Descripteur
Termes IGN > sciences naturelles > sciences de la vie
sciences de la vie
Commentaire :
Sciences biologiques Sciences naturelles >> Spécialistes des sciences de la vie Vie (biologie) >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Mycologie Biologie Botanique Sciences de la santé Zoologie Equiv. LCSH : Life sciences |
Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (2484)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externes
Etendre la recherche sur niveau(x) vers le bas
Interactive effects of abiotic factors and biotic agents on Scots pine dieback: A multivariate modeling approach in southeast France / Jean Lemaire in Forest ecology and management, vol 526 (December-15 2022)
[article]
Titre : Interactive effects of abiotic factors and biotic agents on Scots pine dieback: A multivariate modeling approach in southeast France Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jean Lemaire, Auteur ; Michel Vennetier, Auteur ; Bernard Prévosto, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120543 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] bilan hydrique
[Termes IGN] climat méditerranéen
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] diagnostic foliaire
[Termes IGN] facteur édaphique
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] indice foliaire
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] régression des moindres carrés partiels
[Termes IGN] Viscum album
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Forest dieback is a high risk factor for the sustainability of these ecosystems in the climate change context. Productivity losses and increased defoliation and mortality rates have already been recorded for many tree species worldwide. However, dieback is a process that depends on complex interactions between many biotic and environmental factors acting at different scales, and is thus difficult to address and predict. Our aim was to build tree- and stand-level foliar deficit models integrating biotic and abiotic factors for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), a species particularly threatened in Europe, and especially in the southeastern part of France. To this end, we quantified foliar deficit in 1740 trees from 87 plots distributed along an environmental gradient. We also measured tree annual radial growth and the abundance of two parasites: the pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa Den. & Schiff.) and mistletoe (Viscum album L.). Topographic, soil, climate and water balance indices were assessed for each plot, together with the stand dendrometric characteristics. Given the large number of environmental factors and the strong correlations between many of them, models were developed using a partial least squares (PLS) regression approach. All the models pointed to a preponderance of the biotic factors (processionary moth and mistletoe) in explaining the intensity of foliar deficit at both tree- and stand- levels. We also show that strong interactions between climate, soil, water balance and biotic factors help to explain the intensity of dieback. Dieback was thus greater in the driest topoedaphic and climatic conditions where the mistletoe and processionary moth were present. This study highlights the need to account for a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors to explain the complex process of forest dieback, and especially the environmental variables that contribute to the water balance on the local scale. The phenomenological modeling approach presented here can be used in other regions and for other species, after a re-calibration and some adaptations to local constraints considering the limited distribution area of some biotic agents. Numéro de notice : A2022-825 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120543 Date de publication en ligne : 20/10/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120543 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102003
in Forest ecology and management > vol 526 (December-15 2022) . - n° 120543[article]Above ground biomass estimation from UAV high resolution RGB images and LiDAR data in a pine forest in Southern Italy / Mauro Maesano in iForest, biogeosciences and forestry, vol 15 n° 6 (December 2022)
[article]
Titre : Above ground biomass estimation from UAV high resolution RGB images and LiDAR data in a pine forest in Southern Italy Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mauro Maesano, Auteur ; Giovanni Santopuoli, Auteur ; Federico Valerio Moresi, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 451-457 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] Calabre
[Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable
[Termes IGN] image captée par drone
[Termes IGN] image RVB
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] régression
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] structure-from-motionRésumé : (auteur) Knowledge of forest biomass is an essential parameter for managing the forest in a sustainable way, as forest biomass data availability and reliability are necessary for forestry and forest planning, but also for the carbon market as well as to support the local economy in the mountain and inner areas. However, the accurate quantification of the above-ground biomass (AGB) is still a challenge both at the local and global levels. The use of remote sensing techniques with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) platforms can be an excellent trade-off between resolution, scale, and frequency data of AGB estimation. In this study, we evaluated the combined use of RGB images from UAV, LiDAR data and ground truth data to estimate AGB in a forested watershed in Southern Italy. A low-cost AGB estimation method was adopted using a commercial fixed-wing drone equipped with an RGB camera, combined with the canopy information derived by LiDAR and validated by field data. Two modelling methods (stepwise regression, SR and random forest, RF) were used to estimate forest AGB. The output was an accurate maps of AGB for each model. The RF model showed better accuracy than the Steplm model, and the R2 increased from 0.81 to 0.86, and the RMSE and MAE values were decreased from 45.5 to 31.7 Mg ha-1 and from 34.2 to 22.1 Mg ha-1 respectively. We demonstrated that by increasing the computing efficiency through a machine learning algorithm, readily available images can be used to obtain satisfactory results, as proven by the accuracy of the Random forest above biomass estimation model. Numéro de notice : A2022-903 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3832/ifor3781-015 Date de publication en ligne : 03/11/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3781-015 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102299
