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Assessing the effects of thinning on stem growth allocation of individual Scots pine trees / Ninni Saarinen in Forest ecology and management, vol 474 ([15/10/2020])  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 474 [15/10/2020] . - 14 p. Titre : Assessing the effects of thinning on stem growth allocation of individual Scots pine trees Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ninni Saarinen, Auteur ; Ville Kankare, Auteur ; Tuomas Yrttimaa, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 14 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] croissance végétale [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion forestière [Termes descripteurs IGN] image captée par drone [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] reconstruction 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] semis de points [Termes descripteurs IGN] tronc Résumé : (auteur) Forest management alters the growing conditions and thus further development of trees. However, quantitative assessment of forest management on tree growth has been demanding as methodologies for capturing changes comprehensively in space and time have been lacking. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has shown to be capable of providing three-dimensional (3D) tree stem reconstructions required for revealing differences between stem shapes and sizes. In this study, we used 3D reconstructions of tree stems from TLS and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to investigate how varying thinning treatments and the following growth effects affected stem shape and size of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees. The results showed that intensive thinning resulted in more stem volume and therefore total biomass allocation and carbon uptake compared to the moderate thinning. Relationship between tree height and diameter at breast height (i.e. slenderness) varied between both thinning intensity and type (i.e. from below and above) indicating differing response to thinning and allocation of stem growth of Scots pine trees. Furthermore, intensive thinning, especially from below, produced less variation in relative stem attributes characterizing stem shape and size. Thus, it can be concluded that thinning intensity, type, and the following growth effects have an impact on post-thinning stem shape and size of Scots pine trees. Our study presented detailed measurements on post-thinning stem growth of Scots pines that have been laborious or impracticable before the emergence of detailed 3D technologies. Moreover, the stem reconstructions from TLS and UAV provided variety of attributes characterizing stem shape and size that have not traditionally been feasible to obtain. The study demonstrated that detailed 3D technologies, such as TLS and UAV, provide information that can be used to generate new knowledge for supporting forest management and silviculture as well as improving ecological understanding of boreal forests. Numéro de notice : A2020-623 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118344 date de publication en ligne : 29/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118344 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96020 [article]

3D reconstruction of internal wood decay using photogrammetry and sonic tomography / Junjie Zhang in Photogrammetric record, vol 35 n° 171 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inPhotogrammetric record > vol 35 n° 171 (September 2020) . - pp 357-374 Titre : 3D reconstruction of internal wood decay using photogrammetry and sonic tomography Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Junjie Zhang, Auteur ; Kourosh Khoshelham, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 357-374 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] dépérissement [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] interpolation spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] onde acoustique [Termes descripteurs IGN] qualité du bois [Termes descripteurs IGN] reconstruction 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] temps de vol [Termes descripteurs IGN] tomographie [Termes descripteurs IGN] tronc [Termes descripteurs IGN] visualisation 3D Résumé : (Auteur) Knowledge of deteriorations within tree trunks is critical for arborists to conduct individual tree health assessments. Sonic tree tomography, a non‐destructive technique using sound waves, has been widely used to estimate the size and shape of internal decay based on sound wave velocity variations. However, it has commonly been applied to 2D horizontal or vertical cross sections and its accuracy is questionable due to the poor approximation of the shape of the cross section. This paper proposes an integration of close‐range photogrammetry and sonic tomography to enable accurate reconstruction of the exterior and interior of the tree trunk in 3D. The internal wood quality is represented by the spatially interpolated sound wave velocities, using the time of flight of the sound waves and the coordinates of the acoustic sensors obtained from the photogrammetric model. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides a realistic 3D visualisation of the size, shape and location of the internal deteriorations. Numéro de notice : A2020-436 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/phor.12328 date de publication en ligne : 06/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/phor.12328 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95842 [article]

