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Detection of pictorial map objects with convolutional neural networks / Raimund Schnürer in Cartographic journal (the), vol 58 n° 1 (August 2021)  

Public [article]  inCartographic journal (the) > vol 58 n° 1 (August 2021) . - pp 50 - 68 Titre : Detection of pictorial map objects with convolutional neural networks Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Raimund Schnürer, Auteur ; René Sieber, Auteur ; Jost Schmid-Lanter, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 50 - 68 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image [Termes IGN] base de données d'images [Termes IGN] bibliothèque numérique [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] carte numérique [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] détection d'objet [Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes IGN] objet cartographique [Termes IGN] pictogramme Résumé : (auteur) In this work, realistically drawn objects are identified on digital maps by convolutional neural networks. For the first two experiments, 6200 images were retrieved from Pinterest. While alternating image input options, two binary classifiers based on Xception and InceptionResNetV2 were trained to separate maps and pictorial maps. Results showed that the accuracy is 95–97% to distinguish maps from other images, whereas maps with pictorial objects are correctly classified at rates of 87–92%. For a third experiment, bounding boxes of 3200 sailing ships were annotated in historic maps from different digital libraries. Faster R-CNN and RetinaNet were compared to determine the box coordinates, while adjusting anchor scales and examining configurations for small objects. A resulting average precision of 32% was obtained for Faster R-CNN and of 36% for RetinaNet. Research outcomes are relevant for trawling map images on the Internet and for enhancing the advanced search of digital map catalogues. Numéro de notice : A2021-651 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00087041.2020.1738112 date de publication en ligne : 11/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2020.1738112 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98381 [article]

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Famous charts and forgotten fragments: exploring correlations in early Portuguese nautical cartography / Bruno Almeida in International journal of cartography, vol 7 n° 1 (March 2021)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 7 n° 1 (March 2021) . - pp 38 - 59 Titre : Famous charts and forgotten fragments: exploring correlations in early Portuguese nautical cartography Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bruno Almeida, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 38 - 59 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie ancienne [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] cartographie étrangère [Termes IGN] cartométrie [Termes IGN] corrélation automatique de points homologues [Termes IGN] histoire de la cartographie [Termes IGN] Portugal [Termes IGN] portulan [Termes IGN] seizième siècle [Termes IGN] toponymie locale Résumé : (Auteur) The authors of the well-known collection Portugaliae Monumenta Cartographica hinted at connections between two anonymous portolan charts from the beginning of the sixteenth century, namely the portolan chart at the Bibliothèque Municipale of Dijon and a fragment of a chart kept in Lisbon in the Archive at Torre do Tombo. Later, they also mentioned affinities between those two charts and the famous chart known as Kunstmann III. However, they did not pursue these observations further. The present paper proceeds from where those researchers stopped investigating and proposes a fresh look on this cartographic material by combining a traditional historical approach with modern digital techniques. First, a comparative study of the toponomy of a common area of the charts will be presented. Later, each chart will be examined with the help of cartometric methods to access their implicit geometry. The advancements on the study of correlations between these charts will be shown, thus confirming that the combination of traditional and digital methods of investigation open very promising perspectives to the study of unsolved questions in the History of Cartography. Numéro de notice : A2021-182 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2019.1705226 date de publication en ligne : 02/03/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2019.1705226 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97101 [article]

