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Pourquoi la forêt française a besoin d’un traitement de fond / Guillaume Decocq in The Conversation France, vol 2022 ([10/02/2022])
[article]
Titre : Pourquoi la forêt française a besoin d’un traitement de fond Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Guillaume Decocq, Auteur ; Serge Muller, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] adaptation (biologie)
[Termes IGN] Chalara fraxinea
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] essence indigène
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] productivité
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] sylviculture
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Les conclusions des Assises nationales de la forêt et du bois, lancées par le gouvernement en octobre 2021 avec pour objectif de « penser la forêt française de demain », devraient être rendues dans les prochains jours. Un des axes majeurs de cette réflexion concernait le renforcement de la résilience des forêts et la préservation de la biodiversité.
Car la forêt française est aujourd’hui en crise : depuis deux décennies, on assiste en effet à une mortalité croissante des peuplements forestiers et à une baisse globale de leur productivité. Si la surface boisée en France métropolitaine ne cesse de croître depuis le milieu du XIXe siècle, c’est en raison du boisement – spontané ou artificiel – de terres agricoles, car la superficie occupée par des forêts anciennes, elle, ne cesse de diminuer. Ce « dépérissement », est généralement attribué aux modifications climatiques. Les sécheresses estivales récurrentes fragilisent les arbres et la douceur hivernale favorise les pullulations de bioagresseurs, en particulier les scolytes et les hannetons. Le changement climatique en est sans aucun doute une cause essentielle, mais il est aussi le révélateur d’écosystèmes forestiers fragilisés par des décennies de pratiques sylvicoles focalisées sur la production de bois. Non seulement la forêt française fixe moins de carbone par unité de surface, mais l’exploitation des peuplements dépérissants induit des émissions supplémentaires de CO₂ aggravant l’effet de serre et les changements climatiques associés.Numéro de notice : A2022-214 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 20/02/2022 En ligne : https://theconversation.com/pourquoi-la-foret-francaise-a-besoin-dun-traitement- [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100083
in The Conversation France > vol 2022 [10/02/2022][article]An open science and open data approach for the statistically robust estimation of forest disturbance areas / Saverio Francini in International journal of applied Earth observation and geoinformation, vol 106 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : An open science and open data approach for the statistically robust estimation of forest disturbance areas Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Saverio Francini, Auteur ; Ronald E. McRoberts, Auteur ; Giovanni d' Amico, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 102663 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] coupe rase (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] estimation statistique
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] Google Earth Engine
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] Italie
[Termes IGN] méthode robuste
[Termes IGN] perturbation écologique
[Termes IGN] Quercus cerris
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Termes IGN] Quercus pubescens
[Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora
[Termes IGN] surveillance forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Forest disturbance monitoring is critical for understanding forest-related greenhouse gas emissions and for determining the role of forest management in mitigating climate change. Multiple algorithms for the automated mapping of forest disturbance using remotely sensed imagery have been developed and applied; however, variability in natural and anthropogenic disturbance phenomena, as well as image acquisition conditions, can result in maps that may be incomplete or that contain inaccuracies that prevent their use for directly estimating areas of disturbance. To reduce errors in reporting disturbance areas, stratified estimators can be applied to obtain statistically robust area estimates, while simultaneously circumventing the need to conduct a complete census or in situations where such a census may not be possible. We present a semi-automated procedure for implementation in Google Earth Engine, 3I3D-GEE, for regional to global mapping of forest disturbance (including clear-cut harvesting, fire, and wind damage) and sample-based estimation of related areas using data from the processing capacity of Google Earth Engine. Documentation for the application is also provided in Appendix A. Using Sentinel-2 (S2) imagery, our procedure was applied and tested for 2018 in Italy for which the approximately 11 million ha of forests (mostly Q. pubescens, Q. robur, Q. cerris, Q. petraea, and Fagus sylvatica) serve as an appropriate case study because national statistics on forest disturbance areas are not available. To decrease the overall standard errors of the area estimates, the sampling intensities in areas where greater variability in the form of greater commission and omission errors are expected can be increased. To this end, we augmented the predicted forest disturbance map with a buffer class consisting of a two-pixel buffer (20 m) on each side of the disturbance class boundary. We selected a reference sample of 19,300 points: a simple random sample of 9,300 points from the buffer and simple random samples of 5000 from each of the undisturbed and disturbed classes. The reference sample was photointerpreted using fine resolution orthophotos (30 cm) and S2 imagery. While the estimate of the disturbed area obtained by adding the areas of pixels classified as disturbed was 41,732 ha, the estimate obtained using the unbiased stratified estimator was 27% greater at 57,717716 ha. Regarding map accuracy, we found several omission errors in the buffer (53.4%) but none (0%) in the undisturbed map class. Similarly, among the 1035 commission errors, the majority (7 4 4) were in the buffer class. The methods presented herein provide a useful tool that can be used to estimate areas of forest disturbance, which many nations must report as part of their commitment to international conventions and treaties. In addition, the information generated can support forest management, enabling the forest sector to monitor stand-replacing forest harvesting over space and time. Numéro de notice : A2022-072 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.jag.2021.102663 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2021.102663 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99437
