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Titre : Statistical analysis handbook : a comprehensive handbook of statistical concepts, techniques and software tools Type de document : Guide/Manuel Auteurs : Michael J. de Smith, Auteur Editeur : STAT!Ref Année de publication : 2015 Importance : 677 p. Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Statistiques
[Termes IGN] analyse de données
[Termes IGN] autocorrélation
[Termes IGN] corrélation
[Termes IGN] covariance
[Termes IGN] données statistiques
[Termes IGN] estimation statistique
[Termes IGN] exploration de données
[Termes IGN] régression
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] statistique descriptive
[Termes IGN] variable aléatoire
[Termes IGN] varianceIndex. décimale : 23.60 Statistiques et probabilités Résumé : (Auteur) [Introduction] The definition of what is meant by statistics and statistical analysis has changed considerably over the last few decades. Here are two contrasting definitions of what statistics is, from eminent professors in the field, some 60+ years apart: "Statistics is the branch of scientific method which deals with the data obtained by counting or measuring the properties of populations of natural phenomena. In this definition 'natural phenomena' includes all the happenings of the external world, whether human or not." Professor Maurice Kendall, 1943, p2 [MK1]
"Statistics is: the fun of finding patterns in data; the pleasure of making discoveries; the import of deep philosophical questions; the power to shed light on important decisions, and the ability to guide decisions..... in business, science, government, medicine, industry..." Professor David Hand [DH1]
As these two definitions indicate, the discipline of statistics has moved from being grounded firmly in the world of measurement and scientific analysis into the world of exploration, comprehension and decision-making. At the same time its usage has grown enormously, expanding from a relatively small set of specific application areas (such as design of experiments and computation of life insurance premiums) to almost every walk of life. A particular feature of this change is the massive expansion in information (and misinformation) available to all sectors and age-groups in society. Understanding this information, and making well-informed decisions on the basis of such understanding, is the primary function of modern statistical methods.
Our objective in producing this Handbook is to be comprehensive in terms of concepts and techniques (but not necessarily exhaustive), representative and independent in terms of software tools, and above all practical in terms of application and implementation. However, we believe that it is no longer appropriate to think of a standard, discipline-specific textbook as capable of satisfying every kind of new user need. Accordingly, an innovative feature of our approach here is the range of formats and channels through which we disseminate the material - web, ebook and in due course, print. A major advantage of the electronic formats is that the text can be embedded with internal and external hyperlinks. In this Handbook we utilize both forms of link, with external links often referring to a small number of well-established sources, notably MacTutor for bibliographic information and a number of other web resources, such as Eric Weisstein's Mathworld and the statistics portal of Wikipedia, for providing additional material on selected topics. The treatment of topics in this Handbook is relatively informal, in that we do not provide mathematical proofs for much of the material discussed. However, where it is felt particularly useful to clarify how an expression arises, we do provide simple derivations. More generally we adopt the approach of using descriptive explanations and worked examples in order to clarify the usage of different measures and procedures. Frequently convenient software tools are used for this purpose, notably SPSS/PASW, The R Project, MATLab and a number of more specialized software tools where appropriate.
Just as all datasets and software packages contain errors, known and unknown, so too do all books and websites, and we expect that there will be errors despite our best efforts to remove these! Some may be genuine errors or misprints, whilst others may reflect our use of specific versions of software packages and their documentation. Inevitably with respect to the latter, new versions of the packages that we have used to illustrate this Handbook will have appeared even before publication, so specific examples, illustrations and comments on scope or restrictions may have been superseded. In all cases the user should review the documentation provided with the software version they plan to use, check release notes for changes and known bugs, and look at any relevant online services (e.g. user/developer forums and blogs on the web) for additional materials and insights. The interactive web version of this Handbook may be accessed via the associated Internet site: www.statsref.com. The contents and sample sections of the PDF version may also be accessed from this site. In both cases the information is regularly updated. The Internet is now well established as society’s principal mode of information exchange, and most aspiring users of statistical methods are accustomed to searching for material that can easily be customized to specific needs. Our objective for such users is to provide an independent, reliable and authoritative first port of call for conceptual, technical, software and applications material that addresses the panoply of new user requirements.
