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Titre : Soil moisture assessment in grasslands using optical remote sensing data Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Luc Beraud, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 50 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie
Rapport de projet pluridisciplinaire, cycle ING2Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse spectrale
[Termes IGN] corrélation
[Termes IGN] couvert végétal
[Termes IGN] données de terrain
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] image à haute résolution
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] indice d'humidité
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] prairie
[Termes IGN] radiométrieIndex. décimale : PROJET Mémoires : Rapports de projet - stage des ingénieurs de 2e année Résumé : (Auteur) Cette étude évalue la possibilité d’estimer l’humidité du sol des prairies via l’utilisation de données optiques de télédétection satellitaire. Les images satellites utilisées sont issues de la mission Sentinel-2 et permettent une évaluation de l’humidité du sol à une résolution d’environ vingt mètres. Des échantillons de sols ont été collectés dans différentes prairies pour établir des données de référence d’humidité du sol. Puis, des liens entre l’humidité des sols mesurée et la radiométrie des prairies ont été recherchés via l’emploi d’indices optiques et de méthodes statistiques de corrélation avec les observations et les mesures in situ réalisées. Cependant, la densité du couvert végétal des prairies ajoute une couche d’incertitudes du fait de l’influence de nombreux paramètres de végétation. Vingt indices optiques ont été utilisés afin de définir expérimentalement les plus appropriés. A l’issue du projet, la meilleure corrélation obtenue a un score R2 de 0.9 avec 11 point de référence. Les résultats ont permis de réaliser une classification de l’estimation de l’humidité des sols. Ainsi, les résultats sont prometteurs et donnent une bonne corrélation entre l’humidité des sols pour le jeu de données d’une acquisition terrain et la radiométrie des images satellites. Cependant, les autres acquisitions terrain ne permettent pas d’obtenir une telle corrélation et soulignent la nécessité de développer une nouvelle méthode réduisant l’impact une nouvelle méthode des autres facteurs qui changent la radiométrie optique de la végétation. Note de contenu : INTRODUCTION
1. Subject and context presentation
1.1 Setting and objectives
1.2 State of the research
1.3 Data and methods
2. Data collection and processing
2.1 Processing overview
2.2 In situ data
2.3 Image processing
2.4 Data processing for the statistical analysis
3. Statistical analysis
3.1 Raw band assessment
3.2 Indices assessment
3.3 Conclusion
4. Retrieval of soil moisture
4.1 Data preprocessing
4.2 Machine learning
CONCLUSION
ANNEXES :
A. Indices
B. Fieldworks
C. Soil moisture regressions
D. Processing steps: from raw data to classificationNuméro de notice : 26103 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Mémoire de projet pluridisciplinaire Organisme de stage : Institute for Environmental Solutions Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93847 Documents numériques
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Soil moisture assessment in grasslands... - pdf auteurAdobe Acrobat PDF The difficult way towards Land cover and land use data harmonization across scales, space and time in Europe / Dominique Laurent (2019)
Titre : The difficult way towards Land cover and land use data harmonization across scales, space and time in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dominique Laurent , Auteur Editeur : Leibniz : Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development Année de publication : 2019 Projets : TimeMachine / Gouet-Brunet, Valérie Conférence : ILUS 2019, 3rd International land use symposium, Land use changes: Trends and projections 04/12/2019 06/12/2019 Paris France programme sans actes Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] harmonisation des données
[Termes IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées
[Termes IGN] INSPIRE
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solMots-clés libres : Knowledge Exchange Network Résumé : (auteur) Describing land, through its physical properties and functional characteristics, to support decision from local to global level, in particular to observe land evolution through time, at a sustainable cost for society is a domain with many challenges and opportunities. This is the domain of land cover and land use data design which receives attention from a vast community, from raw data providers (satellite imagery, in situ data) to data curators and integrators as well as users. One of the first attempts to harmonize Land Cover and Land Use data has been the INSPIRE Directive (voted in 2007) that aims to provide the legal framework for achieving a European Spatial Data Infrastructure where the Commission could reuse national data used by members for their national policies. Among its Implementing Rules, interoperability is addressed through the definition of common data models for land cover and for land use information. INSPIRE being based on existing data, these models have been defined to be quite flexible. On the one hand, this European legal context and the new technical opportunities may push data producers to design new land cover and land use products, with for example more concern for European reusability of national products. On the other hand, land cover and land use data are often used to compute evolution indicators, which requires stable enough or at least comparable specifications; which rather push data providers to stick to former data specification. More recently, UN-GGIM: Europe (United Nations initiative on Global Geographic Information Management) has set up a Working Group on spatial data the most useful to analyze, achieve or monitor the Sustainable Development Goals, called core data. This group defines priorities for the production of new data or the enhancement of existing one. Land Cover and Land Use are identified as core data themes. The EuroGeographics INSPIRE KEN (Knowledge Exchange Network) and EuroSDR organised a workshop in November 2017 on this topic: how to make the most of available technologies (in terms of precision, accuracy and cost) as well as how to achieve products comparability and reusability across scales, space and time. Main conclusion was that quite diverse national practices must be accounted, though the concept of separating land cover and land use was widely adopted. Besides, attendees express the need to connect to new communities: deep learning to cope with big data, and communities studying the surveyed phenomena to integrate more domain knowledge in land cover and land use surveying process. Last, meta-models like EAGLE supporting the comparison of classifications were recognized as a key SDI component.
