Descripteur
Termes IGN > informatique > intelligence artificielle > ingénierie des connaissances > système à base de connaissances > base de connaissances
base de connaissancesVoir aussi |
Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (120)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externes
Etendre la recherche sur niveau(x) vers le bas
Collaborative generalisation: formalisation of generalisation knowledge to orchestrate different cartographic generalisation processes / Guillaume Touya (2010)
contenu dans Geographic information science, 6th international conference, GIScience 2010, Zurich, Switzerland, September 14-17, 2010 / Sara Irina Fabrikant (2010)
Titre : Collaborative generalisation: formalisation of generalisation knowledge to orchestrate different cartographic generalisation processes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Guillaume Touya , Auteur ; Cécile Duchêne , Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Auteur Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2010 Conférence : GIScience 2010, 6th international conference on geographic information science 14/09/2010 17/09/2010 Zurich Suisse Proceedings Springer Importance : pp 264 - 278 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] base de règles
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] interopérabilité
[Termes IGN] ontologie
[Termes IGN] programmation par contraintes
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (auteur) Cartographic generalisation seeks to summarise geographical information from a geographic database to produce a less detailed and readable map. This paper deals with the problem of making different automatic generalisation processes collaborate to generalise a complete map. A model to orchestrate the generalisation of different areas (cities, countryside, mountains) by different adapted processes is proposed. It is based on the formalisation of cartographic knowledge and specifications into constraints and rules sets while processes are described to formalise their capabilities. The formalised knowledge relies on generalisation domain ontology. For each available generalisation process, the formalised knowledge is then translated into process parameters by an adapted translator component. The translators allow interoperable triggers and allow the choice of the proper process to apply on each part of the space. Applications with real processes illustrate the usability of the proposed model. Numéro de notice : C2010-017 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Communication DOI : 10.1007/978-3-642-15300-6_19 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15300-6_19 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76255 Documents numériques
peut être téléchargé
Collaborative Generalisation - preprintAdobe Acrobat PDF Compromising contextual constraints and cartographic rules: application to sustainable maps / Charlotte Hoarau (2010)
Titre : Compromising contextual constraints and cartographic rules: application to sustainable maps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Charlotte Hoarau , Auteur Editeur : International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ISPRS Année de publication : 2010 Collection : International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, ISSN 1682-1750 num. 38-B4 Conférence : ISPRS 2010, Special Joint Symposium of ISPRS Commission IV and AutoCarto 2010 in conjunction with ASPRS/CaGIS 2010 Special Conference, Geospatial Data and Geovisualization: Environment, Security, and Society 15/11/2010 19/11/2010 Orlando Floride - Etats-Unis ISPRS OA Archives Commisson 4 Importance : 7 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie
[Termes IGN] base de règles
[Termes IGN] couleur (rédaction cartographique)
[Termes IGN] prise en compte du contexte
[Termes IGN] programmation par contraintesRésumé : (auteur) The necessary adaptation of mapping applications generates new constraints which should be considered in addition to the traditional cartographic rules used to design maps. Particularly, colors used in the legend could be optimized regarding those constraints. A big stake of such optimization is to preserve the semiotic quality of maps. Therefore, we propose a quantification of the cartographic quality of a map regarding a given reference map and considering semantic rules of association, differentiation and order supposed to be conveyed by the colors of the map. Some mobile devices required more energy to display dark colors than lighter ones. Our example of contextual constraint is then the optimization of the colors in order to lower the energy required to display a map. Three map samples have been designed, while taking more or less into consideration conventional uses of colors for relevant themes: hydrography, vegetation and the background layer. We discuss on how to find the best compromise between a contextual constraint (the energy required to display a map on a screen of a mobile device in our example) and the cartographic consistency on colors regarding the initial semantic relationships in the legend. This supposes to evaluate how far a map supposed to follow cartographic rules can be altered while preserving its semiotic quality. Numéro de notice : C2010-043 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVIII/part4/files/Hoarau.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98154
Titre : Knowledge based building facade reconstruction from laser point clouds and images Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Shi Pu, Auteur Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2010 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Publications on Geodesy, ISSN 0165-1706 num. 75 Importance : 119 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-319-3 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] B-Spline
[Termes IGN] base de connaissances
[Termes IGN] données laser
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] extraction de traits caractéristiques
[Termes IGN] façade
[Termes IGN] Pays-Bas
[Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D du bâti
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] système à base de connaissances
[Termes IGN] télémétrie laser terrestre
[Termes IGN] texturageIndex. décimale : 33.80 Lasergrammétrie Résumé : (Auteur) Various applications demand realistic 3D city models. For urban planning, analyzing in a 3D virtual reality world is much more efficient than imaging the 2D information on maps. For public security, accurate 3D building models are indispensable to make strategies during emergency situations. Navigation systems and virtual tourism also benefit from realistic city models. Manual creation of city models is undoubtedly a rather time consuming and expensive procedure. On one hand, images are for long the only data source for geometric modelling, while recovering of 3D geometries is not straightforward from 2D images. On the other hand, there are enormous amounts of objects (for example buildings) to be reconstructed, and their structures and shapes show a great variety. There is a lack of automated approaches to understand the building structures captured by data. The rapid development of cities even adds to the cost of manual city model updating. In recent years, laser scanning has been proven a successful technology for reverse engineering. The terrestrial laser point clouds are especially useful for documenting building facades. With the considerable high point density and the explicit 3D coordinates of terrestrial laser point clouds, it is possible to recover both large structures and fine details on building facades. The latest developments of mobile laser scanning technology also make it more cost-effective to take large-scale laser scanning over urban areas.
