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Termes IGN > environnement > écologie
écologie
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Bionomie, Influence du milieu. Science de l'environnement. >> Aspect de l'environnement, Biologie des populations, Catastrophe écologique, Écologie animale, Écologie végétale, Écosystème, Environnement, Habitat (écologie). >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Adaptation (biologie), Socialisme et écologie, Macroécologie, Autoécologie, Bioclimatologie, Biome, Éco-industrie, Écologie agricole, Écologie appliquée, Écologie chimique, Écologie moléculaire, Écologie spatiale, Écophysiologie, Géoécologie, Hétérogénéité écologique, Intégrité écologique, Paléoécologie, Radioécologie, Restauration écologique, Succession écologique. Equiv. LCSH : Ecology. Domaine(s) : 570. Voir aussi |
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Effect of riparian soil moisture on bacterial, fungal and plant communities and microbial decomposition rates in boreal stream-side forests / M.J. Annala in Forest ecology and management, vol 519 (September-1 2022)
[article]
Titre : Effect of riparian soil moisture on bacterial, fungal and plant communities and microbial decomposition rates in boreal stream-side forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M.J. Annala, Auteur ; K. Lehosmaa, Auteur ; S.H.K. Ahonen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120344 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] cours d'eau
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] forêt ripicole
[Termes IGN] Fungi
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] micro-organisme
[Termes IGN] plante ripicole
[Termes IGN] taxinomie
[Termes IGN] zone tampon
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Riparian habitats of boreal forests are considered as hotspots for biochemical processes and biodiversity, and varying width riparian buffers have been proposed to protect species diversity of the riparian forests. However, evidence of the role of soil moisture variation in shaping riparian biodiversity and ecosystem functioning remain scarce particularly regarding belowground diversity. We studied how distance from the stream and soil moisture of the riparian zone affected species richness and community composition of plants, bacteria, and fungi as well as microbial decomposition rates. Using a split-plot design with a plant survey and amplicon sequencing for microorganisms we identified taxa associated with different categories of moisture and distance from the stream along six headwater stream-sides in middle boreal forests in Northern Finland. Tea-bag Index was used to assess the decomposition rates. PERMANOVA and linear mixed-effect models were used to analyze the data. Variation in riparian soil moisture influenced species composition and richness of plants and bacteria. Plant communities also changed from herbaceous dominated to shrub dominated with increasing distance from the stream. Fungal communities, however, did not respond to soil moisture or distance from the stream, and there were only slight differences in fungal trophic guilds among moisture and distance categories. Decomposition of organic material by microorganisms was faster adjacent to the stream than further away, and moist riparian areas had higher decomposition rates than drier ones. Decomposition rates were positively related to pH, Ca, Mg and NH4 and soil temperature. Synthesis and applications We show that above- and belowground diversity and microbial decomposition are associated to soil moisture at riparian sites supporting the idea of leaving wider unmanaged buffers in moist habitats to safeguard the overall forest diversity. Our findings further emphasize the need to consider soil moisture when planning the measures for riparian protection as changes in riparian soil moisture could lead to deterioration of organic matter decomposition. Different responses of the examined plant and microbial communities to riparian soil conditions clearly imply that overall riparian diversity cannot be explained based on a single community type, and that different organisms may respond differently to human-induced changes in stream riparian zone. Numéro de notice : A2022-485 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120344 Date de publication en ligne : 04/06/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120344 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100923
in Forest ecology and management > vol 519 (September-1 2022) . - n° 120344[article]Experimental precipitation reduction slows down litter decomposition but exhibits weak to no effect on soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in three Mediterranean forests of Southern France / Mathieu Santonja in Forests, vol 13 n° 9 (september 2022)
[article]
Titre : Experimental precipitation reduction slows down litter decomposition but exhibits weak to no effect on soil organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in three Mediterranean forests of Southern France Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mathieu Santonja, Auteur ; Susana Pereira, Auteur ; Thierry Gauquelin, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 1485 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] déchet organique
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] forêt méditerranéenne
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] litière
[Termes IGN] Pinus halepensis
[Termes IGN] précipitation
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] Quercus ilex
[Termes IGN] Quercus pubescens
