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Répartitions spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar / Solofo Rakotondraompiana in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 223 (mars - décembre 2021)
[article]
Titre : Répartitions spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Solofo Rakotondraompiana, Auteur ; Heninjara Narovana Hasina Andriamanantena, Auteur ; Solofoarisoa Rakotoniaina, Auteur ; Samuel Razanaka, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 38 - 58 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] agrégat
[Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] dégradation de l'environnement
[Termes IGN] géostatistique
[Termes IGN] habitat (urbanisme)
[Termes IGN] image Terra-MODIS
[Termes IGN] incendie
[Termes IGN] Madagascar
[Termes IGN] saison
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] zone sinistréeRésumé : (Auteur) Cette publication participe à la compréhension de la dégradation de l’environnement à Madagascar. Spécifiquement, il s’agit d’analyser la distribution spatiale et temporelle des feux à Madagascar et d’identifier les facteurs à l’origine des feux. Les données fournies par le capteur MODIS sur l’ensemble du territoire de Madagascar pour les années 2014 à 2018 sont utilisées. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une certaine stabilité des points de feux actifs observés à Madagascar pendant la période 2014 à 2018, sauf pour l’année 2016, année de forte sécheresse mondiale. Les feux brûlent en moyenne une superficie de 3 757 792 ha par an. La majorité de ces feux est observée pendant la saison sèche et leur maximum en nombre et en superficie est atteint aux mois de septembre et octobre. Au premier abord, les feux couvrent la quasi-totalité du pays. Toutefois, les analyses spatiales et temporelles montrent que les points de feu sont regroupés en agrégats d’ordre 1, 2, 3 ou 4. Les agrégats indiquent les zones où l’on retrouve une concentration de points de feux. Les régions contenant des agrégats d'ordres supérieurs sont les plus exposées. Ce sont des zones auxquelles il est nécessaire d’accorder une attention particulière. Les résultats de l’analyse par permutation spatio-temporelle indiquent que les feux proches dans l’espace le sont aussi dans le temps. La répartition des agrégats par rapport aux pistes et aux villages démontre que les feux se propagent essentiellement à proximité des lieux habités et des voies d’accès. Numéro de notice : A2021-663 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueNat DOI : 10.52638/rfpt.2021.520 Date de publication en ligne : 18/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2021.520 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98751
in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection > n° 223 (mars - décembre 2021) . - pp 38 - 58[article]Are pine-oak mixed stands in Mediterranean mountains more resilient to drought than their monospecific counterparts? / Francisco J. Muñoz-Gálvez in Forest ecology and management, vol 484 ([15/03/2021])
[article]
Titre : Are pine-oak mixed stands in Mediterranean mountains more resilient to drought than their monospecific counterparts? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Francisco J. Muñoz-Gálvez, Auteur ; Asier Herrero, Auteur ; Maria Esther Pérez-Corona, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 118955 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] Espagne
[Termes IGN] forêt méditerranéenne
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] module linéaire
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] Quercus pyrenaica
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Termes IGN] vulnérabilité
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Climate change projections point to an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme drought events with important negative impacts on forest functioning. Predicting these impacts constitutes a crucial challenge for forest managers and for the maintenance of ecosystem services supply. Promoting mixed stands seems a promising strategy for adapting forest ecosystems to ongoing climate change. However, some uncertainty exists regarding whether admixture can improve growth resilience to extreme drought events. Here, we aim to assess tree growth response to drought in mixed and monospecific stands of Pinus sylvestris L. and Quercus pyrenaica Willd. in central Spain. We built tree-ring chronologies and evaluated tree growth sensitivity to water availability and growth resilience components to extreme droughts using linear mixed models. We found contrasting species- and climate-specific responses to admixture. Q. pyrenaica growth was significantly higher in mixed than in monospecific stands, especially in years without water limitations, while P. sylvestris showed higher growth in mixed stands under dry conditions. However, our results showed a species-specific trade-off between resistance and recovery. While P. sylvestris showed higher resistance but lower recovery to drought events in mixed than monospecific stands, Q. pyrenaica showed higher recovery but lower resistance. This trade-off might explain the absence of admixture