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Identification and modelling of sea level change contributors on GRACE satellite gravity data and their applications to climate monitoring / Bert Wouters (2010)
Titre : Identification and modelling of sea level change contributors on GRACE satellite gravity data and their applications to climate monitoring Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Bert Wouters, Auteur Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2010 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Publications on Geodesy, ISSN 0165-1706 num. 73 Importance : 182 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-316-7 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] GRACE
[Termes IGN] Groenland
[Termes IGN] niveau moyen des mers
[Termes IGN] surveillance météorologiqueIndex. décimale : 30.83 Applications océanographiques de géodésie spatiale Résumé : (Auteur) Recently, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change named sea level rise as one of the major challenges of the 21st century. Given the high population density of coastal regions, a small rise of the sea level will have a substantial impact on human society. However, the Earth's climate system is a complex matter arid model predictions of the sea level changes likely to be expected in the coming century currently show a wide spread. Clearly, a thorough understanding of present-day climate variability is imperative narrow this uncertainty band, which on its turn depends on the availability of accurate and detailed observations of our climate.
A valuable contribution to the expanding array of satellites dedicated to observations of the Earth System, are the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, launched in March 2002. This mission is dedicated to observing changes of the Earth's gravity field at (sub-)monthly intervals. At time-scales of a few years, these changes are mostly related to the redistribution of water on the Earth's surface. For example, a thinning of the Greenland ice sheet will manifest itself as a local negative anomaly in the gravity field, whereas the water that is added to the ocean will show up as a predominantly positive anomaly. The main objective of this dissertation is to study how the GRACE observations can be used to improve our knowledge of changes in the Earth's climate systems, and how the data should be processed in order to optimize quality and spatial resolution.
The GRACE data provided by the science teams consist of spherical harmonic coefficients. They show particular correlations between coefficients of identical order and even and odd degree, respectively, due to the mission's architecture and deficiencies in the background models used throughout the processing of the satellite measurements. These noise artifacts show up as striping patterns along the north-south direction in the monthly maps of surface mass changes, hampering the interpretation of the observations. In this dissertation, it is shown that empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis is an effective method to reduce the noise in the GRACE data. This statistical tool separates a data set into a number of characteristic (eigen) modes of variance, in combination with an index describing the amplitude of the mode in time, i.e. the principal components. The EOF analysis can be applied to the maps of surface mass changes, in which case the first few modes are related to the annual and long-term trend components. The fourth mode appears to be related to the El Nino/Southern Oscillation. The noise signals arc absorbed by the higher modes, which makes the leading modes largely stripe-free up to a resolution of approximately 400 kilometers.
A further reduction of the noise can be obtained by applying the EOF de-composition directly to the spherical harmonic coefficients, after grouping them following order. The principal components arc compared to a random process and, if the two arc statistically sufficiently alike, not used in the further data processing. A series of tests shows that this approach reduces the noise by 60-80 %, compared the non-filtered case. An important feature of this filter is that it does not alter the shape of the signal and causes less reduction its power, compared to other commonly used filter methods based on the approach of Swenson and Walir (2006).
Using the filtered data, changes in the mass content of the ocean have been studied. The GRACE satellites are capable of capturing seasonal changes in the ocean mass content accurately on a global scale. In combination with sea surface height observations made by satellite altimeter, the steric sea level component (related to changes in the heat and salinity content of the ocean) can be separated as well. A comparison with reference data sets shows that locally a coherent signal can be obtained at a (Gaussian) resolution of approximately 500 km over the oceans. These steric changes dominate the sea level in most of the oceans, but strong ocean bottom pressure fluctuations are observed in several areas, e.g., the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Gulf of Thailand. Estimates of long-term changes in the ocean mass and heat content arc a more challenging problem, and require a longer observation period and a better modeling of mass redistribution in the solid earth and the position of the center of mass of the Earth, two components to which the GRACE observations arc particularly sensitive.
It is found that the global spherical harmonic coefficients contain more information than previously acknowledged. This is demonstrated by using the GRACE data to obtain a picture of the mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet at a regional scale. From the research in this dissertations, it shows that Greenland lost 179 Gigaton each year on average between 2003 and 2008, causing a global mean rise of sea level by 0.5 mm/yr. Comparing the trend in the first few to that in the last few years shows a speed-up of the thinning, which corroborates the picture of an increasingly negative mass balance of the ice sheet since the mid 1990's as indicated by, for example, regional climate models and radar altimetry observations. The majority of the losses occur in the coastal regions in the southeastern sector. The northwestern coastal zones were approximately in balance up to the summer of 2005, but show strong negative trends since. Large year-to-year differences in the mass balance of the ice sheet are observed, with a record loss in the warm summer of 2007. A strong correlation between the GRACE observations in summer and satellite measurements of surface melt area extent is demonstrated. Also, good agreement is found with regional climate modeling data, highlighting the potential of the GRACE observations to validate and improve the numerical models.