in iForest, biogeosciences and forestry > vol 15 n° 6 (December 2022) . - pp 451-457[article]Assessment of camera focal length influence on canopy reconstruction quality / Martin Denter in ISPRS Open Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, vol 6 (December 2022)
[article]
Titre : Assessment of camera focal length influence on canopy reconstruction quality Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Martin Denter, Auteur ; Julian Frey, Auteur ; Teja Kattenborn, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 100025 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie
[Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Acer pseudoplatanus
[Termes IGN] Allemagne
[Termes IGN] canopée
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] image captée par drone
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] longueur focale
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] parcelle forestière
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] reconstruction d'image
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] structure-from-motionRésumé : (auteur) Unoccupied aerial vehicles (UAV) with RGB-cameras are affordable and versatile devices for the generation of a series of remote sensing products that can be used for forest inventory tasks, such as creating high-resolution orthomosaics and canopy height models. The latter may serve purposes including tree species identification, forest damage assessments, canopy height or timber stock assessments. Besides flight and image acquisition parameters such as image overlap, flight height, and weather conditions, the focal length, which determines the opening angle of the camera lens, is a parameter that influences the reconstruction quality. Despite its importance, the effect of focal length on the quality of 3D reconstructions of forests has received little attention in the literature. Shorter focal lengths result in more accurate distance estimates in the nadir direction since small angular errors lead to large positional errors in narrow opening angles. In this study, 3D reconstructions of four UAV-acquisitions with different focal lengths (21, 35, 50, and 85 mm) on a 1 ha mature mixed forest plot were compared to reference point clouds derived from high quality Terrestrial Laser Scans. Shorter focal lengths (21 and 35 mm) led to a higher agreement with the TLS scans and thus better reconstruction quality, while at 50 mm, quality losses were observed, and at 85 mm, the quality was considerably worse. F1-scores calculated from a voxel representation of the point clouds amounted to 0.254 with 35 mm and 0.201 with 85 mm. The precision with 21 mm focal length was 0.466 and 0.302 with 85 mm. We thus recommend a focal length no longer than 35 mm during UAV Structure from Motion (SfM) data acquisition for forest management practices. Numéro de notice : A2022-870 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.ophoto.2022.100025 Date de publication en ligne : 09/11/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2022.100025 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102164
in ISPRS Open Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing > vol 6 (December 2022) . - n° 100025[article]Climate and ungulate browsing impair regeneration dynamics in spruce-fir-beech forests in the French Alps / Mithila Unkule in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Climate and ungulate browsing impair regeneration dynamics in spruce-fir-beech forests in the French Alps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mithila Unkule, Auteur ; Christian Piedallu, Auteur ; Philippe Balandier, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 11 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] Alpes (France)
[Termes IGN] Cervidae
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] faune locale
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] Jura, massif du
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] placette d'échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Key message: Different components of water balance and temperature reduce density and height growth of saplings of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst (Norway spruce), Abies alba Mill. (silver fir) and Fagus sylvatica L. (European beech) in mixed uneven-aged forests in the French Alps and Jura mountains. Ungulate browsing is an additional pressure on fir and beech that could jeopardise the renewal of these species in the future.
Context: The uncertainty in tree recruitment rates raises questions about the factors affecting regeneration processes in forests. Factors such as climate, light, competition and ungulate browsing pressure may play an important role in determining regeneration, forest structures and thus future forest composition.
Aims: The objective of this study was to quantify sapling densities and height increments of spruce, fir and beech and to identify dominant environmental variables influencing them in mixed uneven-aged forests in the French Alps and Jura mountains.
Methods: Sapling height increment and density were recorded in 152 plots, and non-linear mixed models were obtained to establish relations between them and environmental factors known to affect regeneration, namely altitude, slope, aspect, canopy openness, soil characteristics, temperature, precipitation and ungulate browsing.