Readers wishing to obtain a more in-depth understanding of the background to many of the topics covered in this Handbook should review the Suggested Reading topic. Those seeking examples of software tools that might be used for statistical analysis should refer to the Software section.Note de contenu : Introduction
- Statistical data
- Statistical concepts
- Descriptive statistics
- Key functions and expressions
- Data transformation and standardization
- Data exploration
- Randomness and randomization
- Correlation and autocorrelation
- Estimation and estimators
- Classical tests
- Contingency tables
- Design of experiments
- Analysis of variance and covariance
- Regression and smoothing
- Time series analysis and temporal autocorrelation
- Resources (Distribution tables, R code snippets, Statistical software etc)
Afterword: Big DataNuméro de notice : 22862 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Manuel En ligne : http://www.statsref.com/HTML/index.html Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89298 Slow feature analysis for change detection in multispectral imagery / Chen Wu in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 52 n° 5 tome 1 (May 2014)
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Titre : Slow feature analysis for change detection in multispectral imagery Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chen Wu, Auteur ; Bo Du, Auteur ; Liangpei Zhang, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 2858 - 2874 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] analyse de variance
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] image Landsat-ETM+
[Termes IGN] image multibande
[Termes IGN] image multitemporelle
[Termes IGN] pixel
[Termes IGN] varianceRésumé : (Auteur) Change detection was one of the earliest and is also one of the most important applications of remote sensing technology. For multispectral images, an effective solution for the change detection problem is to exploit all the available spectral bands to detect the spectral changes. However, in practice, the temporal spectral variance makes it difficult to separate changes and nonchanges. In this paper, we propose a novel slow feature analysis (SFA) algorithm for change detection. Compared with changed pixels, the unchanged ones should be spectrally invariant and varying slowly across the multitemporal images. SFA extracts the most temporally invariant component from the multitemporal images to transform the data into a new feature space. In this feature space, the differences in the unchanged pixels are suppressed so that the changed pixels can be better separated. Three SFA change detection approaches, comprising unsupervised SFA, supervised SFA, and iterative SFA, are constructed. Experiments on two groups of real Enhanced Thematic Mapper data sets show that our proposed method performs better in detecting changes than the other state-of-the-art change detection methods. Numéro de notice : A2014-264 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2266673 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2266673 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33167
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 52 n° 5 tome 1 (May 2014) . - pp 2858 - 2874[article]Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 065-2014051A RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 En circulation
Exclu du prêtAutomated parameterisation for multi-scale image segmentation on multiple layers / L. Drăguț in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 88 (February 2014)
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Titre : Automated parameterisation for multi-scale image segmentation on multiple layers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : L. Drăguț, Auteur ; O. Csillik, Auteur ; C. Eisank, Auteur ; D. Tiede, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 119 - 127 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] analyse d'image orientée objet
[Termes IGN] eCognition
[Termes IGN] facteur d'échelle
[Termes IGN] résolution multiple
[Termes IGN] segmentation d'image
[Termes IGN] varianceRésumé : (Auteur) We introduce a new automated approach to parameterising multi-scale image segmentation of multiple layers, and we implemented it as a generic tool for the eCognition® software. This approach relies on the potential of the local variance (LV) to detect scale transitions in geospatial data. The tool detects the number of layers added to a project and segments them iteratively with a multi-resolution segmentation algorithm in a bottom-up approach, where the scale factor in the segmentation, namely, the scale parameter (SP), increases with a constant increment. The average LV value of the objects in all of the layers is computed and serves as a condition for stopping the iterations: when a scale level records an LV value that is equal to or lower than the previous value, the iteration ends, and the objects segmented in the previous level are retained. Three orders of magnitude of SP lags produce a corresponding number of scale levels. Tests on very high resolution imagery provided satisfactory results for generic applicability. The tool has a significant potential for enabling objectivity and automation of GEOBIA analysis. Numéro de notice : A2014-088 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.11.018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.11.018 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32993
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 88 (February 2014) . - pp 119 - 127[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 081-2014021 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Assessing the precision in loading estimates by geodetic techniques in Southern Europe / Pierre Valty in Geophysical journal international, vol 194 n° 3 (September 2013)
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Titre : Assessing the precision in loading estimates by geodetic techniques in Southern Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Pierre Valty , Auteur ; Olivier de Viron, Auteur ; Isabelle Panet , Auteur ; Juliette Legrand, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 1441 - 1454 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] déformation verticale de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] données GRACE