This PhD research aims at reconstructing photorealistic building facade models from terrestrial laser point clouds and close range images, with a largely automatic process. A knowledge base about building facade structures is established first, where several important building features (wall, door, protrusion, etc.) are defined and described with their geometric properties and spatial relationships. Then constraints for feature extraction are derived from the knowledge base. After a laser point cloud is segmented into planar segments by surface a growing segmentation algorithm, each segment is compared with the feature constraints to determine the most likely feature type for each segment. The feature extraction method works fine for all facade features except for windows, because there are usually insufficient laser points reflected from window glass. Instead, windows are reconstructed from the holes on the wall features. Then outline polygons or B-spline surfaces are fit to all feature segments, and the parts without laser points are hypothesized according to knowledge. A complete polyhedron model is combined from both fitted and hypothesized outlines.
Since laser data contains no colour information, the building models reconstructed from only laser data contain only geometric information such as vertices and edges. To obtain photorealistic results, textures must be mapped from images to the geometric models. The fusing of laser points and image requires accurate alignment between laser space and image space, which is accomplished after a semi-automated process. Because of the limitations of modelling methods, the geometry model reconstructed from laser points may contain many errors which would cause poor texturing effect. Therefore, significant line features extracted from images are compared with the initial model's edges, and necessary refinements are made to correct the model errors, or at least make the model edges consistent with the image lines. Finally, in the texturing stage, the texture of each model face is selected automatically from multiple images to ensure the optimal visibility. Texture errors caused by occlusions in front of a wall are also removed by analyzing the locations of the wall, the occlusions and the camera position.
Experiments with three data sets show that building reconstruction are considerably accelerated by the presented methods. Our approach is more than 10 times faster than the traditional approach when reconstructing the same buildings, and the models by our approach contain more fine details such as doors and windows. The reconstruction of wall facades and roofs are fully automatic, while some manual interactions (48 percent of the total reconstruction time) are still required for editing the fine details. It should also be faster to make global statistics (number of floors, number of entrances, etc.) and modifications (deriving models with a lower level of detail, applying pre-defined textures, etc.) later on to our models, since different model parts have been associated with the semantic labels. While the reconstruction efficiency is improved by our approach, the visualization effects of our models are also comparable to the models by the traditional approach. The future work will focus on improving the knowledge base and developing a fully automated camera parameter estimation procedure. The completeness and adaptability of the knowledge base will be especially important for the further automation of our reconstruction approach.Note de contenu : 1 Introduction
1.1 State-of-the-art of terrestrial laser scanning
1.2 Related works
1.2.1 Overview
1.2.2 Frueh et al. 2005
1.2.3 Cornelis et al. 2008
1.2.4 Ripperda2008
1.2.5 Becker 2009
1.3 Method overview
1.4 Structure of the thesis
2 Knowledge engineering and reasoning
2.1 Knowledge engineering
2.1.1 Assembling the knowledge
2.1.2 Decide on a vocabulary
2.1.3 Encode general knowledge
2.1.4 The hierarchical composition
2.2 Reasoning with the knowledge
2.3 Managing uncertainty
2.3.1 Describing the uncertainty
2.3.2 Making expected decisions
2.4 Concluding remarks
3 Feature extraction
3.1 Preprocessing
3.1.1 Spatial indexing
3.1.2 Extracting points of interest
3.2 Extraction of geometric features
3.2.1 Flat surfaces
3.2.2 Curved surfaces
3.3 Extraction of semantic features
3.3.1 Solid features extraction
3.3.2 Hole-based window extraction
3.4 Discussion
4 Geometric reconstruction
4.1 Polygon fitting
4.1.1 Least squares fitting
4.1.2 Convex polygon and concave polygon fitting
4.1.3 Minimum bounding rectangle fitting
4.2 B-spline surface fitting
4.2.1 The B-spline curve and surface
4.2.2 B-spline surface approximation
4.3 Hypotheses for parts without laser data
4.4 Results and Discussion
4.4.1 Flat surfaces
4.4.2 Curved surfaces
5 Model refinement with imagery
5.1 Method overview
5.2 Registration
