, Canada / Peter Dawson in Applied geomatics, vol 10 n° 4 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Digital preservation, social history, and the Quon Sang Lung Laundry building : a case study from Fort Macleod, Alberta, Canada Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Peter Dawson, Auteur ; Alireza Farrokhi, Auteur ; Allan Rowe, Auteur ; Farzan Baradaran, Auteur ; Derek D. Lichti, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 361 - 375 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] Alberta (Canada)
[Termes IGN] conservation du patrimoine
[Termes IGN] histoire
[Termes IGN] immigration
[Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D du bâti
[Termes IGN] semis de pointsRésumé : (Auteur) Social history focuses on understanding the everyday lives of ordinary people (Richardson 2011, Social history, local history, and historiography: collected essays). The ethnic minorities that made up immigrant communities in North American towns and cities during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have been of particular interest to social historians (Tosh 2017, From the ‘cape of despair’ to the Cape of Good Hope: letters of the emigrant poor in early nineteenth-century England. Social History 42:480–500). However, language barriers and low rates of literacy often limit the number of first person accounts written by people who belonged to such communities. This paper explores how terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and 3D reconstructive modeling of heritage buildings can provide new insights into the social history of Chinese immigrants in Alberta during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. These technologies were used to rapidly and accurately document the Quon Sang Lung Laundry shop in Fort Macleod, Alberta, prior to its scheduled demolition. The resulting digital data sets were used to construct detailed architectural plans of the building, as well as photorealistic 3D reconstructions of the shop, as it would have appeared at different points in history. The resulting point clouds were further explored to detect and extract evidence of the lived experiences of its occupants. For example, the conflicts and tensions surrounding Chinese laundries, and the discriminatory bylaws that resulted, may be subtly reflected in specific architectural details of the laundry shop, such as evidence for the presence of walls no longer standing. The ability to return to accurate digital models, over and over again, provides unique opportunities to construct social histories of buildings long after they are gone. Numéro de notice : A2018-591 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s12518-018-0232-4 Date de publication en ligne : 11/07/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-018-0232-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92515
in Applied geomatics > vol 10 n° 4 (December 2018) . - pp 361 - 375[article]Mapping experience: Age and indigeneity as mediating factors in users’ experiences with the Algonquian linguistic atlas / Adam Stone in Cartographica, vol 53 n° 4 (Winter 2018)PermalinkTowards operational marker-free registration of terrestrial lidar data in forests / Jean-François Tremblay in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 146 (December 2018)PermalinkUsing Network Segments in the Visualization of Urban Isochrones / Jeff Allen in Cartographica, vol 53 n° 4 (Winter 2018)PermalinkA new algorithm predicting the end of growth at five evergreen conifer forests based on nighttime temperature and the enhanced vegetation index / Huanhuan Yuan in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 144 (October 2018)PermalinkA new method for 3D individual tree extraction using multispectral airborne LiDAR point clouds / Wenxia Dai in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 144 (October 2018)PermalinkObject-based crop classification using multi-temporal SPOT-5 imagery and textural features with a Random Forest classifier / Huanxue Zhang in Geocarto international, vol 33 n° 10 (October 2018)PermalinkDigital aerial photogrammetry for assessing cumulative spruce budworm defoliation and enhancing forest inventories at a landscape-level / Tristan R.H. Goodbody in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 142 (August 2018)PermalinkLa propriété en 3D : état des lieux / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 123 (juillet - août 2018)PermalinkParametric bootstrap estimators for hybrid inference in forest inventories / Mathieu Fortin in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 91 n° 3 (July 2018)PermalinkPredicting hardwood quality and its evolution over time in Quebec's forests / Hughes Power in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 91 n° 3 (July 2018)Permalink