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Detection and mitigation of GNSS spoofing via the pseudorange difference between epochs in a multicorrelator receiver / Xiangyong Shang in GPS solutions, vol 26 n° 2 (April 2022)  

Public [article]  inGPS solutions > vol 26 n° 2 (April 2022) . - n° 37 Titre : Detection and mitigation of GNSS spoofing via the pseudorange difference between epochs in a multicorrelator receiver Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Xiangyong Shang, Auteur ; Fuping Sun, Auteur ; Lundong Zhang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 37 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement du signal [Termes IGN] anti-leurrage [Termes IGN] atténuation du signal [Termes IGN] brouillage [Termes IGN] détection de leurrage [Termes IGN] détection du signal [Termes IGN] filtre de Kalman [Termes IGN] mesurage de pseudo-distance [Termes IGN] méthode du maximum de vraisemblance (estimation) [Termes IGN] qualité du signal [Termes IGN] récepteur GNSS [Termes IGN] signal GNSS Résumé : (auteur) Spoofing attacks have become an increasing threat to global navigation satellite system receivers. Existing anti-spoofing algorithms concentrate on the detection of these attacks; however, they are unable to prevent the counterfeit signal, which causes false position and timing results. Some defense techniques require the assistance of other sensors or measurement devices located at different positions. These impose many restrictions on the practical applications of anti-spoofing algorithms. In this study, the multicorrelator estimator, designed initially to prevent multipath signals, is applied to detect and mitigate spoofing. A statistic is proposed for spoofing detection based on the code phase difference between counterfeit and authentic signals. This statistic can significantly reduce the rate of false and missed alarms. Assuming there is no spoofing at the beginning, the pseudorange difference between epochs is derived for spoofing validation, allowing spoofing suppression in a single receiver. Based on this study, an estimation-validation-mitigation structure is presented. A robust extended Kalman filter is proposed to reduce gross errors in the multicorrelator measurements and improve estimation accuracy. Public-spoofing datasets recorded in real environments were used to verify the performance of different parameters. A total of 81 complex correlators were introduced in the experiments. Results show that using the proposed scheme, the position or time offsets caused by spoofing drop from 600 m to approximately 20 m, and the spoofing is mitigated considerably. The proposed method provides an effective anti-spoofing structure that requires only a single antenna and does not require additional sensors. Numéro de notice : A2022-108 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10291-022-01224-4 Date de publication en ligne : 16/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-022-01224-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99610 [article]

Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitable water vapor using ANFIS and comparison against voxel-based tomography and radiosonde / Mir Reza Ghaffari Razin in GPS solutions, vol 26 n° 1 (January 2022)  

Public [article]  inGPS solutions > vol 26 n° 1 (January 2022) . - n° 1 Titre : Spatiotemporal analysis of precipitable water vapor using ANFIS and comparison against voxel-based tomography and radiosonde Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mir Reza Ghaffari Razin, Auteur ; Samed Inyurt, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 1 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] Inférence floue [Termes IGN] modélisation spatio-temporelle [Termes IGN] positionnement ponctuel précis [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] radiosondage [Termes IGN] retard troposphérique zénithal [Termes IGN] station GPS [Termes IGN] vapeur d'eau [Termes IGN] voxel Résumé : (auteur) Water vapor (WV) is one of the most important parameters in meteorological studies. Using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), a new method has been proposed for spatiotemporal modeling of precipitable WV (PWV). In a first step, the tropospheric zenith wet delay (ZWD) is calculated using the observations of 23 GPS stations in the northwest of Iran. Out of these 23 stations, 21 stations for training and 2 stations for testing and validating were selected. The observations are for 15 days, ranging from day of year (DOY) 300 to 314 in 2011. The reason for choosing this area and time interval is the availability of a complete set of data. Then, the values of ZWD are converted to PWV. The PWV values obtained from this step are considered as the output of the ANFIS. Also, the latitude and longitude values of the GPS stations, the DOY, observational time (min), temperature (T), pressure (P), and relative humidity (RH) are considered input to ANFIS. The ANFIS network is trained using the back-propagation algorithm. After the training step, the PWV values are evaluated at 2 test stations, KLBR and GGSH, and at Tabriz radiosonde station (38.08° N, 46.28°E). For a more accurate evaluation, all the results of the new method are compared with the voxel-based tomography model. The evaluation of the results is performed using the relative error, standard deviation, correlation coefficient, and root-mean-square error (RMSE). Also, precise point positioning (PPP) is used to better evaluate the proposed model at test stations. The value of the correlation coefficient at the radiosonde station for the ANFIS and voxel is 0.90 and 0.87, respectively. Also, the minimum RMSE calculated for the ANFIS and voxel are 1.02 and 1.06 mm, respectively. In the PPP analysis, an improvement of about 4 mm is observed in the coordinates of the test stations using ANFIS. The results confirm the capability and high accuracy of the proposed model in determining the temporal and spatial variations of PWV. Numéro de notice : A2022-003 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s10291-021-01184-1 Date de publication en ligne : 19/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01184-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98828 [article]

A multi-layer perceptron neural network to mitigate the interference of time synchronization attacks in stationary GPS receivers / N. Orouji in GPS solutions, vol 25 n° 3 (July 2021)  