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Forest ecosystems are some of the largest carbon (C) reservoirs on earth. Pinus halepensis Mill., Quercus ilex L. and Quercus pubescens Willd. represent the dominant tree cover in the Mediterranean forests of southern France. However, their contributions to the French and global forest C and nitrogen (N) stocks are frequently overlooked and inaccurately quantified and little is known about to what extent the ongoing climate change can alter these stocks. We quantified the soil organic C (SOC) and N (SN) stocks in Mediterranean forests dominated by these tree species and evaluated to what extent an experimental precipitation reduction (about −30% yearly) affects these stocks and the litter decomposition efficiency. Litter mass losses were 55.7, 49.8 and 45.7% after 24 months of decomposition in Q. ilex, Q. pubescens and P. halepensis forests, respectively, and were 19% lower under drier climatic conditions. The SOC stocks were 14.0, 16.7 and 18.5 Mg ha−1 and the SN stocks were 0.70, 0.93 and 0.88 Mg ha−1 in Q. ilex, Q. pubescens and P. halepensis forests, respectively. The shallowness and stoniness of these Mediterranean forests could explain these limited stocks. By distinguishing the organic from the organo–mineral layer, we showed 74% less SOC in the organic layer of the P. halepensis forest under drier conditions, while no difference was detected in the organo–mineral layer or in the two oak forests. This last finding deserves further investigation and points out the necessity to distinguish the organic from the organo–mineral layer to detect the first impacts of climate change on SOC stocks. Numéro de notice : A2022-753 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f13091485 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f13091485 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101756
in Forests > vol 13 n° 9 (september 2022) . - n° 1485[article]Large-scale diachronic surveys of the composition and dynamics of plant communities in Pyrenean snowbeds / Thomas Masclaux in Plant ecology, Vol 223 n° 9 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : Large-scale diachronic surveys of the composition and dynamics of plant communities in Pyrenean snowbeds Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Thomas Masclaux, Auteur ; Gérard Largier, Auteur ; Jocelyne Cambecèdes, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 1103 - 1119 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] botanique systématique
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] manteau neigeux
[Termes IGN] névé
[Termes IGN] phytosociologie
[Termes IGN] Pyrénées (montagne)
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) The impact of ongoing climate change on plant communities varies according to vegetation type and location across the globe. Snowbed flora count among the most sensitive vegetation due to their dependence on long-lasting snow patches. This is especially the case toward their rear distribution edge, where warming has already induced a marked decrease in snow deposition. Thus, analysing the dynamics of snowbed plant communities is crucial for understanding the ecological processes that condition their persistence under new environmental conditions. The Pyrenees represent the southern distribution limit of several eurosiberian snowbed species. We surveyed eight snowbeds based on permanent plots, where the presence of each taxon was recorded annually between 2012 and 2019. We analysed vegetation patterns between sites and plots, related them to environmental gradients, and assessed temporal trends of community dynamics. We detected important between-site differences regarding species composition. However, these differences were not supported by species' biogeographical patterns, which suggests that local abiotic factors filter species with distinct autecology. In parallel, temporal community turnover was observed through the expansion of widespread grassland species, which supports the hypothesis of colonisation of snowbeds by common alpine taxa. Such changes could be related to a decrease in snow cover over recent times, which releases extreme environmental constraints to plant growth. Therefore, it is crucial to characterise fine-scale ecological conditions to forecast plant community dynamics and provide reliable information for conserving snowbed vegetation across the Palearctic. Numéro de notice : A2022-711 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s11258-022-01261-6 Date de publication en ligne : 16/08/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-022-01261-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101589
in Plant ecology > Vol 223 n° 9 (September 2022) . - pp 1103 - 1119[article]Mainstreaming remotely sensed ecosystem functioning in ecological niche models / Adrián Regos in Remote sensing in ecology and conservation, vol 8 n° 4 (August 2022)
[article]
Titre : Mainstreaming remotely sensed ecosystem functioning in ecological niche models Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Adrián Regos, Auteur ; João Gonçalves, Auteur ; Salvador Arenas-Castro, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 431 - 447 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] carbone
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] habitat animal
[Termes IGN] image Aqua-MODIS
[Termes IGN] image Terra-MODIS
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] niche écologiqueRésumé : (auteur) Biodiversity is declining globally at unprecedented rates. Ecological niche mod-els (ENMs) are one of the most widely used toolsets to appraise global changeimpacts on biodiversity. Here, we identify a variety of advantages of incorporat-ing remotely sensed ecosystem functioning attributes (EFAs) into ENMs. Thedevelopment of ENMs that explicitly incorporate ecosystem functioning willallow a more holistic and integrative perspective of the habitat dynamics. Thesynergies between the increasingly available open-access satellite images andcloud-based platforms for planetary-scale geospatial analysis offer an unprece-dented opportunity to incorporate ecosystem processes and disturbances (suchas fires, insect outbreaks or droughts) that have been so far largely neglected inecological niche characterization and modelling. The most paradigmatic exam-ple of EFAs is the application of time series of spectral vegetation indicesrelated to primary productivity and carbon cycle. EFAs related to surface energybalance and water cycles derived from remote sensing products such as landsurface temperature or soil moisture enable a fine-scale characterization of thespecies’ niche—eventually improving the predictive performance of ENMs. Allthese advantages confirm that a new generation of ENMs based on such EFAswould offer great perspectives to increase our ability to monitor habitat suit-ability trends and population dynamics. However, despite the technicaladvances and increasing effort of remote sensing community to develop inte-grative EFAs, ENMs have yet to make full profit of the most recent develop-ments by integrating them in ENMs. A coordinated agenda for remote sensingexperts and ecological modellers will be essential over the coming years tobridge the gap between remote sensing and ecology disciplines and to take full(and timely) advantage of the fast-growing body of Earth observation data andremote sensing technologies—with special emphasis on the development andtesting of new variables related to key processes driving ecosystem functioning. Numéro de notice : A2022-715 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1002/rse2.255 Date de publication en ligne : 15/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.255 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101614