Results: Regeneration density, varying from 0 to 7 saplings per m 2, decreased with sapling height and was also negatively affected for spruce by PET, but positively for fir by precipitation and for beech by mean annual soil water content. Height increment reached up to 50 cm annually, increasing with sapling height and canopy openness and decreasing under high maximum summer temperatures for spruce and beech. The statistical effect of different environmental variables varied slightly among species but trends were quite similar. Additionally, ungulate browsing was high, with fir being the most intensely browsed, followed closely by beech, while spruce was rarely browsed.
Conclusions: All these results suggest that more temperature warming and a decrease in water availability could negatively impact sapling growth and density in the three species, with possible reduction of forest renewal fluxes. The observed increase of ungulate populations leading to increased browsing could be particularly detrimental to fir saplings.Numéro de notice : A2022-509 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s13595-022-01126-y Date de publication en ligne : 23/03/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13595-022-01126-y Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101045
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 79 n° 1 (2022) . - n° 11[article]Climate change-induced background tree mortality is exacerbated towards the warm limits of the species ranges / Adrien Taccoen in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)
[article]
Titre : Climate change-induced background tree mortality is exacerbated towards the warm limits of the species ranges Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Adrien Taccoen, Auteur ; Christian Piedallu, Auteur ; Ingrid Seynave, Auteur ; Anne Gégout-Petit, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Gégout, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 23 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arbre mort
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] espèce végétale
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France)
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Key message : An influence of the recent changes in temperature or rainfall was demonstrated, increasing background tree mortality rates for 2/3 of the 12 studied tree species. Climate change-induced tree mortality was exacerbated towards the warm or dry limits of the species ranges, suggesting in these areas a progressive replacement by more xeric species.
Context : Despite the identification of climate change effects on tree mortality in various biomes, the characterization of species-specific areas of vulnerability remains poorly understood.
Aims : We sought to assess if the effects of temperature and rainfall changes on background tree mortality rates, which did not result from abrupt disturbances, were linked to climate change intensity only, or if they also depended on the tree’s location along climatic gradients.
Methods : We modelled background mortality for 12 of the most common European tree species using 265,056 trees including 4384 dead trees from the French national forest inventory. To explain mortality, we considered variables linked to tree characteristics, stand attributes, logging intensity and site environmental characteristics, and climate change effects.
Results : We found an influence of temperature and rainfall changes on 9 species out of 12. For 8 of them, climate change-induced tree mortality was exacerbated towards the warm or dry limits of the species ranges.
Conclusion : These results highlight that tree mortality varies according to the climate change intensity and the tree location along temperature and rainfall gradients. They strengthen the poleward and upward shifts of trees forecasted from climate envelope models for a large number of European tree species.Numéro de notice : A2022-440 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1186/s13595-022-01142-y Date de publication en ligne : 30/05/2022 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13595-022-01142-y Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100773
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 79 n° 1 (2022) . - n° 23[article]Climate envelope analyses suggests significant rearrangements in the distribution ranges of Central European tree species / Gàbor Illés in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)PermalinkComparison of methods for the automatic classification of forest habitat types in the Southern Alps : Application to ecological data from the French national forest inventory / Charlotte Labit in Biodiversity & Conservation, vol 31 n° 13-14 (December 2022)PermalinkDendrometric data from the silvicultural scenarios developed by Office National des Forêts (ONF) in France: a tool for applied research and carbon storage estimates / Salomé Fournier in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)PermalinkDesiccation does not increase frost resistance of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) seeds / Paweł Chmielarz in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)PermalinkDiscriminating pure Tamarix species and their putative hybrids using field spectrometer / Solomon G. Tesfamichael in Geocarto international, vol 37 n° 25 ([01/12/2022])PermalinkEffect of climate on cork-ring width and density of Quercus suber L. in Southern Portugal / Augusta Costa in Trees, vol 36 n° 6 (December 2022)PermalinkEstimating 10-m land surface albedo from Sentinel-2 satellite observations using a direct estimation approach with Google Earth Engine / Xingwen Lin in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 194 (December 2022)PermalinkForêt amazonienne : de nouveau sous contrôle ? / Laurent Polidori in Géomètre, n° 2208 (décembre 2022)PermalinkHarvested area did not increase abruptly-how advancements in satellite-based mapping led to erroneous conclusions / Johannes Breidenbach in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)PermalinkIdentification and spatial extent of understory plant species requiring vegetation control to ensure tree regeneration in French forests / Noé Dumas in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)Permalink