The presentation will remind why data harmonization is useful, it will provide an overview of what has been achieved and explain the remaining difficulties.Numéro de notice : C2019-068 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComSansActesPubliés-Unpublished DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97023 Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl / Mojtaba Eslahi (2019)
Titre : Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl Titre original : Simulations de croissance urbaine pour représenter les impacts possibles des constructions et des contraintes environnementales sur l’étalement urbain Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mojtaba Eslahi, Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Directeur de thèse Editeur : Champs/Marne : Université Paris-Est Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 254 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse Université Paris-Est, discipline Sciences et Technologies de l’Information Géographique en Informatique à l'IFSTTARLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] bâtiment
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] démographie
[Termes IGN] dynamique spatiale
[Termes IGN] étalement urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] politique publique
[Termes IGN] politique territoriale
[Termes IGN] simulation spatiale
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The process of urbanization occurs mainly due to population growth, rural exodus to cities and life style that often induces the nearly irreversible changes. It increases the artificial lands, which affect the biodiversity, ecosystems, urban climate, and reduces land for agriculture and natural areas. The focus of this thesis is to simulate diverse urbanization scenarios in order to improve public policies decision making. To do this, the SLEUTH model is used in order to investigate the impacts of building types and environmental rules on urban sprawl. In the method used, the SLEUTH model integrates more topographic data, urban tissue and demographic data, including geographical features and the environmental constraints. The main challenge in this research is to propose different urban sprawl scenarios for different kind of environmental rules while taking into account the population demand or at least population growth estimation. The SLEUTH model is one of the well-known cellular automata simulation models, which matches the dynamic simulation of urban expansion and adapts to morphological model of the urban configuration. SLEUTH, like many other urban growth simulation methods, considers only the historical data. Although, the impacts of population growth and urban tissue are implicitly considered during the calibration phase on the historical urban maps, changes in population growth rate or in building types cannot be included in its simulations. Moreover, the SLEUTH results are limited to raster data that are difficult to interpret for decision makers. The results are some pixels on which urbanization is supposed to occur, which do not make much sense from urbanism point of view. Therefore, our research aims to diversify the simulation possibilities integrating explicitly factors of building types according to population growth and providing visual methods to view urban growth scenario results in 2D and even 3D. In order to improve the SLEUTH results, different 2D urban growth simulation scenarios have been defined based on the SLEUTH model by adding buildings type and the estimation of the population growth as urban fabric factors. Each simulation corresponds to policies that are more or less restrictive of spaces considering what these territories can accommodate as a type of building and as a global population. In addition, the simulations can help the user to protect the desired lands such as the environmental spaces from urbanization. These scenarios show the simulation capabilities of the model and make it possible to improve our understanding of an urban sprawl simulation. Three different case studies with various sizes and populations are used including Toulouse metropolitan, Saint Sulpice la Pointe and Rieucros to provide a view of the effectiveness of the proposed method on several scales. The results evaluation indicates that the proposed method makes different simulations that correspond to different land priorities and constraints. It helps to see which land can be protected (where) and how building type can be used to constrain urban sprawl (how much). A 3D representation for each prospective urban growth simulations is provided in order to facilitate the interpretation of the SLEUTH simulation and differentiate the scenarios. The findings allow having different images of the city of tomorrow for applying it to urban policies. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Urbanization and Urban Modeling
2- Methodology and Fundamentals for Model Construction
3- Application of the Model to Diversify the Simulations of Urban Sprawl
4- Creation of Fictive 3D Buildings to Facilitate the Interpretation of Simulation Results and Differentiate Scenarios