A mass redistribution on land will cause a change in the shape of the global geoid. Sea level, when not acted upon by any other forcings, will adjust to this equipotential surface. Therefore, when water is exchanged between ocean and continents (and changes due to ocean dynamics are disregarded), sea level will not rise or fall uniformly, which is known as the so-called self-gravitation effect. Due to their global coverage, the GRACE observations of continental mass distribution are an excellent input to model this phenomenon. Strongest deviations from a uniform distribution are found off the coast of Alaska and in the Bay of Bengal, where differences of more than 100% are found on seasonal time-scales. In these regions, inclusion of the self-gravitation effect into numerical ocean model would result in a better agreement between modeled and observational data.
From the work presented in this dissertation, it shows that the GRACE satellites are an invaluable tool for the monitoring of our climate system. Statistically filtering of the data reveals a wealth of information. In combination with altimetry observations, the GRACE data allows the separation of mass and steric components in sea level on seasonal time scales. Given a longer observational period and an improved understanding of the processes in the solid earth, expected to come available soon thanks to ESA's GOCE missions, long-term trends in these components will be identifiable. Furthermore, the GRACE mission allows us to put a constraint on the contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to present-day sea level rise. The technique to recover these changes can easily be expanded to other regions, such as the Antarctic or the Alaskan glacier fields. The synergy between GRACE data, future missions such as Cryosat-2, which will map height variations of the cryosphere with an unprecedented accuracy, and regional climate models, uncovering the physical processes behind the observed changes, promises a leap forward in our understanding of the mass balance of the ice sheets. Finally, com-paring the modeled deviations from uniform sea level changes with in-situ data such as from tide-gauges, may lead to a direct validation of the aforementioned self-gravitation theory with present-day data.Numéro de notice : 10335 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Rapport de recherche DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.ncgeo.nl/downloads/73Wouters.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62396 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 10335-01 30.83 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible Mise en place d’une chaîne de calcul ultra rapide des orbites et des corrections d’horloges des satellites GLONASS / Oussama Ben Abdelaziz (2010)
Titre : Mise en place d’une chaîne de calcul ultra rapide des orbites et des corrections d’horloges des satellites GLONASS Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Oussama Ben Abdelaziz, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2010 Importance : 72 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie
Rapport de Projet de Fin d’Etudes, Cycle des Ingénieurs diplômés de l’ENSG 3ème année (IT3), [master PPMD]Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] calcul d'erreur
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] Global Orbitography Navigation Satellite System
[Termes IGN] horloge
[Termes IGN] orbite
[Termes IGN] satellite GLONASSIndex. décimale : MPPMD Mémoires du mastère spécialisé Photogrammétrie, Positionnement et Mesures de Déformation Résumé : (Auteur) Depuis la fin de l'année 2008, l'IGN fournit une solution ultra rapide des orbites et des corrections d'horloges des satellites GPS. Le but de mon projet de fin d'études fut d'enrichir ce produit en y ajoutant les orbites et les corrections d'horloges des satellites GLONASS. Dans ce document nous décrivons en détail les différentes modifications apportées à la chaîne de calcul et justifions les choix techniques effectués en fournissant une présentation théorique rigoureuse des problématiques liées à la réalisation d'un calcul combiné GPS/GLONASS, notamment l'existence de différents biais : biais inter-systèmes et biais inter-fréquences dont la compréhension fut indispensable au bon déroulement du projet. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Etudes Préliminaires
1) Présentation du système GLONASS
a) Un peu d'histoire
b) Le segment spatial
c) Le segment terrestre
d) Le segment utilisateur
e) Les systèmes de référence
f) Le signal GLONASS
g) Les équations d'observation
2) Présentation du produit SGU
a) Déroulement du calcul opérationnel
b) Qualité des orbites et des corrections d'horloges SGU
c) Effet de l'augmentation du pas d'échantillonnage sur la qualité des orbites et des corrections d'horloges
3) Etude de l'existant
a) Produits disponibles
b) Problèmes rencontrés lors du traitement des données GLONASS avec le Bernese
c) GLONASS au SGN
3- Collecte et prétraitement des données
1) Choix des stations
2) Téléchargement des données
3) Prétraitement des données
4- Calcul des orbites
1) Déroulement opérationnel du calcul
2) La fixation des ambigüités
5- Calcul des horloges
1) Un point sur la théorie