in International journal of applied Earth observation and geoinformation > vol 106 (February 2022) . - n° 102663[article]Analysis of spatio-temporal changes in forest biomass in China / Weiyi Xu in Journal of Forestry Research, vol 33 n° 1 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Analysis of spatio-temporal changes in forest biomass in China Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Weiyi Xu, Auteur ; Xiaobin Jin, Auteur ; Jing Liu, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 261 - 278 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] biomasse
[Termes IGN] Chine
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Forests play a central role in the global carbon cycle. China's forests have a high carbon sequestration potential owing to their wide distribution, young age and relatively low carbon density. Forest biomass is an essential variable for assessing carbon sequestration capacity, thus determining the spatio-temporal changes of forest biomass is critical to the national carbon budget and to contribute to sustainable forest management. Based on Chinese forest inventory data (1999–2013), this study explored spatial patterns of forest biomass at a grid resolution of 1 km by applying a downscaling method and further analyzed spatio-temporal changes of biomass at different spatial scales. The main findings are: (1) the regression relationship between forest biomass and the associated influencing factors at a provincial scale can be applied to estimate biomass at a pixel scale by employing a downscaling method; (2) forest biomass had a distinct spatial pattern with the greatest biomass occurring in the major mountain ranges; (3) forest biomass changes had a notable spatial distribution pattern; increase (i.e., carbon sinks) occurred in east and southeast China, decreases (i.e., carbon sources) were observed in the northeast to southwest, with the largest biomass losses in the Hengduan Mountains, Southern Hainan and Northern Da Hinggan Mountains; and, (4) forest vegetation functioned as a carbon sink during 1999–2013 with a net increase in biomass of 3.71 Pg. Numéro de notice : A2022-336 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s11676-021-01299-8 Date de publication en ligne : 09/04/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-021-01299-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100678
in Journal of Forestry Research > vol 33 n° 1 (February 2022) . - pp 261 - 278[article]Assessment and mapping soil water erosion using RUSLE approach and GIS tools: Case of Oued el-Hai watershed, Aurès West, Northeastern of Algeria / Aida Bensekhria in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 11 n° 2 (February 2022)
[article]
Titre : Assessment and mapping soil water erosion using RUSLE approach and GIS tools: Case of Oued el-Hai watershed, Aurès West, Northeastern of Algeria Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Aida Bensekhria, Auteur ; Rabah Bouhata, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 84 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] Algérie
[Termes IGN] Aurès, massif des
[Termes IGN] bassin hydrographique
[Termes IGN] carte thématique
[Termes IGN] conservation des ressources naturelles
[Termes IGN] érosion hydrique
[Termes IGN] modèle RUSLE
[Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (auteur) The problem of soil water erosion is one of the primary causes of agro-pedological heritage degradation. The combined effect of natural factors and inappropriate human actions has weakened the soil, which seriously threatens the region’s fertile lands and soils, which can ultimately lead to an irreversible situation of desertification. This study focuses on analysis and mapping of the vulnerability to erosion in Oued el-Hai watershed, Algeria, based on a technical methodology that combines the universal soil loss equation (USLE) with the geographic information system (GIS) tools. The results are organized into three main classes of different rate values, from one area to another, depending on the influence of different factors that control the erosion process. The highest loss rate value is greater than 30 t·ha−1·yr−1 and covers 23.2% of the total area, mainly located in the mountainous areas with steep slopes. However, the minimum potential erosion rate value is mainly located on the plain, with an average of 10 t·ha−1·yr−1 covering 45.2% of the total area of the watershed. The estimate of potential water erosion has given alarming results. The total area of the watershed could lose a rate of 16.69 t·ha−1·yr−1 (on average) each year. The method and results described in this article are valuable for understanding the soil erosion risk and are useful for managing and planning land use that will avoid land degradation. Hence, the results of this study are considered an important document which constitutes a decision support tool in terms of the management and protection of natural resources. Numéro de notice : A2022-119 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi11020084 Date de publication en ligne : 24/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11020084 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99650
in ISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 11 n° 2 (February 2022) . - n° 84[article]Débris spatiaux, l’inquiétante prolifération / Laurent Polidori in Géomètre, n° 2199 (février 2022)
[article]
Titre : Débris spatiaux, l’inquiétante prolifération Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Laurent Polidori, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 16 - 16 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Technologies spatiales
[Termes IGN] débris spatial
[Termes IGN] orbite
[Termes IGN] prévention des risques
[Termes IGN] risque technologique
[Termes IGN] satellite artificiel
[Termes IGN] satellite nettoyeurRésumé : (Auteur) Les collisions accidentelles et les destructions volontaires de satellites augmentent dangereu?sement le nombre de petits objets qui traînent dans l’espace... Pouvons?nous ralentir cette réaction en chaîne ? Numéro de notice : A2022-220 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtSansCL DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 01/02/2022 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100047
in Géomètre > n° 2199 (février 2022) . - pp 16 - 16[article]Réservation
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