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Mixture effect on radial stem and shoot growth differs and varies with temperature / Maude Toïgo in Forest ecology and management, vol 488 (May-15 2021)
[article]
Titre : Mixture effect on radial stem and shoot growth differs and varies with temperature Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maude Toïgo, Auteur ; Gaël Ledoux, Auteur ; Soline Martin-Blangy, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119046 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Alpes (France)
[Termes IGN] climat
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] indice de stress
[Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé
[Termes IGN] Quercus pubescens
[Termes IGN] température
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) The effect of species diversity on forest productivity and its temporal stability is known to be species-, climate- and site- dependent and is mostly apprehended through stem diameter. Therefore, it remains largely unknown whether the mixture effect on the growth of tree crowns is similar to its effect on the growth of tree diameter. However, it is commonly accepted that changes in crown architecture are an important component of tree response to tree species diversity. Moreover, the mixture effect on species is often asymmetric, i.e. the effect of a species A on a species B is not equal to the effect of species B on A. It then appears that considering the effects of both species mixture and climate on shoot growth could contrast the results coming mainly from stem growth. We studied the effects of tree species mixture and temperature on the annual growth of shoots and basal area of stems in Fagus sylvatica-Quercus pubescens and Fagus sylvatica-Abies alba stands along a Mediterranean-Alpine gradient, for four years in five sites. The sample design was organized in 10 triplets: four triplets of mono- and bi-specific plots of Quercus pubescens and Fagus sylvatica and six triplets of mono- and bi-specific plots of Abies alba and Fagus sylvatica along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 725 m to 1431 m. We found that the mixture effect on annual shoot volume increment (SVI) and on basal area increment (BAI) was asymmetrical in seven out of 10 cases and not significant in the three remaining cases. Mixture effect on SVI ranked from −56% to 157% and on BAI it ranked from −40% to 252%. Eventually we found that mixture effect was dependent on the type of limiting factor for growth, with at the driest sites a predominance of competition effects and at the coldest site a positive mixture effect on the two species studied. Branch growth appears as a variable that can be at least as informative as radial growth regarding the tree response to species interactions. This implies that considering only stem diameter in the diversity-productivity relationship can lead to biased conclusions on the global mixture effect on tree growth, which calls for a comprehensive approach of the tree response to tree species diversity. Our results are discussed in the light of the species stress tolerances and strategies to cope with competition. Numéro de notice : A2021-357 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119046 Date de publication en ligne : 26/02/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119046 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97615
in Forest ecology and management > vol 488 (May-15 2021) . - n° 119046[article]Numerical modelling for analysis of the effect of different urban green spaces on urban heat load patterns in the present and in the future / Tamás Gál in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 87 (May 2021)
[article]
Titre : Numerical modelling for analysis of the effect of different urban green spaces on urban heat load patterns in the present and in the future Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tamás Gál, Auteur ; Sándor István Mahó, Auteur ; Norà Skarbit, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 101600 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] climat urbain
[Termes IGN] espace vert
[Termes IGN] flore urbaine
[Termes IGN] forêt périurbaine
[Termes IGN] forêt urbaine
[Termes IGN] Hongrie
[Termes IGN] ilot thermique urbain
[Termes IGN] image à haute résolution
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] modèle dynamique
[Termes IGN] parc urbain
[Termes IGN] planification urbaine
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solRésumé : (auteur) This paper focuses on urban green spaces in terms of climate and human thermal comfort containing their effect on heat load mitigation. It incorporates a modelling study in which the role of green spaces was investigated in terms of heat stress modification by applying MUKLIMO_3 model. During the experiment, the thermal effects of dense trees, scattered trees, grasslands and mixed green infrastructure has been investigated in the case of Szeged (Hungary) and assessed using different climate indices. The investigations encompassed 3 climatological time periods (1981–2010, 2021–2050 and 2071–2100) and two emission scenarios for future climate (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). It was found that urban green spaces (e.g. parks) generally cool the environment, although, the cooling potential of the different green types differs. The highest reduction of heat load was found in the case of large urban parks comprising of dense trees near the downtown. The spatial extension of detected cooling was found small. However, it would increase during the future, especially in the case of grasslands. For urban planners, it is highly recommended to introduce new green sites within a city and to increase the spatial extension of the existing ones to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change in the urban environment. Numéro de notice : A2021-276 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101600 Date de publication en ligne : 25/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101600 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97362
in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 87 (May 2021) . - n° 101600[article]Towards silviculture guidelines to produce large-sized silver birch (betula pendula roth) logs in Western Europe / Héloïse Dubois in Forests, vol 12 n° 5 (May 2021)
[article]
Titre : Towards silviculture guidelines to produce large-sized silver birch (betula pendula roth) logs in Western Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Héloïse Dubois, Auteur ; Hugues Claessens, Auteur ; Gauthier Ligot, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 599 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Betula pendula
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] densité du bois
[Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine
[Termes IGN] Hauts-de-France (région 2016)
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] tronc
[Termes IGN] Wallonie (Belgique)