Extracting knowledge from legacy maps to delineate eco-geographical regions / Lin Yang in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 35 n° 2 (February 2021)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 35 n° 2 (February 2021) . - pp 250 - 272 Titre : Extracting knowledge from legacy maps to delineate eco-geographical regions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lin Yang, Auteur ; Xinming Li, Auteur ; Qinye Yang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 250 - 272 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie thématique [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] carte climatique [Termes IGN] cartographie écologique [Termes IGN] Chine [Termes IGN] délimitation [Termes IGN] données cartographiques [Termes IGN] écorégion [Termes IGN] extraction de données [Termes IGN] logique floue [Termes IGN] sous ensemble flou [Termes IGN] zone tampon Résumé : (auteur) Legacy ecoregion maps contain knowledge on relationships between eco-region units and their environmental factors. This study proposes a method to extract knowledge from legacy area-class maps to formulate a set of fuzzy membership functions useful for regionalization. We develop a buffer zone approach to reduce the uncertainty of boundaries between eco-region units on area-class maps. We generate buffer zones with a Euclidean distance perpendicular to the boundaries, then the original eco-region units without buffer zones serve as the basic units to generate the probability density functions (PDF) of environmental variables. Then, we transform the PDFs to fuzzy membership functions for class-zones on the map. We demonstrate the proposed method with a climatic zone map of China. The results showed that the buffer zone approach effectively reduced the uncertainties of boundaries. A buffer distance of 10–15 km was recommended in this study. The climatic zone map generated based on the extracted fuzzy membership functions showed a higher spatial stratification heterogeneity (compared to the original map). Based on the fuzzy membership functions with climate data of 1961–2015, we also prepared an updated climatic zone map. This study demonstrates the prospects of using fuzzy membership functions to delineate area classes for regionalization purpose. Numéro de notice : A2021-025 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2020.1806284 date de publication en ligne : 17/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2020.1806284 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96692 [article]

Analysing 18th century hydrographic data: a campaign in the Bay of Biscay, 1750-1751 / Helen Mair Rawsthorne (2021)  

Public Titre : Analysing 18th century hydrographic data: a campaign in the Bay of Biscay, 1750-1751 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Helen Mair Rawsthorne , Auteur Editeur : Saint-Mandé : Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière - IGN Année de publication : 2021 Conférence : Data for History 2021, 4th Data for History conference : Modelling Time, Places, Agents 19/05/2021 30/06/2021 Berlin virtuel Allemagne OA Abstracts only Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] campagne d'observations [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] carte marine [Termes IGN] données hydrographiques [Termes IGN] sondage par points [Termes IGN] Terre-Neuve, île de (Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) [Termes IGN] traitement de données Résumé : (auteur) This paper features part of the work carried out for my Master’s thesis in Epistemology, History of Science and Technology. The project was completed during a six-month internship with the Région Nouvelle-Aquitaine as part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine et Outre-Mers programme. In 2020, the French Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine (Shom) celebrated its 300th anniversary. The Shom is the French public authority for maritime and coastal geographical reference information. Such information is obtained through specific measurement techniques that have evolved throughout history. The Shom's predecessor, the Dépôt des Cartes et Plans de la Marine, was created in 1720 in order to collect, analyse and compile the documents produced by the maritime community to construct nautical maps. It was in the interest of the royal power of the time to collect mariners’ logbooks to monopolise the information contained inside them. They did this via the Grande Ordonnance de la Marine, established in 1681 and written by Colbert, secretary of the navy under the reign of Louis XIV, which required pilots of vessels to submit all logbooks to the Greffe de l’Amirauté. Then, in 1773 the Dépôt became the sole institution in charge of the production and publication of nautical charts in France. As well as simply collecting logbooks, the Dépôt began producing and enforcing rules and standards on how to log the information inside them. This information would then be regrouped by location and type, and used for the production or correction of nautical charts by Dépôt engineers. Upon discovering inaccuracies on nautical charts during voyages, mariners would often annotate the charts, which would later be subject to discussion and revision by the Dépôt upon their return. When significant errors or deficiencies were identified on published nautical charts, the Dépôt, along with the logistical assistance of the Ministre de la Marine, organised for hydrographic campaigns to be carried out to verify and improve existing nautical charts. In 1750 and 1751, a hydrographic campaign was conducted in the Bay of Biscay by a captain of the French Navy, chosen thanks to his practical navigation experience. The aim was to correct two charts of the region and to carry out landing soundings that could be added to new charts. During the mission, over 350 soundings were carried out in the Bay using a leadline to measure the depth of the water and to record samples of the seabed at different points. For every sounding point, some or all of the following information were recorded in manuscripts written on board the ship: the date, the time, the depth of the water, the nature of the seabed and the geographic position, either with bearings, with geographic coordinates or by dead reckoning. This study presents a methodology for the processing and analysis of the hydrographic data recorded during this campaign. The processing workflow involves numerous steps: the datafication of the information contained in the ship’s documents; the definition of the digitised data via the analysis of the accompanying historical archives of the campaign and the addition of metadata; the standardisation of the digitised data to comply with curent norms; the classification of the digitised data according to modern reference data. The newly interoperable historical data can then be compared and analysed alongside equivalent data collected at different moments in history that have undergone the same data processing. In this project, the historical data from the campaign, once processed, are compared to current data, collected and diffused by the Shom, allowing an analysis of the evolution and the continuities in the bathymetry and sedimentology in the Bay of Biscay. The methodology developed makes use of digital humanities tools, particularly digital cartography tools for visualising the mapping of the processed historical data. Numéro de notice : C2021-005 Affiliation des auteurs : UGE-LaSTIG (2020- ) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComSansActesPubliés-Unpublished DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03239920 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97795