effects on species resilience. Our results highlight the importance of considering species-specific responses to water availability and associated trade-offs when evaluating admixture effects on drought vulnerability. Overall, we show a positive effect of admixture on the long-term growth stability in response to average climate conditions, but no effects in short-term resilience capacity to increasingly common extreme dry conditions. Consequently, admixture can promote forest productivity stability but should be carefully considered as a management solution for promoting the resilience of Mediterranean mountain forests to increasing aridity. Numéro de notice : A2021-264 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118955 Date de publication en ligne : 25/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.118955 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97316
in Forest ecology and management > vol 484 [15/03/2021] . - n° 118955[article]Early detection of forest stress from European spruce bark beetle attack, and a new vegetation index: Normalized distance red & SWIR (NDRS) / Langning Huo in Remote sensing of environment, Vol 255 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Early detection of forest stress from European spruce bark beetle attack, and a new vegetation index: Normalized distance red & SWIR (NDRS) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Langning Huo, Auteur ; Henrik J. Persson, Auteur ; Eva Lindberg, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 112240 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] bande infrarouge
[Termes IGN] écho radar
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-SAR
[Termes IGN] indice de stress
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire
[Termes IGN] Picea mariana
[Termes IGN] Scolytinae
[Termes IGN] signature spectrale
[Termes IGN] Suède
[Termes IGN] vulnérabilitéRésumé : (auteur) The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus [L.]) is one of the most damaging pest insects of European spruce forests. A crucial measure in pest control is the removal of infested trees before the beetles leave the bark, which generally happens before the end of June. However, stressed tree crowns do not show any significant color changes in the visible spectrum at this early-stage of infestation, making early detection difficult. In order to detect the related forest stress at an early stage, we investigated the differences in radar and spectral signals of healthy and stressed trees. How the characteristics of stressed trees changed over time was analyzed for the whole vegetation season, which covered the period before attacks (April), early-stage infestation (‘green-attacks’, May to July), and middle to late-stage infestation (August to October). The results show that spectral differences already existed at the beginning of the vegetation season, before the attacks. The spectral separability between the healthy and infested samples did not change significantly during the ‘green-attack’ stage. The results indicate that the trees were stressed before the attacks and had spectral signatures that differed from healthy ones. These stress-induced spectral changes could be more efficient indicators of early infestations than the ‘green-attack’ symptoms. In this study we used Sentinel-1 and 2 images of a test site in southern Sweden from April to October in 2018 and 2019. The red and SWIR bands from Sentinel-2 showed the highest separability of healthy and stressed samples. The backscatter from Sentinel-1 and additional bands from Sentinel-2 contributed only slightly in the Random Forest classification models. We therefore propose the Normalized Distance Red & SWIR (NDRS) index as a new index based on our observations and the linear relationship between the red and SWIR bands. This index identified stressed forest with accuracies from 0.80 to 0.88 before the attacks, from 0.80 to 0.82 in the early-stage infestation, and from 0.81 to 0.91 in middle- and late-stage infestations. These accuracies are higher than those attained by established vegetation indices aimed at ‘green-attack’ detection, such as the Normalized Difference Water Index, Ratio Drought Index, and Disease Stress Water Index. By using the proposed method, we highlight the potential of using NDRS with Sentinel-2 images to estimate forest vulnerability to European spruce bark beetle attacks early in the vegetation season. Numéro de notice : A2021-190 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112240 Date de publication en ligne : 20/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112240 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97111
in Remote sensing of environment > Vol 255 (March 2021) . - n° 112240[article]Attribution of the Australian bushfire risk to anthropogenic climate change / Geert Jan Van Oldenborgh in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol 21 n° 3 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Attribution of the Australian bushfire risk to anthropogenic climate change Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Geert Jan Van Oldenborgh, Auteur ; Folmer Krikken, Auteur ; Sophie Lewis, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 941 - 960 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse des risques
