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Modelling the effect of landmarks on pedestrian dynamics in urban environments / Gabriele Filomena in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 86 (March 2021)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 86 (March 2021) . - n° 101573 Titre : Modelling the effect of landmarks on pedestrian dynamics in urban environments Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gabriele Filomena, Auteur ; Judith A. Verstegen, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 101573 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte cognitive [Termes descripteurs IGN] itinéraire piétionnier [Termes descripteurs IGN] Londres [Termes descripteurs IGN] milieu urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle orienté agent [Termes descripteurs IGN] navigation pédestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] point de repère Résumé : (auteur) Landmarks have been identified as relevant and prominent urban elements, explicitly involved in human navigation processes. Despite the understanding accumulated around their functions, landmarks have not been included in simulation models of pedestrian movement in urban environments. In this paper, we describe an Agent-Based Model (ABM) for pedestrian movement simulation that incorporates the role of on-route and distant landmarks in agents' route choice behaviour. Route choice models with and without landmarks were compared by using four scenarios: road distance minimisation, least cumulative angular change, road distance minimisation and landmarks, least cumulative angular change and landmarks. The city centre of London was used as a case study and a set of GPS trajectories was employed to evaluate the model. The introduction of landmarks led to more heterogeneous patterns that diverge from the minimisation models. Landmark-based navigation brought about high pedestrian volumes along the river (up to 13% of agents) and the boundaries of the parks (around 8% of the agents). Moreover, the model evaluation showed that the results of the landmark-based scenarios were not significantly different from the GPS trajectories in terms of cumulative landmarkness, whereas the other scenarios were. This implies that our proposed landmark-based route choice approach was better able to reproduce human navigation. At the street-segment level, the pedestrian volumes emerging from the scenarios were comparable to the trajectories' volumes in most of the case study area; yet, under- and over-estimation were observed along the banks of the rivers and across green areas (up to +7%, −11% of volumes) in the landmark-based scenarios, and along major roads (up to +11% of volumes) in the least cumulative angular change scenario. While our model could be expanded in relation to the agents' cognitive representation of the environment, e.g. by considering other relevant urban elements and accounting for individual spatial knowledge differences, the inclusion of landmarks in route choice models results in more plausible agents that make use of relevant urban information. Numéro de notice : A2021-118 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101573 date de publication en ligne : 13/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101573 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96943 [article]

Topological integration of BIM and geospatial water utility networks across the building envelope / Thomas Gilbert in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 86 (March 2021)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 86 (March 2021) . - n° 101570 Titre : Topological integration of BIM and geospatial water utility networks across the building envelope Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Thomas Gilbert, Auteur ; Philip James, Auteur ; Luke Smith, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 101570 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse multicritère [Termes descripteurs IGN] connexité (topologie) [Termes descripteurs IGN] empreinte [Termes descripteurs IGN] format Industry foudation classes IFC [Termes descripteurs IGN] infrastructure urbaine de données localisées [Termes descripteurs IGN] intégration de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] méthode heuristique [Termes descripteurs IGN] modélisation 3D du bâti BIM [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau de distribution d'eau [Termes descripteurs IGN] Royaume-Uni Résumé : (auteur) Utility networks comprise a fundamental part of our complex urban systems and the integration of digital representations of these networks across multiple spatial scales can be used to help address priority challenges. Deteriorating water utility infrastructure and low routing redundancy result in network fragility and thus supply outages when assets fail. Water distribution network configurations can be optimised for higher resilience but digital representations of the networks used for simulations and analyses are not integrated with the finer scale networks inside buildings. This integration is hindered by differences in conceptualisation and semantics employed by the relevant data standards. We suggest that the geospatial and geometric data contained in Building Information Modelling (BIM) and water distribution network (WDN) models can be used for their integration; and that this supports the use cases of optimising dynamic network partitioning, reducing the risk of underground utility strikes and planning for future network configurations with higher topological redundancy. In this study, we develop and demonstrate the application of a weight-based spatial algorithm for inferring water network connections between urban-scale WDNs and BIM models, showing that spatial data can be used in the absence of complete or consistent semantic representations. We suggest that the method has potential for transferability to infrastructure for other utility resources (such as waste water, electricity and gas) and make recommendations such as standardising the representation of connection points between disjoint utility network models and extending the normal practical spatial remit of BIM MEP modelling to encompass the space between buildings and WDNs. Numéro de notice : A2021-119 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101570 date de publication en ligne : 16/12/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101570 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96944 [article]