[Termes IGN] estimation de précision
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] surcharge atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] surcharge océanique
[Termes IGN] varianceRésumé : (auteur) This paper investigates the precision of the estimation of geophysical fluid load deformation computed from GRACE space gravity, GPS vertical displacement and geophysical fluids models [Global Circulation Models (GCMs) for ocean, atmosphere and hydrology], using the three-cornered hat method. This method allows the estimation of the variance of the errors of each technique, when the same quantity is monitored by three instruments with independent errors. Applied on a network of stations, several points of view can be considered: the technique level (in order to determine the error of each technique: GRACE, GPS and GCMs), the solution level (allowing to compare the precision of the same technique when different strategies/models are used), and the station level (in order to emphasize local anomalies and geographical patterns). In particular, our results show a precision of the loading vertical displacement at the level of 1 mm when using GRACE or the fluid models, and of 2 mm using GPS. We do not find significant differences between the precision of different solutions of the same techniques, even when there are strong differences in the data processing. Numéro de notice : A2013-808 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/gji/ggt173 Date de publication en ligne : 31/05/2013 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt173 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80093
in Geophysical journal international > vol 194 n° 3 (September 2013) . - pp 1441 - 1454[article]Documents numériques
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Assessing the precision in loading estimates ... - pdf éditeurAdobe Acrobat PDF Supervised constrained optimization of Bayesian nonlocal means filter with sigma preselection for despeckling SAR images / Luis Gomez in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 51 n° 8 (August 2013)
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Titre : Supervised constrained optimization of Bayesian nonlocal means filter with sigma preselection for despeckling SAR images Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Luis Gomez, Auteur ; Cristian Munteanu, Auteur ; Maria Buemi, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 4563 - 4575 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image radar et applications
[Termes IGN] filtre de Bayer
[Termes IGN] filtre de déchatoiement
[Termes IGN] image radar moirée
[Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques)
[Termes IGN] varianceRésumé : (Auteur) Speckle reduction is an important problem in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image analysis. Recent years have seen how Bayesian filters emerge as the natural extension of the nonlocal means filters, providing a general framework to deal with multiplicative (speckle) noise. In this paper, we present an easy-to-use software tool applying an evolutionary algorithm to optimize a Bayesian nonlocal means filter with sigma preselection for denoising SAR images. The desired result is a filtered image having a significative reduction in its variance but preserving the original mean value of the noisy image. A mixed-integer constrained optimization problem is stated and solved with the human intervention, where the user assists the evolutionary algorithm to reduce the noisy image variance under the restriction of keeping the mean value of the noisy SAR image within a predetermined interval of acceptance. We apply the methodology to a set of synthetic and real SAR speckle corrupted images. The results through the evaluation of objective global and local quality criteria show the excellent potential of the proposal. Numéro de notice : A2013-421 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2269866 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2269866 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32559
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 51 n° 8 (August 2013) . - pp 4563 - 4575[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 065-2013081 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible On the formulation of the alternative hypothesis for geodetic outlier detection / Rüdiger Lehmann in Journal of geodesy, vol 87 n° 4 (April 2013)PermalinkFourier-series representation and projection of spherical harmonic functions / H. Cheong in Journal of geodesy, vol 86 n° 11 (November 2012)PermalinkAbleitung von Bewegungsstrategien zur automatisierten, vollständigen Vermessung von Innerraumszenen auf autonom navigierender Plattform / Alexander Fietz (2012)PermalinkPotentialities of multifrequency ionospheric correction in Global Navigation Satellite Systems / B. Kim in Journal of geodesy, vol 85 n° 3 (March 2011)PermalinkEfficient estimation of variance and covariance components : A case study for GPS stochastic model evaluation / B. Li in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 49 n° 1 Tome 1 (January 2011)PermalinkApplying time-dependent variance-based global sensitivity analysis to represent the dynamics of an agent-based model of land use change / A. Ligmann-Zielinska in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°11-12 (december 2010)PermalinkThe combination of GNSS-levelling data and gravimetric (quasi-) geoid heights in the presence of noise / R. Klees in Journal of geodesy, vol 84 n° 12 (December 2010)PermalinkCombinaison linéaire et l'intérêt de la troisième fréquence pour le positionnement en double différence par GPS / L. Tabti in XYZ, n° 124 (septembre - novembre 2010)PermalinkAnalyse des séries temporelles SLR du géocentre et des EOP basées sur les mesures des satellites LAGEOS1/2 et Starlette / Bachir Gourine in Bulletin des sciences géographiques, n° 25 (juin 2010)PermalinkThe Forward Propagation of Integrated System Component Errors within Airborne Lidar Data / T. Goulden in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 76 n° 5 (May 2010)Permalink