2) Problèmes liés aux biais et déroulement opérationnel du calcul
6- ConclusionNuméro de notice : 10916 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Mémoire masters divers Organisme de stage : IGN Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=49419 Réservation
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10916_mem_chaine_calcul_orbites_glonass_ben-abdelaziz.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF Sciences of geodesy, vol 1. Advanced and future directions / Guochang Xu (2010)
Titre de série : Sciences of geodesy, vol 1 Titre : Advanced and future directions Type de document : Guide/Manuel Auteurs : Guochang Xu, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2010 Format : 16 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-642-11740-4 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur local
[Termes IGN] filtre de Kalman
[Termes IGN] géodésie marine
[Termes IGN] gravimètre absolu
[Termes IGN] gravimètre supraconducteur
[Termes IGN] gravimétrie
[Termes IGN] interféromètrie par radar à antenne synthétique
[Termes IGN] navigation
[Termes IGN] orbite
[Termes IGN] orbite képlerienne
[Termes IGN] orbite réelle
[Termes IGN] orbitographie
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] rotation de la Terre
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] tectonique des plaques
[Termes IGN] télémétrie laser sur satellite
[Termes IGN] traitement de données GNSSIndex. décimale : 30.00 Géodésie - généralités Note de contenu : 1 ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE GRAVIMETRY / LUDGER TIMMEN
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Characteristics of Absolute Gravimetry State-geodetic Surveys
1.3 Measurements with Free-Fall Absolute Gravimeters
1.4 Relative Gravimetry
1.5 Reduction of Non-tectonic Gravity Variations
1.6 Gravity Changes: Examples
2 ADAPTIVELY ROBUST KALMAN FILTERS WITH APPLICATIONS IN NAVIGATION / YUANXI YANG
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Principle of Adaptively Robust Kalman Filtering
2.3 Properties of the Adaptive Kalman Filter Adaptive Filter
2.4 Three Kinds of Learning Statistics
2.5 Four Kinds of Adaptive Factors
2.6 Comparison of Two Fading Filters and Adaptively Robust Filter
2.7 Comparison of Sage Adaptive Filter and Adaptively Robust Filter
2.8 Some Application Examples
3 AIRBORNE GRAVITY FIELD DETERMINATION / RENE FORSBERG AND ARNE V. OLESEN
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Principles of Airborne Gravimetry
3.3 Filtering of Airborne Gravity
3.4 Some Results of Large-Scale Government Airborne Surveys
3.5 Downward Continuation of Airborne Gravimetry
3.6 Use of Airborne Gravimetry for Geoid Determination
3.7 Conclusions and Outlook
4 ANALYTIC ORBIT THEORY / GUOCHANG XU
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Perturbed Equation of Satellite Motion
4.3 Singularity-Free and Simplified Equations
4.4 Solutions of Extraterrestrial Disturbances
4.5 Solutions of Geopotential Perturbations
4.6 Principle of Numerical Orbit Determination
4.7 Principle of Analytic Orbit Determination
4.8 Summary and Discussions
5 DEFORMATION AND TECTONICS: CONTRIBUTION OF GPS MEASUREMENTS TO PLATE TECTONICS ? OVERVIEW AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS / LUISA BASTOS, MACHIEL BOS AND RUI MANUEL FERNANDES
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Plate Tectonic Models
5.3 Mapping Issues
5.4 Geophysical Corrections for the GPS-Derived Station Positions
5.5 Time-Series Analysis
5.6 GPS and Geodynamics? An Example
5.7 Further Developments
6 EARTH ROTATION / FLORIAN SEITZ AND HARALD SCHUH
6.1 Reference Systems
6.2 Polar Motion
6.3 Variations of Length-of-Day and _UT
6.4 Physical Model of Earth Rotation
6.5 Relation Between Modelled and Observed Variations of Earth Rotation
7 EQUIVALENCE OF GPS ALGORITHMS AND ITS INFERENCE / GUOCHANG XU, YUNZHONG SHEN, YUANXI YANG, HEPING SUN, QIN ZHANG, JIANFENG GUO AND TA-KANG YEH
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Equivalence of Undifferenced and Differencing Algorithms
7.3 Equivalence of the Uncombined and Combining Algorithms
7.4 Parameterisation of the GPS Observation Model
7.5 Equivalence of the GPS Data Processing Algorithms
7.6 Inferences of Equivalence Principle
7.7 Summary
8 MARINE GEODESY / JOERG REINKING
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Bathymetry and Hydrography
8.3 Precise Navigation
9 SATELLITE LASER RANGING / LUDWIG COMBRINCK
9.1 Background
9.2 Range Model
9.3 Force and Orbital Model
9.4 Calculated Range
9.5 SLR System and Logistics
9.6 Network and International Collaboration
9.7 Summary
10 SUPERCONDUCTING GRAVIMETRY / JÜRGEN NEUMEYER
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Description of the Instrument
10.3 Site Selection and Observatory Design
10.4 Calibration of the Gravity Sensor
10.5 Noise Characteristics
10.6 Modelling of the Principal Constituents of the Gravity Signal
10.7 Analysis of Surface Gravity Effects
10.8 Combination of Ground (SG) and Space Techniques
10.9 Future Applications
11 SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY / YE XIA
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging
11.3 SAR Interferometry
11.4 Differential SARInterferometry Measurement of Bam Earthquake