Under-canopy UAV laser scanning for accurate forest field measurements / Eric Hyyppä in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 164 (June 2020)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 164 (June 2020) . - pp 41 - 60 Titre : Under-canopy UAV laser scanning for accurate forest field measurements Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Eric Hyyppä, Auteur ; Juha Hyyppä, Auteur ; Teemu Hakala, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 60 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] balayage laser [Termes descripteurs IGN] canopée [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité du bois [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] erreur moyenne quadratique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur à la base du houppier [Termes descripteurs IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] image captée par drone [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier local [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de croissance [Termes descripteurs IGN] semis de points [Termes descripteurs IGN] Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping [Termes descripteurs IGN] télédétection aérienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] télémètre laser terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] télémétrie laser aéroporté [Termes descripteurs IGN] tronc Résumé : (auteur) Surveying and robotic technologies are converging, offering great potential for robotic-assisted data collection and support for labour intensive surveying activities. From a forest monitoring perspective, there are several technological and operational aspects to address concerning under-canopy flying unmanned airborne vehicles (UAV). To demonstrate this emerging technology, we investigated tree detection and stem curve estimation using laser scanning data obtained with an under-canopy flying UAV. To this end, we mounted a Kaarta Stencil-1 laser scanner with an integrated simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system on board an UAV that was manually piloted with the help of video goggles receiving a live video feed from the onboard camera of the UAV. Using the under-canopy flying UAV, we collected SLAM-corrected point cloud data in a boreal forest on two 32 m 32 m test sites that were characterized as sparse ( = 42 trees) and obstructed ( = 43 trees), respectively. Novel data processing algorithms were applied for the point clouds in order to detect the stems of individual trees and to extract their stem curves and diameters at breast height (DBH). The estimated tree attributes were compared against highly accurate field reference data that was acquired semi-manually with a multi-scan terrestrial laser scanner (TLS). The proposed method succeeded in detecting 93% of the stems in the sparse plot and 84% of the stems in the obstructed plot. In the sparse plot, the DBH and stem curve estimates had a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.60 cm (2.2%) and 1.2 cm (5.0%), respectively, whereas the corresponding values for the obstructed plot were 0.92 cm (3.1%) and 1.4 cm (5.2%). By combining the stem curves extracted from the under-canopy UAV laser scanning data with tree heights derived from above-canopy UAV laser scanning data, we computed stem volumes for the detected trees with a relative RMSE of 10.1% in both plots. Thus, the combination of under-canopy and above-canopy UAV laser scanning allowed us to extract the stem volumes with an accuracy comparable to the past best studies based on TLS in boreal forest conditions. Since the stems of several spruces located on the test sites suffered from severe occlusion and could not be detected with the stem-based method, we developed a separate work flow capable of detecting trees with occluded stems. The proposed work flow enabled us to detect 98% of trees in the sparse plot and 93% of the trees in the obstructed plot with a 100% correction level in both plots. A key benefit provided by the under-canopy UAV laser scanner is the short period of time required for data collection, currently demonstrated to be much faster than the time required for field measurements and TLS. The quality of the measurements acquired with the under-canopy flying UAV combined with the demonstrated efficiency indicates operational potential for supporting fast and accurate forest resource inventories. Numéro de notice : A2020-240 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.03.021 date de publication en ligne : 11/04/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2020.03.021 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94994 [article]

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Detecting and characterizing downed dead wood using terrestrial laser scanning / Tuomas Yrttimaa in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 151 (May 2019)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 151 (May 2019) . - pp 76 - 90 Titre : Detecting and characterizing downed dead wood using terrestrial laser scanning Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tuomas Yrttimaa, Auteur ; Ninni Saarinen, Auteur ; Ville Luoma, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 76 - 90 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] bois mort [Termes descripteurs IGN] détection d'arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] Finlande [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes descripteurs IGN] placette d'échantillonnage [Termes descripteurs IGN] qualité des données [Termes descripteurs IGN] Ransac (algorithme) [Termes descripteurs IGN] rastérisation [Termes descripteurs IGN] segmentation [Termes descripteurs IGN] semis de points [Termes descripteurs IGN] tronc [Termes descripteurs IGN] volume en bois Résumé : (Auteur) Dead wood is a key forest structural component for maintaining biodiversity and storing carbon. Despite its important role in a forest ecosystem, quantifying dead wood alongside standing trees has often neglected when investigating the feasibility of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in forest inventories. The objective of this study was therefore to develop an automatic method for detecting and characterizing downed dead wood with a diameter exceeding 5 cm using multi-scan TLS data. The developed four-stage algorithm included (1) RANSAC-cylinder filtering, (2) point cloud rasterization, (3) raster image segmentation, and (4) dead wood trunk positioning. For each detected trunk, geometry-related quality attributes such as dimensions and volume were automatically determined from the point cloud. For method development and validation, reference data were collected from 20 sample plots representing diverse southern boreal forest conditions. Using the developed method, the downed dead wood trunks were detected with an overall completeness of 33% and correctness of 76%. Up to 92% of the downed dead wood volume were detected at plot level with mean value of 68%. We were able to improve the detection accuracy of individual trunks with visual interpretation of the point cloud, in which case the overall completeness was increased to 72% with mean proportion of detected dead wood volume of 83%. Downed dead wood volume was automatically estimated with an RMSE of 15.0 m3/ha (59.3%), which was reduced to 6.4 m3/ha (25.3%) as visual interpretation was utilized to aid the trunk detection. The reliability of TLS-based dead wood mapping was found to increase as the dimensions of dead wood trunks increased. Dense vegetation caused occlusion and reduced the trunk detection accuracy. Therefore, when collecting the data, attention must be paid to the point cloud quality. Nevertheless, the results of this study strengthen the feasibility of TLS-based approaches in mapping biodiversity indicators by demonstrating an improved performance in quantifying ecologically most valuable downed dead wood in diverse forest conditions. Numéro de notice : A2019-205 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.03.007 date de publication en ligne : 16/03/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.03.007 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92668 [article]