The potential of LiDAR and UAV-photogrammetric data analysis to interpret archaeological sites: A case study of Chun Castle in South-West England / Israa Kadhim in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 10 n° 1 (January 2021)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 10 n° 1 (January 2021) . - n° 41 Titre : The potential of LiDAR and UAV-photogrammetric data analysis to interpret archaeological sites: A case study of Chun Castle in South-West England Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Israa Kadhim, Auteur ; Fanar M. Abed, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 41 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] château [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification ISODATA [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par séparateurs à vaste marge [Termes descripteurs IGN] Cornouailles [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] image captée par drone [Termes descripteurs IGN] photogrammétrie aérienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] semis de points [Termes descripteurs IGN] site archéologique [Termes descripteurs IGN] structure-from-motion [Termes descripteurs IGN] télédétection Résumé : (auteur) With the increasing demands to use remote sensing approaches, such as aerial photography, satellite imagery, and LiDAR in archaeological applications, there is still a limited number of studies assessing the differences between remote sensing methods in extracting new archaeological finds. Therefore, this work aims to critically compare two types of fine-scale remotely sensed data: LiDAR and an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) derived Structure from Motion (SfM) photogrammetry. To achieve this, aerial imagery and airborne LiDAR datasets of Chun Castle were acquired, processed, analyzed, and interpreted. Chun Castle is one of the most remarkable ancient sites in Cornwall County (Southwest England) that had not been surveyed and explored by non-destructive techniques. The work outlines the approaches that were applied to the remotely sensed data to reveal potential remains: Visualization methods (e.g., hillshade and slope raster images), ISODATA clustering, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. The results display various archaeological remains within the study site that have been successfully identified. Applying multiple methods and algorithms have successfully improved our understanding of spatial attributes within the landscape. The outcomes demonstrate how raster derivable from inexpensive approaches can be used to identify archaeological remains and hidden monuments, which have the possibility to revolutionize archaeological understanding. Numéro de notice : A2021-146 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi10010041 date de publication en ligne : 19/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10010041 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97053 [article]

Exploring the heterogeneity of human urban movements using geo-tagged tweets / Ding Ma in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 12 (December 2020)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 34 n° 12 (December 2020) . - pp 2475 -2 496 Titre : Exploring the heterogeneity of human urban movements using geo-tagged tweets Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ding Ma, Auteur ; Toshihiro Osaragi, Auteur ; Takuya Oki, Auteur ; Bin Jiang, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 2475 -2 496 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes descripteurs IGN] espace urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] flux de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] géoétiquetage [Termes descripteurs IGN] géolocalisation [Termes descripteurs IGN] hétérogénéité [Termes descripteurs IGN] Londres [Termes descripteurs IGN] migration humaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle orienté agent [Termes descripteurs IGN] population urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] Tokyo (Japon) [Termes descripteurs IGN] Twitter Résumé : (auteur) The availability of vast amounts of location-based data from social media platforms such as Twitter has enabled us to look deeply into the dynamics of human movement. The aim of this paper is to leverage a large collection of geo-tagged tweets and the street networks of two major metropolitan areas—London and Tokyo—to explore the underlying mechanism that determines the heterogeneity of human mobility patterns. For the two target cities, hundreds of thousands of tweet locations and road segments were processed to generate city hotspots and natural streets. User movement trajectories and city hotspots were then used to build a hotspot network capable of quantitatively characterizing the heterogeneous movement patterns of people within the cities. To emulate observed movement patterns, the study conducts a two-level agent-based simulation that includes random walks through the hotspot networks and movements in the street networks using each of three distance types—metric, angular and combined. Comparisons of the simulated and observed movement flows at the segment and street levels show that the heterogeneity of human urban movements at the collective level is mainly shaped by the scaling structure of the urban space. Numéro de notice : A2020-692 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2020.1718153 date de publication en ligne : 24/01/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2020.1718153 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96233 [article]