5- Conclusion and PerspectivesNuméro de notice : 25910 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique/Modélisation et simulation : Paris-Est : 2019 Organisme de stage : Institut de Recherche en Constructibilité IRC (IFSTTAR) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-02493929 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95906 Designing an integrated urban growth prediction model: a scenario-based approach for preserving scenic landscapes / Sepideh Saeidi in Geocarto international, vol 33 n° 12 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Designing an integrated urban growth prediction model: a scenario-based approach for preserving scenic landscapes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sepideh Saeidi, Auteur ; Seyed Hamed Mirkarimi, Auteur ; Marjan Mohammadzadeh, Auteur ; Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny, Auteur ; Colin Arrowsmith, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 1381 - 1397 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] Iran
[Termes IGN] méthode d'étalonnage basée sur le modèle
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] paysage urbain
[Termes IGN] Perceptron multicouche
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal artificielRésumé : (auteur) This study demonstrates the integration of landscape aesthetic quality and probable urban growth patterns in urban landscape modelling. This was performed using SLEUTH as a scenario-based urban growth model in Gorgan City of Iran. Future urbanization was predicted under developing three different scenarios including historical, managed and aesthetically sound urban growth up to the year 2030. Multi-Layer Perceptron neural network model was conducted for mapping the aesthetic suitability of the study area. The aesthetic suitability layer was used in the third scenario of SLEUTH model as the excluded layer to protect the scenic patches in future. The results showed that by correct implementation of urban growth policies, 323 ha in the second scenario and 650 ha in the third scenario would be saved. This integrated model would help the planners for a better management of urban landscapes as a Spatial Decision Support System. Numéro de notice : A2019-050 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2017.1353647 Date de publication en ligne : 24/07/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2017.1353647 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92071
in Geocarto international > vol 33 n° 12 (December 2018) . - pp 1381 - 1397[article]A new generation of the United States National Land Cover Database : Requirements, research priorities, design, and implementation strategies / Limin Yang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 146 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : A new generation of the United States National Land Cover Database : Requirements, research priorities, design, and implementation strategies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Limin Yang, Auteur ; Suming Jin, Auteur ; Patrick Danielson, Auteur ; Collin Homer, Auteur ; Leila Gass, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 108 - 123 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] base de données d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] couvert végétal
[Termes IGN] données multitemporelles
[Termes IGN] Etats-Unis
[Termes IGN] historique des données
[Termes IGN] image Landsat
[Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique)
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] zone humideRésumé : (Auteur) The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with several federal agencies, has developed and released four National Land Cover Database (NLCD) products over the past two decades: NLCD 1992, 2001, 2006, and 2011. These products provide spatially explicit and reliable information on the Nation’s land cover and land cover change. To continue the legacy of NLCD and further establish a long-term monitoring capability for the Nation’s land resources, the USGS has designed a new generation of NLCD products named NLCD 2016. The NLCD 2016 design aims to provide innovative, consistent, and robust methodologies for production of a multi-temporal land cover and land cover change database from 2001 to 2016 at 2–3-year intervals. Comprehensive research was conducted and resulted in developed strategies for NLCD 2016: a streamlined process for assembling and preprocessing Landsat imagery and geospatial ancillary datasets; a multi-source integrated training data development and decision-tree based land cover classifications; a temporally, spectrally, and spatially integrated land cover change analysis strategy; a hierarchical theme-based post-classification and integration protocol for generating land cover and change products; a continuous fields biophysical parameters modeling method; and an automated scripted operational system for the NLCD 2016 production. The performance of the developed strategies and methods were tested in twenty World Reference System-2 path/row throughout the conterminous U.S. An overall agreement ranging from 71% to 97% between land cover classification and reference data was achieved for all tested area and all years. Results from this study confirm the robustness of this comprehensive and highly automated procedure for NLCD 2016 operational mapping. Numéro de notice : A2018-537 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.006 Date de publication en ligne : 13/09/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.006 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91550
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