Combining deep learning and mathematical morphology for historical map segmentation / Yizi Chen (2021)  

Public Titre : Combining deep learning and mathematical morphology for historical map segmentation Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Yizi Chen, Auteur ; Edwin Carlinet, Auteur ; Joseph Chazalon, Auteur ; Clément Mallet , Auteur ; Bertrand Duménieu , Auteur ; Julien Perret , Auteur Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2021 Collection : Lecture notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743 num. 12708 Projets : SODUCO / Perret, Julien Conférence : DGMM 2021, 1st International Joint Conference on Discrete Geometry and Mathematical Morphology 24/05/2021 27/05/2021 Uppsala Suède Proceedings Springer Importance : pp 79 - 92 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes IGN] apprentissage profond [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] chaîne de traitement [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] détection d'objet [Termes IGN] données maillées [Termes IGN] morphologie mathématique [Termes IGN] vectorisation Résumé : (auteur) The digitization of historical maps enables the study of ancient, fragile, unique, and hardly accessible information sources. Main map features can be retrieved and tracked through the time for subsequent thematic analysis. The goal of this work is the vectorization step, i.e., the extraction of vector shapes of the objects of interest from raster images of maps. We are particularly interested in closed shape detection such as buildings, building blocks, gardens, rivers, etc. in order to monitor their temporal evolution. Historical map images present significant pattern recognition challenges. The extraction of closed shapes by using traditional Mathematical Morphology (MM) is highly challenging due to the overlapping of multiple map features and texts. Moreover, state-of-the-art Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are perfectly designed for content image filtering but provide no guarantee about closed shape detection. Also, the lack of textural and color information of historical maps makes it hard for CNN to detect shapes that are represented by only their boundaries. Our contribution is a pipeline that combines the strengths of CNN (efficient edge detection and filtering) and MM (guaranteed extraction of closed shapes) in order to achieve such a task. The evaluation of our approach on a public dataset shows its effectiveness for extracting the closed boundaries of objects in historical maps. Numéro de notice : H2021-001 Affiliation des auteurs : UGE-LaSTIG+Ext (2020- ) Autre URL associée : vers HAL Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution nature-HAL : ChOuvrScient DOI : 10.1007/978-3-030-76657-3_5 date de publication en ligne : 16/05/2021 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76657-3_5 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96739

Vectorization of historical maps using deep edge filtering and closed shape extraction / Yizi Chen (2021)  

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Enlightened mapping? Maps in the Europe of the enlightenment / Peter Michael Barber in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 57 n° 4 (November 2020)  

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Mapping the fantastic great Southern continent, 1760–1777: A study in enlightenment geography / Vanessa Collingridge in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 57 n° 4 (November 2020)  

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Ambiguous use of geographical information systems for the rectification of large-scale geometric maps / Anders Wästfelt in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 57 n° 3 (August 2020)  

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Can we characterize river corridor evolution at a continental scale from historical topographic maps? A first assessment from the comparison of four countries / J. Horacio Garcia in River Research and Applications, vol 36 n° 6 (July 2020)  

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La gratuité, une histoire ancienne... / Anonyme in Géomètre, n° 2182 (juillet - août 2020)

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Triangulation network of 1929–1944 of the first 1:500 urban map of València / Miriam Villar-Cano in Survey review, vol 52 n° 373 (July 2020)  

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Automatic extraction of road intersection points from USGS historical map series using deep convolutional neural networks / Mahmoud Saeedimoghaddam in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 5 (May 2020)  

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Martin Waldseemüller’s carta marina of 1516 / Chet Van Duzer (2020)  

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Modelling historical accessibility and its effects in space / Raphaël Fuhrer (2020)  

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