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Can machine learning improve small area population forecasts? A forecast combination approach / Irina Grossman in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 95 (July 2022)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 95 (July 2022) . - n° 101806 Titre : Can machine learning improve small area population forecasts? A forecast combination approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Irina Grossman, Auteur ; Kasun Bandara, Auteur ; Tom Wilson, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 101806 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales [Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes IGN] Australie [Termes IGN] démographie [Termes IGN] Extreme Gradient Machine [Termes IGN] infrastructure [Termes IGN] lissage de données [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] modèle empirique [Termes IGN] Nouvelle-Zélande [Termes IGN] planification stratégique [Termes IGN] pondération [Termes IGN] série temporelle Résumé : (auteur) Generating accurate small area population forecasts is vital for governments and businesses as it provides better grounds for decision making and strategic planning of future demand for services and infrastructure. Small area population forecasting faces numerous challenges, including complex underlying demographic processes, data sparsity, and short time series due to changing geographic boundaries. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for small area forecasting which combines proven demographic forecasting methods, an exponential smoothing based algorithm, and a machine learning based forecasting technique. The proposed forecasting combination contains four base models commonly used in demographic forecasting, a univariate forecasting model specifically suitable for forecasting yearly data, and a globally trained Light Gradient Boosting Model (LGBM) that exploits the similarities between a collection of population time series. In this study, three forecast combination techniques are investigated to weight the forecasts generated by these base models. We empirically evaluate our method, by preparing small area population forecasts for Australia and New Zealand. The proposed framework is able to achieve competitive results in terms of forecasting accuracy. Moreover, we show that the inclusion of the LGBM model always improves the accuracy of combination models on both datasets, relative to combination models which only include the demographic models. In particular, the results indicate that the proposed combination framework decreases the prevalence of relatively poor forecasts, while improving the reliability of small area population forecasts. Numéro de notice : A2022-374 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101806 Date de publication en ligne : 19/04/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101806 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100621 [article]

Estimating generalized measures of local neighbourhood context from multispectral satellite images using a convolutional neural network / Alex David Singleton in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 95 (July 2022)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 95 (July 2022) . - n° 101802 Titre : Estimating generalized measures of local neighbourhood context from multispectral satellite images using a convolutional neural network Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alex David Singleton, Auteur ; Dani Arribas-Bel, Auteur ; John Murray, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 101802 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] analyse de groupement [Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales [Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes IGN] bâtiment [Termes IGN] carte d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] Grande-Bretagne [Termes IGN] image multibande [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI [Termes IGN] morphologie urbaine [Termes IGN] pondération [Termes IGN] processeur graphique Résumé : (auteur) The increased availability of high-resolution multispectral imagery captured by remote sensing platforms provides new opportunities for the characterisation and differentiation of urban context. The discovery of generalized latent representations from such data are however under researched within the social sciences. As such, this paper exploits advances in machine learning to implement a new method of capturing measures of urban context from multispectral satellite imagery at a very small area level through the application of a convolutional autoencoder (CAE). The utility of outputs from the CAE is enhanced through the application of spatial weighting, and the smoothed outputs are then summarised using cluster analysis to generate a typology comprising seven groups describing salient patterns of differentiated urban context. The limits of the technique are discussed with reference to the resolution of the satellite data utilised within the study and the interaction between the geography of the input data and the learned structure. The method is implemented within the context of Great Britain, however, is applicable to any location where similar high resolution multispectral imagery are available. Numéro de notice : A2022-370 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101802 Date de publication en ligne : 19/04/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101802 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100606 [article]

Precise crop classification of hyperspectral images using multi-branch feature fusion and dilation-based MLP / Haibin Wu in Remote sensing, vol 14 n° 11 (June-1 2022)  

Public [article]  inRemote sensing > vol 14 n° 11 (June-1 2022) . - n° 2713 Titre : Precise crop classification of hyperspectral images using multi-branch feature fusion and dilation-based MLP Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Haibin Wu, Auteur ; Huaming Zhou, Auteur ; Aili Wang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 2713 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] cultures [Termes IGN] extraction de traits caractéristiques [Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale [Termes IGN] Perceptron multicouche Résumé : (auteur) The precise classification of crop types using hyperspectral remote sensing imaging is an essential application in the field of agriculture, and is of significance for crop yield estimation and growth monitoring. Among the deep learning methods, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the premier model for hyperspectral image (HSI) classification for their outstanding locally contextual modeling capability, which facilitates spatial and spectral feature extraction. Nevertheless, the existing CNNs have a fixed shape and are limited to observing restricted receptive fields, constituting a simulation difficulty for modeling long-range dependencies. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposed two novel classification frameworks which are both built from multilayer perceptrons (MLPs). Firstly, we put forward a dilation-based MLP (DMLP) model, in which the dilated convolutional layer replaced the ordinary convolution of MLP, enlarging the receptive field without losing resolution and keeping the relative spatial position of pixels unchanged. Secondly, the paper proposes multi-branch residual blocks and DMLP concerning performance feature fusion after principal component analysis (PCA), called DMLPFFN, which makes full use of the multi-level feature information of the HSI. The proposed approaches are carried out on two widely used hyperspectral datasets: Salinas and KSC; and two practical crop hyperspectral datasets: WHU-Hi-LongKou and WHU-Hi-HanChuan. Experimental results show that the proposed methods outshine several state-of-the-art methods, outperforming CNN by 6.81%, 12.45%, 4.38% and 8.84%, and outperforming ResNet by 4.48%, 7.74%, 3.53% and 6.39% on the Salinas, KSC, WHU-Hi-LongKou and WHU-Hi-HanChuan datasets, respectively. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the proposed methods offer remarkable performances for hyperspectral precise crop classification. Numéro de notice : A2022-539 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/rs14112713 Date de publication en ligne : 05/06/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14112713 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101102 [article]