Public [article]  inGPS solutions > vol 25 n° 3 (July 2021) . - Article 84 Titre : A multi-layer perceptron neural network to mitigate the interference of time synchronization attacks in stationary GPS receivers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : N. Orouji, Auteur ; M. R. Mosavi, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : Article 84 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement [Termes IGN] décalage d'horloge [Termes IGN] horloge du récepteur [Termes IGN] méthode robuste [Termes IGN] Perceptron multicouche [Termes IGN] précision des données [Termes IGN] récepteur GPS [Termes IGN] station GPS [Termes IGN] synchronisation Résumé : (Auteur) Accurate timing is one of the key features of the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is employed in many critical infrastructures. Any imprecise time measurement in GPS-based structures, such as smart power grids, economic activities, and communication towers, can lead to disastrous results. The vulnerability of the stationary GPS receivers to the time synchronization attacks (TSAs) jeopardizes the GPS timing precision and trust level. In the past few years, studies suggested the adoption of estimators to follow the authentic trend of the clock offset information under attack conditions. However, the estimators would lose track of the authentic signal without proper knowledge of the signal characteristics. Therefore, a multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLP NN) is proposed to follow the trend of the data. The main difference between the proposed method and typical estimators is the reliance of the network on the training information consisting of signal features. The proposed MLP NN performance has been evaluated through two real-world datasets and two well-known types of TSA. The root mean square error results exhibit an improvement of at least six times compared to other conventional and state-of-art methods. Numéro de notice : A2021-331 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s10291-021-01124-z Date de publication en ligne : 05/04/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01124-z Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97501 [article]

Refining MODIS NIR atmospheric water vapor retrieval algorithm using GPS-derived water vapor data / Jia He in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 59 n° 5 (May 2021)  

Public [article]  inIEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 59 n° 5 (May 2021) . - pp 3682 - 3694 Titre : Refining MODIS NIR atmospheric water vapor retrieval algorithm using GPS-derived water vapor data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jia He, Auteur ; Zhizhao Liu, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 3682 - 3694 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] Amérique du nord [Termes IGN] données météorologiques [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] image Terra-MODIS [Termes IGN] modèle de régression [Termes IGN] modèle de transfert radiatif [Termes IGN] précision des données [Termes IGN] station GPS [Termes IGN] vapeur d'eau Résumé : (Auteur) A new algorithm of retrieving atmospheric water vapor from MODIS near-infrared (IR) (NIR) data by using a regression fitting method based on Global Positioning System (GPS)-derived water vapor is developed in this work. The algorithm has been used to retrieve total column water vapor from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellites both Terra and Aqua under cloud-free conditions from solar radiation in the NIR channels. Water vapor data estimated from GPS observations recorded from 2003 to 2017 by the SuomiNet GPS network over the western North America are used as ground truth references. The GPS stations were classified into six subsets based on the surface types adopted from MCD12Q1 IGBP legend. The differences in surface types are considered in the regression fitting procedure, thus different regression functions are trained for different surface types. Thus, the wet bias in the operational MODIS water vapor products has been significantly reduced. Water vapor retrieved from each of the three absorption channels and the weighted water vapor of combined three absorption channels are analyzed. Validation shows that the weighted water vapor performs better than the single-channel results. Compared to the MODIS/Terra water vapor products, the RMSE has been reduced by 50.78% to 2.229 mm using the two-channel ratio transmittance method and has been reduced by 53.06% to 2.126 mm using the three-channel ratio transmittance method. Compared to the MODIS/Aqua water vapor products, the RMSE has been reduced by 45.54% to 2.423 mm using the two-channel ratio transmittance method and has been reduced by 45.34% to 2.432 mm using the three-channel ratio transmittance method. Numéro de notice : A2021-338 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2020.3016655 Date de publication en ligne : 24/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2020.3016655 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97569 [article]

Les stations virtuelles au service de la cartographie mobile / Mathieu Regul in XYZ, n° 165 (décembre 2020)

Public [article]  inXYZ > n° 165 (décembre 2020) . - pp 41 - 46 Titre : Les stations virtuelles au service de la cartographie mobile Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mathieu Regul, Auteur ; Florian Birot, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 46 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] auscultation d'ouvrage [Termes IGN] base de données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] calcul d'itinéraire [Termes IGN] données GNSS [Termes IGN] données laser [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] instrumentation Riegl [Termes IGN] jumeau numérique [Termes IGN] semis de points [Termes IGN] station virtuelle [Termes IGN] surveillance d'ouvrage [Termes IGN] système de numérisation mobile [Termes IGN] voie ferrée Résumé : (Auteur) SNCF Réseau utilise les scanners laser 3D depuis plus de dix ans. L'utilisation des nuages de points et des scanners laser (statiques et dynamiques) a permis d'augmenter les rendements des relevés et de fiabiliser bon nombre de traitements. En 2013, la division Assistance Travaux et Topographie (ATT) s’est équipée d’un scanner laser dynamique RiEGL VMX-450, devenant ainsi le premier gestionnaire d’infrastructures au monde à s’équiper de cette technologie. En 2019, SNCF Réseau a équipé trois engins de mesures avec des systèmes scanners laser dynamique RiEGL New VMX-Rail afin de permettre une numérisation continue et cyclique du réseau ferré national. Les données ainsi récoltées permettent de maintenir à jour la base des obstacles du réseau ainsi que de cartographier ce dernier. Ces données forment également le socle du jumeau numérique du réseau ferré national. Le volume de données collecté grandissant sans cesse jusqu’à atteindre 200 000 km par an depuis 2020, il a été nécessaire de faire évoluer toutes les méthodologies d’acquisition et de calcul des nuages 3D issus des systèmes de cartographie mobile. Numéro de notice : A2020-772 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtSansCL DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96664 [article]

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