5.2.1 Perspective Conversion
5.2.2 Spatial Resection
5.2.3 Relative Orientation
5.3 The model refinement
5.3.1 Extraction of Significant Lines from Images
5.3.2 Matching Model Edges with Image Lines
5.3.3 Refinement Strategy
5.4 Test cases
5.4.1 The restaurant house
5.4.2 The town hall
5.4.3 The wall with high windows
5.4.4 Summary
5.5 Conclusions and outlook
6 Texture mapping
6.1 Selecting texture images
6.1.1 Optimal image selection
6.1.2 Occlusion removal
6.2 Calculating texture coordinates
6.3 Results and discussion
6.3.1 The three joined houses
6.3.2 The house with a balcony
6.3.3 The curved walls
6.3.4 Discussion
7 Method evaluation
7.1 The reconstruction approaches
7.1.1 Our approach
7.1.2 The traditional approach
7.2 The Vlaardingen case
7.3 The Enschede case
7.4 The Esslingen case
7.5 Conclusions
8 Conclusions and recommendations
8.1 Conclusions
8.2 RecommendationsNuméro de notice : 10834 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD thesis : En ligne : https://www.ncgeo.nl/index.php/en/publicatiesgb/publications-on-geodesy/item/257 [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62511 Réservation
Réserver ce documentExemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 10834-01 33.80 Livre Centre de documentation Photogrammétrie - Lasergrammétrie Disponible Simuler la densification du tissu urbain au moyen d’un processus de peuplement / Florence Curie (2010)
contenu dans SAGEO '10, conférence internationale de géomatique et d'analyse spatiale, Toulouse, 17, 18 et 19 novembre 2010 / Claude Monteil (2010)
Titre : Simuler la densification du tissu urbain au moyen d’un processus de peuplement Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Florence Curie, Auteur ; Annabelle Mas , Auteur ; Julien Perret , Auteur ; Anne Puissant, Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Auteur Editeur : Toulouse : Université de Toulouse Année de publication : 2010 Projets : GeOpenSim / Ruas, Anne Conférence : SAGEO 2010, Spatial Analysis and GEOmatics 17/11/2010 19/11/2010 Toulouse France ISPRS OA Archives Commisson 4 Importance : pp 108 - 123 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] base de règles
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] densification
[Termes IGN] espace urbain
[Termes IGN] habitat collectif
[Termes IGN] habitat individuel
[Termes IGN] population urbaine
[Termes IGN] programmation par contraintes
[Termes IGN] simulation spatiale
[Termes IGN] système complexe
[Termes IGN] système multi-agents
[Termes IGN] zone industrielle
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) L’approche présentée dans cet article utilise un système multi-agent pour modéliser du point de vue morphologique les propriétés auto-organisatrices des systèmes complexes urbains et vise à fournir un outil permettant d’étudier la croissance urbaine. Le système multi-agent proposé comporte une hiérarchie d’agents topographiques (e.g. les bâtiments, les routes, les cours d’eau, les îlots, la ville) qui peuvent être construits, modifiés, fusionnés, découpés, restructurés et détruits au cours du temps. Le comportement de chaque agent est contrôlé par un ensemble de règles d’évolution, de contraintes et d’actions associées. La question particulière traitée dans cet article concerne les méthodes de peuplement qui permettent la création de nouveaux agents tout en respectant une certaine organisation spatiale et un certain processus de construction. En effet ces méthodes nécessitent de trouver un compromis entre les besoins de la simulation et les connaissances géographiques. Dans cet article, l’accent a été mis sur les zones industrielles et les zones d’habitat de type individuel et collectif. Numéro de notice : C2010-024 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT+Ext (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésNat DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=88427 Documents numériques
peut être téléchargé
Simuler la densification du tissu urbain - preprintAdobe Acrobat PDF Generation and application of rules for quality dependent facade reconstruction / S. Becker in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 64 n° 6 (November - December 2009)
[article]
Titre : Generation and application of rules for quality dependent facade reconstruction Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : S. Becker, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : 14 p. ; pp 640 - 653 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image
[Termes IGN] architecture urbaine
[Termes IGN] base de règles
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] façade
[Termes IGN] grammaire de graphes
[Termes IGN] itération
[Termes IGN] lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] moteur d'inférence
[Termes IGN] photo-interprétation assistée par ordinateur
[Termes IGN] qualité des données
[Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D du bâtiRésumé : (Auteur) Frequently, terrestrial LiDAR and image data are used to extract high resolution building geometry like windows, doors and protrusions for three-dimensional (3D) façade reconstruction. However, such a purely data driven bottom-up modelling of façade structures is only feasible if the available observations meet considerable requirements on data quality. Errors in measurement, varying point densities, reduced accuracies, as well as incomplete coverage affect the achievable correctness and reliability of the reconstruction result. While dependence on data quality is a general disadvantage with data driven bottom-up approaches, model based top-down reconstructions are much more robust. Algorithms introduce knowledge about the appearance and arrangement of objects. Thus, they cope with data uncertainty and allow for a procedural modelling of building structures in a predefined architectural style, which is inherent in grammar or model descriptions. We aim at a quality sensitive façade reconstruction which is on the one hand robust against erroneous and incomplete data, but on the other hand not subject to prespecified rules or models. For this purpose, we combine bottom-up and top-down strategies by integrating automatically inferred rules into a data driven reconstruction process. Façade models reconstructed during a bottom-up method serve as a knowledge base for further processing. Dominant or repetitive features and regularities as well as their hierarchical relationship are detected from the modelled façade elements and automatically translated into rules. These rules together with the 3D representations of the modelled façade elements constitute a formal grammar. It holds all the information which is necessary to reconstruct façades in the style of the given building. The paper demonstrates that the proposed algorithm is very flexible towards different data quality and incomplete sensor data. The inferred grammar is used for the verification of the façade model produced during the data driven reconstruction process and the generation of synthetic façades for which only partial or no sensor data is available. Moreover, knowledge propagation is not restricted to façades of one single building. Based on a small set of formal grammars derived from just a few observed buildings, façade reconstruction is also possible for whole districts featuring uniform architectural styles. Copyright 2009 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Numéro de notice : A2009-496 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2009.06.002 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2009.06.002 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30125
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 64 n° 6 (November - December 2009) . - 14 p. ; pp 640 - 653[article]Réservation
Réserver ce documentExemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 081-09061 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible A GeoAgent-based framework for knowledge-oriented representation: embracing social rules in GIS / C. Yu in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 23 n° 7-8 (july 2009)PermalinkMulti-scale rendering with geometry collapse and a symbol knowledge Base / J. Choi in Cartographic journal (the), vol 46 n° 2 (May 2009)PermalinkMise en oeuvre d'une mémoire environnementale adaptée aux besoins d'un observatoire du domaine côtier : MEnIr / Cyril Faucher in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 19 n° 1 (mars – mai 2009)PermalinkIC 2009, Ingénierie des Connaissances 2009, 20es journées francophones, Hammamet, Tunisie, 25 - 29 mai 2009 / Fabien L. Gandon (2009)PermalinkPermalinkConception et exploitation d'une base de métadonnées de traitements informatiques, représentation opérationnelle des connaissances d'expert in Le monde des cartes, n° 198 (décembre 2008)PermalinkA Polygonal approach for automation in extraction of serial modular roofs / Y. Avrahami in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 74 n° 11 (November 2008)PermalinkWeb service approaches for providing enriched data structures to generalisation operators / Moritz Neun in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 1-2 (february 2008)PermalinkDiagnosis in systems based on an informed tree search strategy: application to cartographic generalisation / Patrick Taillandier (2008)PermalinkKnowledge revision in systems based on an informed tree search strategy: application to cartographic generalisation / Patrick Taillandier (2008)PermalinkA rough set approach to the discovery of classification rules in spatial data / Yee Leung in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 21 n° 9-10 (october 2007)PermalinkAn integrated approach for modelling and global registration of point