in Remote sensing in ecology and conservation > vol 8 n° 4 (August 2022) . - pp 431 - 447[article]Mapping land-use intensity of grasslands in Germany with machine learning and Sentinel-2 time series / Maximilian Lange in Remote sensing of environment, vol 277 (August 2022)
[article]
Titre : Mapping land-use intensity of grasslands in Germany with machine learning and Sentinel-2 time series Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maximilian Lange, Auteur ; Hannes Feilhauer, Auteur ; Ingolf Kühn, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 112888 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] Allemagne
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] bande spectrale
[Termes IGN] carte d'utilisation du sol
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] échantillonnage de données
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] prairie
[Termes IGN] série temporelleRésumé : (auteur) Information on grassland land-use intensity (LUI) is crucial for understanding trends and dynamics in biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, earth system science and environmental monitoring. LUI is a major driver for numerous environmental processes and indicators, such as primary production, nitrogen deposition and resilience to climate extremes. However, large extent, high resolution data on grassland LUI is rare. New satellite generations, such as Copernicus Sentinel-2, enable a spatially comprehensive detection of the mainly subtle changes induced by land-use intensification by their fine spatial and temporal resolution. We developed a methodology quantifying key parameters of grassland LUI such as grazing intensity, mowing frequency and fertiliser application across Germany using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) on Sentinel-2 satellite data with 20 m × 20 m spatial resolution. Subsequently, these land-use components were used to calculate a continuous LUI index. Predictions of LUI and its components were validated using comprehensive in situ grassland management data. A feature contribution analysis using Shapley values substantiates the applicability of the methodology by revealing a high relevance of springtime satellite observations and spectral bands related to vegetation health and structure. We achieved an overall classification accuracy of up to 66% for grazing intensity, 68% for mowing, 85% for fertilisation and an r2 of 0.82 for subsequently depicting LUI. We evaluated the methodology's robustness with a spatial 3-fold cross-validation by training and predicting on geographically distinctly separated regions. Spatial transferability was assessed by delineating the models' area of applicability. The presented methodology enables a high resolution, large extent mapping of land-use intensity of grasslands. Numéro de notice : A2022-468 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2022.112888 Date de publication en ligne : 13/05/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.112888 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100805
in Remote sensing of environment > vol 277 (August 2022) . - n° 112888[article]Remote sensing and phytoecological methods for mapping and assessing potential ecosystem services of the Ouled Hannèche Forest in the Hodna Mountains, Algeria / Amal Louail in Forests, Vol 13 n° 8 (August 2022)PermalinkTracing drought effects from the tree to the stand growth in temperate and Mediterranean forests: insights and consequences for forest ecology and management / Hans Pretzsch in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 141 n° 4 (August 2022)PermalinkTracking annual dynamics of mangrove forests in mangrove National Nature Reserves of China based on time series Sentinel-2 imagery during 2016–2020 / Rong Zhang in International journal of applied Earth observation and geoinformation, vol 112 (August 2022)PermalinkTransfer learning from citizen science photographs enables plant species identification in UAV imagery / Salim Soltani in ISPRS Open Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, vol 5 (August 2022)PermalinkMultiscale assimilation of Sentinel and Landsat data for soil moisture and Leaf Area Index predictions using an ensemble-Kalman-filter-based assimilation approach in a heterogeneous ecosystem / Nicola Montaldo in Remote sensing, vol 14 n° 14 (July-2 2022)PermalinkEmissions of CO2 from downed logs of different species and the surrounding soil in temperate forest / Ewa Błońska in Annals of forest research, Vol 65 n° 2 (July - December 2022)PermalinkHeat wave-induced augmentation of surface urban heat islands strongly regulated by rural background / Shiqi Miao in Sustainable Cities and Society, vol 82 (July 2022)PermalinkHow large-scale bark beetle infestations influence the protective effects of forest stands against avalanches: A case study in the Swiss Alps / Marion E. Caduff in Forest ecology and management, vol 514 (June-15 2022)PermalinkCombination of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data for tree species classification in a Central European biosphere reserve / Michael Lechner in Remote sensing, vol 14 n° 11 (June-1 2022)PermalinkHow can Sentinel-2 contribute to seagrass mapping in shallow, turbid Baltic Sea waters? / Katja Kuhwald in Remote sensing in ecology and conservation, vol 8 n° 3 (June 2022)Permalink