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Cartographic propaganda in the age of social media: Empirical evidence from Ethiopia / Daniel K. Waktola in Cartographica, Vol 57 n° 4 (December 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartographica > Vol 57 n° 4 (December 2022) . - pp 281 - 290 Titre : Cartographic propaganda in the age of social media: Empirical evidence from Ethiopia Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel K. Waktola, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 281 - 290 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie [Termes IGN] désinformation [Termes IGN] Ethiopie [Termes IGN] géopolitique [Termes IGN] information cartographique [Termes IGN] propagande [Termes IGN] représentation cartographique [Termes IGN] réseau social Résumé : (auteur) Cartographic propaganda is a conscious manipulation of a map to influence the reader’s belief. Countries often use it to claim disputed territories or project fear over opposing nations or political alliances, but little is known about the manipulations of maps along internal sociolinguistic and political fault lines on social media platforms. The author investigated the nature and intent of propaganda maps in Ethiopia before and after the 2018 government reform based on six purposely sampled maps prominently circulated on social media. While falling short of the acceptable cartographic qualities, the analysis of sample propaganda maps revealed two fundamental characteristics during the pre- and post-government reform. First, their role shifted from a centripetal force in the political coalition to a centrifugal force in the coalition’s disintegration. Second, their mode of dissemination transitioned from cartographic misinformation to disinformation. The findings of this study contribute empirical evidence to the ongoing cartographic information discourse that lags behind the rapidly changing map-making and map-sharing platforms in the age of geospatial and social media revolutions. Numéro de notice : A2022-218 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3138/cart-2022-0005 Date de publication en ligne : 01/12/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3138/cart-2022-0005 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102464 [article]

Terrain representation using orientation / Gene Trantham in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 49 n° 6 (November 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 49 n° 6 (November 2022) . - pp 479 - 491 Titre : Terrain representation using orientation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gene Trantham, Auteur ; Patrick Kennelly, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 479 - 491 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes IGN] données matricielles [Termes IGN] estompage [Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface [Termes IGN] ombre [Termes IGN] orientation [Termes IGN] représentation du relief [Termes IGN] teinte hypsométrique Résumé : (auteur) A terrain data model using orientation rather than elevation permits more efficient analysis and stores its data in a multi-band raster. Representation techniques from the computer graphics industry are readily adopted with this data model. A common data model for terrain surfaces–the raster digital elevation model (DEM)–carries with it limitations by emphasizing height. Derived products such as relief shading require additional processing to determine orientation, even though they are used more frequently than those relying on elevation (e.g. hypsometric tinting). We show some of the benefits of encoding and analyzing terrain based on surface orientation, an approach that uses normal vectors stored as multi-band raster, the data storage convention in the computer graphics industry. A change in the data model and the conceptualization of the surface’s defining characteristics allows relief shading methods to run faster than conventional tools. Processing efficiencies are especially useful for more advanced shading models that may employ hundreds of relief shading calculations. In addition, an orientation-focused approach to terrain permits cartographic techniques to parallel common computer graphics methods. This project explores one such method, normal-mapping, an effect that adds texture to conventional relief shading by perturbing surface normal vectors. Numéro de notice : A2022-844 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2022.2035256 Date de publication en ligne : 03/03/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2022.2035256 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102072 [article]

Cartographic enclosure and urban cadastral mapping in the Ethiopian Somali capital / Romy Emmenegger in Cartographica, vol 57 n° 3 (September 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartographica > vol 57 n° 3 (September 2022) . - pp 226 - 238 Titre : Cartographic enclosure and urban cadastral mapping in the Ethiopian Somali capital Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Romy Emmenegger, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 226 - 238 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cadastre étranger [Termes IGN] aménagement du territoire [Termes IGN] cadastre étranger [Termes IGN] cartographie cadastrale [Termes IGN] Ethiopie [Termes IGN] géoréférencement [Termes IGN] propriété foncière [Termes IGN] représentation cartographique [Termes IGN] territoire [Termes IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (auteur) Cadastral maps, which are designed as comprehensive systems for recording and surveying land relations, are critical for making society legible and governable. However, critical cartography scholarship suggests that exercising power through maps is not straightforward: It is dependent on how maps are created and used during the mapping process. This paper examines cadastral mapping in Jigjiga, a multi-ethnic city in the Ethiopian Somali frontier where state authority over land and people have long been contested among ethnic Somali residents. This paper follows the ruling government’s renewed attempt to establish land control through spatial planning based on document analysis and ethnographic fieldwork. It investigates how urban planners enclose the city’s property landscape cartographically on land use maps and how land surveyors used these maps to georeference property. It demonstrates the critical role of land governance experts in navigating the simplified map and a complex property landscape on the ground. Cadastral mapping is instrumental for state territorialization and land commodification, integrating ethnic Somali property into the sedentary logic of the state. Rather than providing an account of how property is rendered legible, this paper highlights the incomplete and open-ended character of cadastral mapping in the constitution of private property regimes. Numéro de notice : A2022-849 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3138/cart-2021-0011 Date de publication en ligne : 04/11/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3138/cart-2021-0011 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102087 [article]

