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Forest floor bryophyte and lichen diversity in Scots pine and Norway spruce production forests / Lisa Petersson in Forest ecology and management, vol 493 (1st August 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 493 (1st August 2021) . - n° 119210 Titre : Forest floor bryophyte and lichen diversity in Scots pine and Norway spruce production forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lisa Petersson, Auteur ; Staffan Nilsson, Auteur ; Emma Hölmstrom, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119210 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Bryophyte [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] lichen [Termes IGN] phytosociologie [Termes IGN] Picea abies [Termes IGN] Pinophyta [Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes IGN] sol forestier [Termes IGN] Suède [Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestière Résumé : (auteur) Bryophytes and lichens are two main components of the forest floor vegetation. They provide essential ecosystem services, including nutrient recycling and water regulation. Here, we contrast the species richness, cover and community composition of forest floor bryophytes and lichens in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominated production forests. The study sites were located in the hemiboreal zone of southern Sweden, and represented early-, mid- and late rotation stands. Our aim was to examine the potential consequences for forest floor biodiversity from the decreasing use of Scots pine production forests in this region. Whereas Scots pine and Norway spruce stands did not differ in bryophyte cover, we found a higher cover of lichens in Scots pine stands, and highest in the intermediate aged stands. Also the species richness of lichens was higher in the Scots pine stands, while bryophyte species richness was higher in the Norway spruce stands. Differences in canopy cover and associated light transmittance to the forest floor appears to be important drivers for distinctive different forest floor communities in the Scots pine and Norway spruce stands, as revealed by Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS). Mean Ellenberg indicator values for bryophytes and lichens showed that species associated with Scots pine stands were characterized by their tolerance of brighter conditions, higher insolation, and better adaptation to a continental climate. Norway spruce stands instead had a comparably larger proportion of species tolerating lower light, but also indicators of higher available nutrient levels, humidity, and pH. The outcome of the Ellenberg indicator species analysis, as well as the larger cover of lichens,and adaptations to drought found among some mosses, revealed that forest floor communities are shaped by different environmental factors in Scots pine and Norway spruce production stands. These environmental differences, and the quantified shifts in forest floor communities identified in this study, indicate the large shifts in understory bryophyte and lichen species composition and abundance that is likely to occur if Scots pine stands are converted to Norway spruce. Numéro de notice : A2021-459 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119210 date de publication en ligne : 03/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119210 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97922 [article]

Relative influence of stand and site factors on aboveground live-tree carbon sequestration and mortality in managed and unmanaged forests / Christel C. Kern in Forest ecology and management, vol 493 (1st August 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 493 (1st August 2021) . - n° 119266 Titre : Relative influence of stand and site factors on aboveground live-tree carbon sequestration and mortality in managed and unmanaged forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christel C. Kern, Auteur ; Laura S. Kenefic, Auteur ; Christian Kuehne, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 119266 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arbre mort [Termes IGN] climat [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] forêt inéquienne [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] teneur en carbone [Vedettes matières IGN] Foresterie Résumé : (auteur) We compiled data from several independent, long-term silvicultural studies on USDA Forest Service experimental forests across a latitudinal gradient in the northeastern and north-central U.S.A. to evaluate factors influencing aboveground live-tree carbon sequestration and mortality. Data represent five sites with more than 70,000 repeated tree records spanning eight decades, five ecoregions, and a range of stand conditions. We used these data to test the relative influence of factors such as climate, treatment history (uneven-aged or no management), species composition, and stand structural conditions on aboveground live-tree carbon sequestration and mortality in repeatedly measured trees. Relative to no management, we found that uneven-aged management tended to have a positive effect on carbon sequestration at low stocking levels and in areas of favorable climate (expressed as a combination of growing season precipitation and annual growing degree days > 5 °C). In addition, losses of carbon from the aboveground live-tree pool due to tree mortality were lower in managed than unmanaged stands. These findings suggest that there may be conditions at which rate of sequestration in living trees is higher in stands managed with uneven-aged silviculture than in unmanaged stands, and that this benefit is greatest where climate is favorable. Numéro de notice : A2021-458 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119266 date de publication en ligne : 28/04/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119266 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97920 [article]

Anomalous variations of air temperature prior to earthquakes / Irfan Mahmood in Geocarto international, vol 36 n° 12 ([15/07/2021])  

Public [article]  inGeocarto international > vol 36 n° 12 [15/07/2021] . - pp 1396-1408 Titre : Anomalous variations of air temperature prior to earthquakes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Irfan Mahmood, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1396-1408 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] anomalie thermique [Termes IGN] Argentine [Termes IGN] Canada [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] fracture [Termes IGN] ionisation [Termes IGN] risque naturel [Termes IGN] séisme [Termes IGN] télédétection spatiale [Termes IGN] température de l'air [Termes IGN] Turquie Résumé : (Auteur) Earthquakes occur because of increase of stress and rock fracture. Prior to impending earthquake, physical and chemical interactions in the earth’s crust lead to anomalous variations of air temperature (AT). Satellite based remote sensing method allows to determine earthquake precursors over a large tectonic area. Buildup of stresses in a seismically active area manifests as thermal anomaly. In the present study, variations in AT prior to eastern Turkey, Bella Bella (Canada) and Pocito (Argentina) earthquakes were studied by utilizing multi-year background data. The analysis shows strong anomalous variations of AT prior to the seismic events with the highest AT values recorded before the earthquakes. Anomaly plots show that the release of energy was concentrated in the region along epicenter. Descriptive statistics of AT for the earthquakes show significant changes prior to the seismic event. Degassing of gases occur during rock micro-fracturing, which results in air ionization, thereby resulting in AT precursory anomalies. Numéro de notice : A2021-379 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2019.1648565 date de publication en ligne : 07/08/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019.1648565 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97877 [article]