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Measuring stem diameters with TLS in boreal forests by complementary fitting procedure / Timo P Pitkänen in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 147 (January 2019)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 147 (January 2019) . - pp 294 - 306 Titre : Measuring stem diameters with TLS in boreal forests by complementary fitting procedure Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Timo P Pitkänen, Auteur ; Pasi Raumonen, Auteur ; Annika S. Kangas, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 294 - 306 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] calcul automatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] chaîne de traitement [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] extraction d'arbres [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt boréale [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes descripteurs IGN] itération [Termes descripteurs IGN] méthode de mesure [Termes descripteurs IGN] Ransac (algorithme) [Termes descripteurs IGN] télémétrie laser terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] tronc Résumé : (auteur) Point clouds generated by terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) have enabled new ways to measure stem diameters. A common method for diameter calculation is to fit cylindrical or circular shapes into the TLS point cloud, which can be based either on a single scan or a co-registered combination of several scans. However, as various defects in the point cloud may affect the final diameter results, we propose an automatized processing chain which takes advantage of complementing steps. Processing consists of two fitting phases and an additional taper curve calculation to define the final diameter measurements. First, stems are detected from co-registered data of several scans using surface normals and cylinder fitting. This provides a robust framework for localizing the stems and estimating diameters at various heights. Then, guided by the cylinders and their indicative diameters, another fitting round is performed by cutting the stems into thin horizontal slices and reassessing their diameters by circular shape. For each slice, the quality of the cylinder-modelled diameter is evaluated first with co-registered data and if it is found to be deficient, potentially due to modelling defects or co-registration errors, diameter is detected through single scans. Finally, slice diameters are applied to construct a spline-based taper curve model for each tree, which is used to calculate the final stem dimensions. This methodology was tested in southern Finland using a set of 505 trees. At the breast height level (1.3 m), the results indicate 5.2 mm mean difference (3.2%), −0.4 mm bias (-0.3%) and 7.3 mm root mean squared error (4.4%) to reference measurements, and at the height of 6.0 m, respective values are 6.5 mm (3.6%), +1.6 mm (0.9%) and 8.4 mm (4.8%). These values are smaller compared to most of the corresponding contemporary studies, and outperform the initial cylinder models. This indicates that the applied processing chain is capable of producing relatively accurate diameter measurements, which can, at the cost of computational heaviness, remove various defects and improve the modelling results. Numéro de notice : A2019-039 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.11.027 date de publication en ligne : 08/12/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.11.027 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91976 [article]

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Reconstructing forest canopy from the 3D triangulations of airborne laser scanning point data for the visualization and planning of forested landscapes / Jari Vauhkonen in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 74 n° 1 (March 2017)  

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Feasibility of Terrestrial laser scanning for collecting stem volume information from single trees / Ninni Saarinen in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 123 (January 2017)  

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Quantifying early-seral forest composition with remote sensing / Rayma A Cooley in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 82 n° 11 (November 2016)  

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Stem quality assessment in European National Forest Inventories: an opportunity for harmonised reporting? / Michal Bosela in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 73 n° 3 (September 2016)  

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Within-stem maps of wood density and water content for characterization of species: a case study on three hardwood and two softwood species / Fleur Longuetaud in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 73 n° 3 (September 2016)  

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Basal area and diameter distribution estimation using stereoscopic hemispherical images / Mariola Sánchez-González in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 82 n° 8 (August 2016)  

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A review of forest and tree plantation biomass equations in Indonesia / Kamalakumari Anitha in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 72 n° 8 (December 2015)  

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Modeling aboveground tree woody biomass using national-scale allometric methods and airborne lidar / Qi Chen in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 106 (August 2015)  

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A Swedish case study on the prediction of detailed product recovery from individual stem profiles based on airborne laser scanning / Andreas Barth in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 72 n° 1 (January 2015)  

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Use of remotely sensed auxiliary data for improving sample-based forest inventories / Svetlana Saarela (2015)  

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