A general model for creating robust choropleth maps / Wangshu Mu in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 96 (September 2022)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 96 (September 2022) . - n° 101850 Titre : A general model for creating robust choropleth maps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Wangshu Mu, Auteur ; Daoqin Tong, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 101850 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie [Termes IGN] carte choroplèthe [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] méthode du maximum de vraisemblance (estimation) [Termes IGN] méthode robuste [Termes IGN] optimisation par essaim de particules [Termes IGN] programmation dynamique Résumé : (auteur) Choropleth maps visualize areal geographical data by grouping data into a few map classes and assigning different colors, shades, or patterns. Recent studies show that data uncertainty, commonly observed in real-life applications, should also be accounted for when determining the best classification scheme. Due to data uncertainty, a few studies note that map units might be placed in a wrong class, and the concept of map robustness has been introduced to minimize such misplacement. Recently, an algorithm has been developed to integrate robustness into the design of the optimal map classification scheme. However, the existing algorithm has two limitations: first, it is only suitable for certain robustness metrics. Second, when identifying the optimal class breaks, the existing algorithm requires predefined candidate class break values, which might lead to sub-optimal solutions. This paper resolves these issues by proposing a new model, namely, the Continuous Robust Map Classification Problem (CRMCP), and the associated solution approach. The CRMCP allows mapmakers to customize robustness metrics according to their data and applications. In addition, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to solve the CRMCP. The model and algorithm are tested using American Community Survey data. Test results suggest that the new approach can find better solutions than the existing algorithm. The study improves the usability of choropleth maps when uncertain geographical attributes are involved and allows spatial analysts and decision-makers to incorporate robustness into the mapmaking process more flexibly. Numéro de notice : A2022-514 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101850 Date de publication en ligne : 28/06/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101850 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101055 [article]

Pourquoi le rendu des zones rocheuses sur les nouvelles cartes IGN est-il si différent de l’ancien ? / Paul Courbon in XYZ, n° 172 (septembre 2022)

Public [article]  inXYZ > n° 172 (septembre 2022) . - pp 27 - 30 Titre : Pourquoi le rendu des zones rocheuses sur les nouvelles cartes IGN est-il si différent de l’ancien ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Paul Courbon, Auteur ; Dominique Foubert, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 27 - 30 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes IGN] BD Topo [Termes IGN] carte Top 25 [Termes IGN] carte topographique [Termes IGN] courbe de niveau [Termes IGN] falaise [Termes IGN] géoportail [Termes IGN] représentation cartographique [Termes IGN] rocher [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique Résumé : (Auteur) La rédaction de XYZ est alertée par Paul Courbon, l'un de nos auteurs, sur le rendu des zones rocheuses sur les nouvelles cartes IGN. Il compare les anciennes cartes au 1:25000 et les nouvelles, que l’on peut également visualiser sur le Géoportail. Excès d’automatisation du dessin, mauvais choix dans les méthodes de restitution, économie des moyens en personnels, Paul essaie de comprendre pourquoi il ne retrouve plus les falaises d’antan, leurs courbes de niveau et leurs ombrages. Sollicité, Dominique Foubert, ancien topographe du service de la cartographie à l’IGN, nous déroule des pistes de réflexion liées à l’historique de la production des cartes. Effectivement, grâce à l’appui de Christophe Pécot, les souvenirs se précisent et Dominique nous explique “pourquoi et comment” on en est arrivé là. Numéro de notice : A2022-673 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 01/09/2022 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101637 [article]

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