[Termes IGN] brousse
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] incendie
[Termes IGN] modèle météorologique
[Termes IGN] planification
[Termes IGN] prévention des risques
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] température au sol
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solRésumé : (auteur) Disastrous bushfires during the last months of 2019 and January 2020 affected Australia, raising the question to what extent the risk of these fires was exacerbated by anthropogenic climate change. To answer the question for southeastern Australia, where fires were particularly severe, affecting people and ecosystems, we use a physically based index of fire weather, the Fire Weather Index; long-term observations of heat and drought; and 11 large ensembles of state-of-the-art climate models. We find large trends in the Fire Weather Index in the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Atmospheric Reanalysis (ERA5) since 1979 and a smaller but significant increase by at least 30 % in the models. Therefore, we find that climate change has induced a higher weather-induced risk of such an extreme fire season. This trend is mainly driven by the increase of temperature extremes. In agreement with previous analyses we find that heat extremes have become more likely by at least a factor of 2 due to the long-term warming trend. However, current climate models overestimate variability and tend to underestimate the long-term trend in these extremes, so the true change in the likelihood of extreme heat could be larger, suggesting that the attribution of the increased fire weather risk is a conservative estimate. We do not find an attributable trend in either extreme annual drought or the driest month of the fire season, September–February. The observations, however, show a weak drying trend in the annual mean. For the 2019/20 season more than half of the July–December drought was driven by record excursions of the Indian Ocean Dipole and Southern Annular Mode, factors which are included in the analysis here. The study reveals the complexity of the 2019/20 bushfire event, with some but not all drivers showing an imprint of anthropogenic climate change. Finally, the study concludes with a qualitative review of various vulnerability and exposure factors that each play a role, along with the hazard in increasing or decreasing the overall impact of the bushfires. Numéro de notice : A2021-395 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.5194/nhess-21-941-2021 Date de publication en ligne : 11/03/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-941-2021 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97684
in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences > vol 21 n° 3 (March 2021) . - pp 941 - 960[article]Damage detection using SAR coherence statistical analysis, application to Beirut, Lebanon / Tamer ElGharbawi in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 173 (March 2021)
[article]
Titre : Damage detection using SAR coherence statistical analysis, application to Beirut, Lebanon Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tamer ElGharbawi, Auteur ; Fawzi Zarzoura, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image radar et applications
[Termes IGN] Beyrouth
[Termes IGN] corrélation
[Termes IGN] décorrélation
[Termes IGN] dommage matériel
[Termes IGN] étude d'impact
[Termes IGN] filtre passe-haut
[Termes IGN] image radar moirée
[Termes IGN] risque technologiqueRésumé : (auteur) Early well-coordinated response during unexpected catastrophes can define the near future of the stricken regions. Beirut city, Lebanon, was one of the unfortunate regions to endure the horrific ordeal of an unexpected explosion that caused thousands of human casualties, billions of dollars’ worth of property damage, and destroyed its main maritime entry point. In this paper, we identify damaged regions and classify their severity using a simple and robust SAR correlation technique. We employ phase coherence and amplitude correlation of a SAR stack to estimate pixels’ damage probability using hypothesis testing. We use a spatial phase filter applied in the frequency domain to improve the estimated coherence by removing the spatial decorrelation component of the total estimated coherence. Using this filter improved the coherence of nearly 44.2% of pixels identified with coherence less than 0.25 in our study area. The estimated damaged regions are presented and compared against a damage map issued by Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) which shows an average agreement of 68.3%. Also, a fine agreement was observed when compared to optical satellite images. Numéro de notice : A2021-100 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.01.00 Date de publication en ligne : 15/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.01.001 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96871
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 173 (March 2021) . - pp 1 - 9[article]Réservation
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