Decentralized markets and the emergence of housing wealth inequality / Omar A. Guerrero in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 84 (November 2020)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 84 (November 2020) . - n° 101541 Titre : Decentralized markets and the emergence of housing wealth inequality Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Omar A. Guerrero, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 101541 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse socio-économique [Termes descripteurs IGN] bien immobilier [Termes descripteurs IGN] coefficient de Gini [Termes descripteurs IGN] évaluation foncière [Termes descripteurs IGN] inégalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] logement [Termes descripteurs IGN] marché foncier [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle orienté agent [Termes descripteurs IGN] patrimoine immobilier [Termes descripteurs IGN] propriété foncière [Termes descripteurs IGN] Royaume-Uni Résumé : (auteur) Recent studies suggest that the traditional determinants of housing wealth are insufficient to explain its current inequality levels. Thus, they argue that efforts should focus on understanding institutional factors. From the perspective of complex adaptive systems, institutions are more than the ‘the rules of the game’, they also consider the interaction protocols or the ‘algorithm’ through which agents engage in socioeconomic activities. By viewing markets as complex adaptive systems, I develop a model that allows estimating how much housing wealth inequality is attributable to the market institution. It combines virtues from two different modeling traditions: (1) the microeconomic foundations from overlapping-generation models and (2) the explicit interaction protocols of agent-based models. Overall, the model generates prices and housing inequality endogenously and from bottom-up; without needing to impose assumptions about the aggregate behavior of the market (such as market equilibrium). It accounts for economic and institutional factors that are important to housing consumption decisions (e.g., wages, consumption of goods, non-labor income, government transfers, taxes, etc.). I calibrate the model with the British Wealth and Assets Survey at the level of each individual household (i.e., ~25 million agents). By performing counter-factual simulations that control for data heterogeneity, I estimate that, in the United Kingdom, the decentralized protocol interaction of the housing market contributes with one to two thirds of the Gini coefficient. I perform policy experiments and compare the outcomes between an expansion in the housing stock, a sales tax, and an inheritance tax. The results raise concerns about the limitations of traditional policies and call for a careful re-examination of housing wealth inequality. Numéro de notice : A2020-711 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101541 date de publication en ligne : 26/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101541 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96268 [article]

Streets of London: Using Flickr and OpenStreetMap to build an interactive image of the city / Azam Raha Bahrehdar in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 84 (November 2020)  

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Combined InSAR and terrestrial structural monitoring of bridges / Sivasakthy Selvakumaran in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 58 n° 10 (October 2020)  

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Urban flooding in Britain: an approach to comparing ancient and contemporary flood exposure / T.E. O'Shea in Natural Hazards, Vol 104 n° 1 (October 2020)  

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A name‐led approach to profile urban places based on geotagged Twitter data / Juntao Lai in Transactions in GIS, Vol 24 n° 4 (August 2020)  

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What influences the long-term development of mixtures in British forests? / William L. Mason in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)  

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Estimating spatio-temporal air temperature in London (UK) using machine learning and earth observation satellite data / Rochelle Schneider dos Santos in International journal of applied Earth observation and geoinformation, vol 88 (June 2020)  

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Street-Frontage-Net: urban image classification using deep convolutional neural networks / Stephen Law in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 4 (April 2020)  

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Interactive display of surnames distributions in historic and contemporary Great Britain / Justin Van Dijk in Journal of maps, vol 16 n° 1 ([02/01/2020])  

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Exploring the synergy between Landsat and ASAR towards improving thematic mapping accuracy of optical EO data / Alexander Cass in Applied geomatics, vol 11 n° 3 (September 2019)  

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Improving public data for building segmentation from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for fused airborne lidar and image data using active contours / David Griffiths in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 154 (August 2019)  

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