clouds / T. Rabbani in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 61 n° 6 (February 2007)PermalinkAccès à des sources de données hétérogènes par des processus métiers intégrés / R. Ghurbhurn in Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, ISI : Revue des sciences et technologies de l'information, RSTI, vol 11 n° 3 (mai - juin 2006)PermalinkEnrichissement de bases de connaissances par l'annotation sémantique : plate-forme web sémantique avec des outils linguistiques pour des activités de veille et d'édition / F. Amardeihl in Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, ISI : Revue des sciences et technologies de l'information, RSTI, vol 11 n° 2 (mars - avril 2006)PermalinkAcquisition de connaissances pour la simulation en immersion (ACSI) / D. Sebastien (2006)PermalinkLegend design based on map samples [extended abstract] / Catherine Dominguès (2006)PermalinkPermalinkModèle d'amélioration automatique des contrastes de couleur en cartographie : application aux cartes de risque / Elisabeth Chesneau (2006)PermalinkSemantic interoperability of distributed geo-services / Robert Lemmens (2006)PermalinkPermalinkUne démarche et un outil pour modéliser et comparer l'organisation spatiale d'exploitations agricoles / Sylvie Lardon in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 15 n° 3 (septembre – novembre 2005)PermalinkPhotogrammétrie et archéologie sous-marine profonde : le cas de l'épave étrusque grand Ribaud F [2ème partie] / P. Drap in XYZ, n° 104 (septembre - novembre 2005)PermalinkUn outil de modélisation spatio-temporelle pour le suivi historique des risques naturels / Bogdan Moisuc in Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, ISI : Revue des sciences et technologies de l'information, RSTI, vol 10 n° 4 (juillet -août 2005)PermalinkSpatial knowledge databases as applied to the detection of changes in urban land use / T.Y. Chou in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 26 n° 14 (July 2005)PermalinkAssessment of simulated cognitive maps: the influence of prior knowledge from cartographic maps / R.E. Lloyd in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 32 n° 3 (July 2005)PermalinkUpdating land cover classification using a rule-based decision system / Damien Raclot in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 26 n° 7 (April 2005)PermalinkPermalinkObject extraction and revision by image analysis using existing geodata and knowledge: current status and steps towards operational systems / Emmanuel P. Baltsavias in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 58 n° 3-4 (January - June 2004)PermalinkL'accès à l'information géographique : l'apport de la modélisation de tâches géographiques / Bénédicte Bucher in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 13 n° 4 (décembre 2003 – février 2004)PermalinkA GIS-embedded system to support land consolidation plans in Galicia / J. Tourino in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 17 n° 4 (june 2003)PermalinkExpert system house detection in high spatial resolution: Imagery using size, shape, and context / J.A. Tullis in Geocarto international, vol 18 n° 1 (March - May 2003)PermalinkRéalisation d'une interface de consultation pour les traitements de généralisation / P. Michaux (2003)PermalinkUn environnement de conception coopérative d'utilisations de données géographiques / Bénédicte Bucher in Bulletin d'information de l'Institut géographique national, n° 73 (septembre 2002)PermalinkMise en place d'un serveur de métadonnées géographiques / Abdelali Taouss (2002)PermalinkUse of knowledge based systems for the detection and monitoring of unplanned developments / Faith Njoki Karanja (2002)PermalinkPermalinkRevision of cartographic generalisation rule bases / Sylvain Bard in Bulletin du comité français de cartographie, n°s 169 - 170 (septembre 2001 - février 2002)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkThe integration of geographic visualization with knowledge discovery in databases and geocomputation / M. Gahegan in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 28 n° 1 (January 2001)PermalinkHungary: Hunagi builds for the future - building the knowledge base - flood analysis using aerial photography - hyper competition raises the stakes - model - making Hungarian style / B. Markus in GeoEurope, vol 9 n° 6 (01/06/2000)PermalinkRévision d'une base de connaissances : Application à la généralisation cartographique / Sylvain Bard (2000)PermalinkDeveloping rules for map design: a functional specification for a cartographic-design expert system / David Forrest in Cartographica, vol 36 n° 3 (September 1999)PermalinkAdvances in environmental and ecological modelling / François Blasco (1999)PermalinkCoopération et fusion d'opérateurs : application au recalage automatique d'objets cartographiques / Pierre Dhérété (1999)Permalink