Climate warming predispose sessile oak forests to drought-induced tree mortality regardless of management legacies / Any Mary Petritan in Forest ecology and management, vol 491 (1st July 2021)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 491 (1st July 2021) . - n° 119097 Titre : Climate warming predispose sessile oak forests to drought-induced tree mortality regardless of management legacies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Any Mary Petritan, Auteur ; Ion Catalin Petritan, Auteur ; Andrea Hevia, Auteur ; Helge Walentowski, Auteur ; Olivier Bouriaud , Auteur ; Raul Sánchez-Salguero, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / Article en page(s) : n° 119097 Note générale : bibliographie This work was supported by NEMKLIM project: Nemoral Forests under Climate Extremes (NEMKLIM Project, grant number 3517861300), financed by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Bundesamt für Naturschutz, BfN) and the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, Germany and by project PN 19070506 financed by Romanian National Authority from Scientific Research and Innovation. Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] chênaie [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Termes IGN] Roumanie [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] température de l'air [Termes IGN] vulnérabilité [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Climate warming-related drought could become a major driver of large-scale forest dieback. However, little is known about how past management legacies modulate the climate-growth responses during recent dieback episodes in central European oak forests. Here, we examine the role played by past management –unmanaged old-growth vs. managed forests– in recent tree mortality events occurring in Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. stands across large areas of western Romania. We analyze how stand structure (tree size, competition) and climatic factors (drought, temperature and precipitation) drive tree radial growth patterns in neighboring standing dead and living trees. We analyzed basal area increments (BAI) trends, past management legacies and climate- and drought-growth relationships during the 20th century to distinguish the roles and interactions on recent warming-induced dieback. We observed that temperature rises and changes in atmospheric water demand during growing season let to increasing drought stress during the late 20th century affecting both managed and unmanaged forests. Dead trees from old-growth and managed forests showed lower growth than living trees after dieback onset. In both forests, dead and living trees displayed divergent growth patterns after dry 1980s, indicating that dieback was triggered by severe extreme conditions. Dead trees from managed stands experienced significant stronger growth reductions after 1980s though they experienced less tree-to-tree competition than dead trees in old-growth forest. High stand density negatively drove growth and enhanced climate sensitivity in old-growth stands. Competition acted synergistically with climate warming and drought causing tree mortality regardless of the management legacies in of Q. petraea forests. Our retrospective assessment of growth rates in relation with climate and structure changes offers valuable information for further forest conservation and management decisions of Q. petraea forests. These findings highlight the importance of past uses legacies driving recent forest dieback in temperate oak forests, making them more vulnerable under forecasted climate-warming related droughts in central Europe. Numéro de notice : A2021-496 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119097 date de publication en ligne : 07/04/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119097 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97973 [article]

Detecting high-temperature anomalies from Sentinel-2 MSI images / Yongxue Liu in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 177 (July 2021)  

Public [article]  inISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 177 (July 2021) . - pp 174 - 193 Titre : Detecting high-temperature anomalies from Sentinel-2 MSI images Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yongxue Liu, Auteur ; Zhi Weifeng, Auteur ; Bihua Xu, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 174 - 193 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] anomalie thermique [Termes IGN] éruption volcanique [Termes IGN] image aérienne [Termes IGN] image Landsat-OLI [Termes IGN] image proche infrarouge [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI [Termes IGN] image thermique [Termes IGN] incendie [Termes IGN] réflectance spectrale [Termes IGN] risque technologique [Termes IGN] série temporelle [Termes IGN] température au sol Résumé : (Auteur) High-temperature anomalies (HTAs) of the earth's surface, such as fires, volcanic activities, and industrial heat sources, have a profound impact on Earth's system. Sentinel-2 Multispectral Instrument (MSI) provides spatially-specific information for precisely measuring the location and extent of HTAs at a fine scale. However, detecting HTAs from MSI images remains challenging because the emitted radiance of an HTA in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) bands can be easily mixed with the reflected solar radiance background in the daytime; and an increasing number of atypical cases in MSI images need to be treated with the enhanced spatial resolution. A generic HTA detection approach that handles both anthropogenic and natural HTAs will broaden the scope of MSI applications. In this study, (i) we highlight two spectral characteristics of HTAs in the far-SWIR, near-SWIR, and NIR bands (i.e., (ρfar-SWIR - ρnear-SWIR)/ρNIR ≥ 0.45 and (ρfar-SWIR -ρnear-SWIR) ≥ ρnear-SWIR - ρNIR) that can effectively enhance HTAs from background geo-features, based on the reflectance spectra in airborne imaging spectrometer data. (ii) We propose a tri-spectral thermal anomaly index (TAI) that jointly uses the two high-temperature-sensitive SWIR bands and the high-temperature-insensitive NIR band to enhance HTAs, based on the above characteristics and a comprehensive sampling of different types of HTAs from 1,974 MSI images. (iii) We develop a TAI-based approach for MSI images to detect HTAs in general. The proposed approach was applied to detect different types of HTAs, including different biomass burnings, active volcanoes, and industrial HTAs, over a wide range of land-cover scenarios. Validations and comparisons demonstrate the proposed approach is reliable and performs better than the existing state-of-the-art HTA detection approaches. Evaluations on two types of small industrial HTAs, including operating kilns and enclosed landfill gas flares, show that the HTA detection probability of the TAI-based approach from time-series MSI images is ~ 84.91% and 88.23%, respectively. Further investigations show that the TAI-based approach also has good transferability in detecting HTAs from multispectral images acquired by Landsat-family satellites. Numéro de notice : A2021-372 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.008 date de publication en ligne : 23/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2021.05.008 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97808 [article]

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