[Vedettes matières IGN] ForesterieRésumé : (auteur) Forest health problems arising from climate change, pests and pathogens are a threat to the main timber tree species. As a result, silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) has become a precious asset for meeting oncoming forestry challenges in western Europe. However, silviculture guidelines to produce high-value birch logs in this region are lacking. Producing large-sized birch trunks requires crown release, i.e., removing crown competitors around selected target trees. These interventions are currently seldom carried out or else too late when the growth potential of the trees has already diminished. This study set out to ascertain the diameter at breast height (dbh) that could be reached by crown-released birch, determine dbh-associated crown diameters, and further characterize the gain obtained from early crown release on birch dbh growth. We measured 704 birch trees that had undergone crown release in 38 naturally regenerated pure birch stands in southern Belgium and in northeastern France. We then evaluated the variation in stem and crown diameter, and analyzed increments in response to the earliness of the interventions in three subsamples, also compared with control target birch. We found that trees with a dbh of 50 cm could be grown within 60 years. Based on crown diameter, to produce 40, 50 and 60 cm dbh trunk, the distance required between target birch trees at the end of the rotation was around 8, 10 and 12 m. With no intervention and in ordinary dense birch regenerations, the dbh increment was found to decline once the stand reached age 4–7 years. Starting crown release in stands aged 4–5 years can double the dbh increment of target trees and provide a continual gain that may last up to 20 years. When birch crowns are released after 9–12 years, it may already be too late for them to recover their best growth rate. Our contribution should help complete emerging guidelines in support of birch silviculture development. Numéro de notice : A2021-401 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12050599 Date de publication en ligne : 11/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050599 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97703
in Forests > vol 12 n° 5 (May 2021) . - n° 599[article]An iterative-mode scan design of terrestrial laser scanning in forests for minimizing occlusion effects / Linyuan Li in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 59 n° 4 (April 2021)
[article]
Titre : An iterative-mode scan design of terrestrial laser scanning in forests for minimizing occlusion effects Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Linyuan Li, Auteur ; Xihan Mu, Auteur ; Maxime Soma, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 3547 - 3566 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] détection de partie cachée
[Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine
[Termes IGN] données de terrain
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] itération
[Termes IGN] semis de pointsRésumé : (auteur) Occlusion effect, an inherent problem of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements, limits the potential of TLS data in tree attribute estimation. Multiple scans seek to mitigate this effect to provide enhanced scan completeness. However, the numbers and locations of the scans (i.e., the scan design) are usually determined via a subjective assessment of the tree density, spatial patterns of trees, and attributes to be derived. These could cause suboptimal scan completeness and limit tree attribute estimation. This study proposed an iterative-mode scan design to minimize the occlusion effect. First, we introduced a PoTo index based on visibility analysis to evaluate how many trees can be scanned from a location and to select effective candidates for the optimal TLS location. Second, we introduced a cumulative degree of ring closure (CDRC) to quantify the scan completeness for each candidate and determine the optimal TLS location. The TLS data sets of virtual forests with field-measured and synthetic plot parameter settings were simulated according to iterative- and regular-mode designs by using a Heidelberg light detection and ranging (LiDAR) Operations Simulator (HELIOS). The results demonstrated that an iterative-mode design can improve the scan completeness of trees compared to the regular-mode design. The tree attribute (diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, stem curve, and crown volume) estimates of the iterative-mode design were less erroneous than those of the regular-mode design (e.g., the root-mean-square error (RMSE) could decrease the stem curve estimation by 38% and the crown volume estimation by 15%). This study suggests that the iterative-mode design can obtain an improved quality of the TLS data, especially for dense stands. Numéro de notice : A2021-288 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2020.3018643 Date de publication en ligne : 10/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2020.3018643 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97397
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 59 n° 4 (April 2021) . - pp 3547 - 3566[article]Automated street tree inventory using mobile LiDAR point clouds based on Hough transform and active contours / Amir Hossein Safaie in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 174 (April 2021)
[article]
Titre : Automated street tree inventory using mobile LiDAR point clouds based on Hough transform and active contours Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Amir Hossein Safaie, Auteur ; Heidar Rastiveis, Auteur ; Alireza Shams, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 19 - 34 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] arbre remarquable
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] détection d'arbres
[Termes IGN] détection de contours
[Termes IGN] diagramme de Voronoï
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes)
[Termes IGN] sécurité routière
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] transformation de HoughRésumé : (auteur) Trees are important road-side objects, and their geometric information plays an essential role in road studies and safety analyses. This paper proposes an efficient method for the automated creation of a road-side tree inventory using Mobile Terrestrial Lidar System (MTLS) point clouds. In the proposed method ground points are filtered through preprocessing to reduce processing time. Next, tree trunks are detected by performing a Hough Transform (HT) algorithm on several generated raster images from the point clouds. By initiating an approximate area of a tree’s foliage through a Voronoi Tessellation (VT) algorithm, the accurate boundary of the foliage is identified by applying Active Contour (AC) models. By extracting the points within this foliage boundary the geometric characteristics of each tree are obtained. This method was evaluated with two sample point clouds from different MTLS systems, and the algorithm correctly extracted all of the trees from both datasets. Additionally, comparing the calculated parameters with manually observed measures, the accuracy of the obtained geometric parameters were promising. Numéro de notice : A2021-206 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.01.026 Date de publication en ligne : 14/02/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.01.026 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97183
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 174 (April 2021) . - pp 19 - 34[article]Réservation
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