11.4.4 Example: Subsidence Monitoring in Tianjin Region
11.5 SAR Interferometry with Corner Reflectors (CR-INSAR)
11.6 High-Resolution TerraSAR-XNuméro de notice : 20959A Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Manuel Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62777 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20959-02A 30.00 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 20959-01A DEP-ELG Livre Marne-la-Vallée Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt Evacuating remote areas: team linkage via GIS and satellite telecom / B. Palade in GIM international, vol 23 n° 12 (December 2009)
[article]
Titre : Evacuating remote areas: team linkage via GIS and satellite telecom Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : B. Palade, Auteur ; Paola Soares, Auteur ; A. De La Cruz, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 36 - 37 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] acquisition de données
[Termes IGN] ArcGIS Server
[Termes IGN] cartographie thématique
[Termes IGN] Copernicus (programme européen)
[Termes IGN] diffusion de l'information
[Termes IGN] données localisées numériques
[Termes IGN] gestion de crise
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] image SPOT 5
[Termes IGN] Madère, archipel de
[Termes IGN] réseau de transport
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] télécommunication spatiale
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur) Civilian evacuation operations generally take place in remote areas where normal communication networks are often either destroyed, limited or controlled by unfriendly parties. Portable satellite telecommunications can link teams co-ordinating an evacuation. This article describes an exercice in rapid delivery of geospatial data by satellite telecommunications which enhanced the security of operations. GIS technology and high-resolution satellite imagery were integrated in a complete "evacuation GIS" complying with NATO standards. Copyright GEOinformatics Numéro de notice : A2009-468 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30097
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 061-09121 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible IGN Espace fêtait ses vingt ans / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 72 (01/12/2009)
[article]
Titre : IGN Espace fêtait ses vingt ans Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anonyme, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 11 - 13 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image
[Termes IGN] correction géométrique
[Termes IGN] Guyane française
[Termes IGN] HRS (capteur)
[Termes IGN] IGN ESPACE
[Termes IGN] image à très haute résolution
[Termes IGN] image spatiale
[Termes IGN] Institut géographique national (France)
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de terrain
[Termes IGN] Référence-3D
[Termes IGN] spatiocarte
[Termes IGN] SPOT Image
[Termes IGN] SPOT5
[Termes IGN] temps réel
[Termes IGN] traitement d'imageRésumé : (Auteur) Créée en 1989 pour se rapprocher des activités spatiales alors jugées stratégiques, IGN Espace, une filiale de l'institut, fête ses vingt ans. C'était l'occasion de revenir sur un parcours riche, de faire le point sur les activités présentes et futures. Copyright CiMax Numéro de notice : A2009-534 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (1940-2011) Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30163
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 265-09071 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible IFN-001-P000736 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson 1er étage - Carto Exclu du prêt Galileo : des chiffres qui laissent rêveur / Françoise de Blomac in SIG la lettre, n° 110 (octobre 2009)PermalinkGeocenter variations derived from GPS tracking of the GRACE satellites / Z. Kang in Journal of geodesy, vol 83 n° 10 (October 2009)PermalinkDetermination and analysis of stations coordinates based on Starlette and Lageos-1 & -2 satellites laser ranging data / Bachir Gourine in Bulletin des sciences géographiques, n° 24 (Septembre 2009)PermalinkAn improved empirical model for the effect of long-period ocean tides on polar motion / Richard S. Gross in Journal of geodesy, vol 83 n° 7 (July 2009)PermalinkArchitecture for a future C-band/L-band GNSS mission : Part 2 signal considerations and related user terminal aspects / José Avila-Rodriguez in Inside GNSS, vol 4 n° 4 (July - August 2009)PermalinkEarth observation in conflict mitigation / Olaf Kranz in GIM international, vol 23 n° 7 (July 2009)PermalinkMaking sense of inter-signal corrections: accounting for GPS satellite calibration parameters in legacy and modernized ionosphere correction algorithms / Avram Tetewsky in Inside GNSS, vol 4 n° 4 (July - August 2009)PermalinkWhere is GIOVE-A exactly? Using microwaves and laser ranging for precise orbit determination / Erik Schönemann in GPS world, vol 20 n° 7 (July 2009)PermalinkSPOT image tourné vers l'avenir / Françoise de Blomac in SIG la lettre, n° 108 (juin 2009)PermalinkTerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X: Revolution in spaceborne radar / F. Hensler in Bulletin des sciences géographiques, n° 23 (juin 2009)Permalink