Direct photogrammetry with multispectral imagery for UAV-based snow depth estimation / Kathrin Maier in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 186 (April 2022)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 186 (April 2022) . - pp 1 - 18 Titre : Direct photogrammetry with multispectral imagery for UAV-based snow depth estimation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kathrin Maier, Auteur ; Andrea Nascetti, Auteur ; Ward van Pelt, Auteur ; Gunhild Rosqvist, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 18 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales [Termes IGN] bande infrarouge [Termes IGN] épaisseur [Termes IGN] erreur moyenne quadratique [Termes IGN] géoréférencement direct [Termes IGN] image captée par drone [Termes IGN] image multibande [Termes IGN] manteau neigeux [Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface [Termes IGN] photogrammétrie aérienne [Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique en temps réel [Termes IGN] qualité du modèle [Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D [Termes IGN] structure-from-motion [Termes IGN] Suède Résumé : (Auteur) More accurate snow quality predictions are needed to economically and socially support communities in a changing Arctic environment. This contrasts with the current availability of affordable and efficient snow monitoring methods. In this study, a novel approach is presented to determine spatial snow depth distribution in challenging alpine terrain that was tested during a field campaign performed in the Tarfala valley, Kebnekaise mountains, northern Sweden, in April 2019. The combination of a multispectral camera and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) was used to derive three-dimensional (3D) snow surface models via Structure from Motion (SfM) with direct georeferencing. The main advantage over conventional photogrammetric surveys is the utilization of accurate Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning which enables direct georeferencing of the images, and therefore eliminates the need for ground control points. The proposed method is capable of producing high-resolution 3D snow-covered surface models (7 cm/pixel) of alpine areas up to eight hectares in a fast, reliable and affordable way. The test sites’ average snow depth was 160 cm with an average standard deviation of 78 cm. The overall Root-Mean-Square Errors (RMSE) of the snow depth range from 11.52 cm for data acquired in ideal surveying conditions to 41.03 cm in aggravated light and wind conditions. Results of this study suggest that the red components in the electromagnetic spectrum, i.e., the red, red edge, and near-infrared (NIR) band, contain the majority of information used in photogrammetric processing. The experiments highlighted a significant influence of the multi-spectral imagery on the quality of the final snow depth estimation as well as a strong potential to reduce processing times and computational resources by limiting the dimensionality of the imagery through the application of a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) before the photogrammetric 3D reconstruction. The proposed method is part of closing the scale gap between discrete point measurements and regional-scale remote sensing and complements large-scale remote sensing data and snow model output with an adequate validation source. Numéro de notice : A2022-066 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.01.020 Date de publication en ligne : 09/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.01.020 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99783 [article]

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Three-Dimensional point cloud analysis for building seismic damage information / Fan Yang in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 88 n° 2 (February 2022)  

Public [article]  inPhotogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS > vol 88 n° 2 (February 2022) . - pp 103 - 111 Titre : Three-Dimensional point cloud analysis for building seismic damage information Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Fan Yang, Auteur ; Zhiwei Fan, Auteur ; Chao Wen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 103 - 111 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] analyse de groupement [Termes IGN] analyse en composantes principales [Termes IGN] densité des points [Termes IGN] détection du bâti [Termes IGN] dommage matériel [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] extraction de données [Termes IGN] filtrage de points [Termes IGN] mur [Termes IGN] séisme [Termes IGN] semis de points Résumé : (Auteur) Postearthquake building damage assessment requires professional judgment; however, there are factors such as high workload and human error. Making use of Terrestrial Laser Scanning data, this paper presents a method for seismic damage information extraction. This new method is based on principal component analysis calculating the local surface curvature of each point in the point cloud. Then use the nearest point angle algorithm, combined with the data features of the actual measured value to identify point cloud seismic information, and filter the points that tend to the plane by setting the threshold value. Based on the statistical analysis of the normal vector, the raw point cloud data are deplanarized to obtain the preliminary results of seismic damage information. The density clustering algorithm is used to denoise the initially extracted seismic damage information. Ultimately, we can obtain the distribution patterns and characteristics of cracks in the walls of the building. The extraction result of the seismic damage information point cloud data is compared with the photos collected at the site, showing that the algorithm steps successfully identify the crack and shed wall skin information recorded in the site photos (identification rate: 95%). Point cloud distribution maps of cracked and shed siding areas determine quantitative information on seismic damage, providing a higher level of performance and detail than direct contact measurements. Numéro de notice : A2022-065 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.14358/PERS.21-00019R3 Date de publication en ligne : 01/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.21-00019R3 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99727 [article]

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