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Titre : Rectangular road marking detection with marked point processes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Olivier Tournaire , Auteur ; Nicolas Paparoditis , Auteur ; Florent Lafarge, Auteur Editeur : International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ISPRS Année de publication : 2007 Collection : International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, ISSN 1682-1750 num. 36-3-W49 Conférence : PIA 2007, ISPRS Conference on Photogrammetric Image Analysis 19/09/2007 21/09/2007 Munich Allemagne ISPRS OA Archives Importance : pp 149 - 154 Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] algorithme du recuit simulé
[Termes IGN] algorithme RJMCMC
[Termes IGN] extraction de traits caractéristiques
[Termes IGN] image à très haute résolution
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo par chaînes de Markov
[Termes IGN] méthode de réduction d'énergie
[Termes IGN] processus ponctuel marqué
[Termes IGN] processus stochastique
[Termes IGN] reconnaissance de formes
[Termes IGN] signalisation routière
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) We propose in this article an energy minimization based approach to detect dashed lines of road markings from very high resolution aerial images ( Numéro de notice : C2007-033 Affiliation des auteurs : MATIS (1993-2011) Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVI/3-W49/PartA/papers/149_pia07.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92363 Documents numériques
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Rectangular Road... - pdf éditeurAdobe Acrobat PDF Quantifying DEM uncertainty and its effect on topographic parameters / S.P. Wechsler in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 72 n° 9 (September 2006)
[article]
Titre : Quantifying DEM uncertainty and its effect on topographic parameters Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : S.P. Wechsler, Auteur ; N. Kroll, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 1081 - 1090 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique
[Termes IGN] analyse de données
[Termes IGN] erreur de positionnement
[Termes IGN] incertitude de position
[Termes IGN] lever topographique
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surfaceRésumé : (Auteur) Digital elevation models (DEMs) are representations of topography with inherent errors that constitute uncertainty. DEM data are often used in analyses without quantifying the effects of these errors. This paper describes a Monte Carlo methodology for evaluation of the effects of uncertainty on elevation and derived topographic parameters. Four methods for representing DEM uncertainty that utilize metadata and spatial characteristics of a DEM are presented. Seven statistics derived from simulation results were used to quantify the effect of DEM error. When uncertainty was quantified by the average relative absolute difference, elevation did not deviate. The range of deviation across the four methods for slope was 5 to 8 percent, 460 to 950 percent for derived catchment areas and 4 to 9 percent for the topographic index. This research demonstrates how application of this methodology can address DEM uncertainty, contributing to more responsible use of elevation and derived topographic parameters, and ultimately results obtained from their use. Copyright ASPRS Numéro de notice : A2006-384 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.14358/PERS.72.9.1081 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.72.9.1081 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28108
in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS > vol 72 n° 9 (September 2006) . - pp 1081 - 1090[article]Uncertainty analysis for soil-terrain models / T.F.A. Bishop in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 20 n° 2 (february 2006)
[article]
Titre : Uncertainty analysis for soil-terrain models Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : T.F.A. Bishop, Auteur ; B. Minasny, Auteur ; A.B. Mcbratney, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 117 - 134 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Information géographique
[Termes IGN] Argile
[Termes IGN] écart moyen
[Termes IGN] écart type
[Termes IGN] incertitude de position
[Termes IGN] lissage de données
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de terrain
[Termes IGN] pédologie locale
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] qualité des donnéesRésumé : (Auteur) The aim of the study was to examine how robust soil-terrain models are to uncertainty in the source elevation data. The study site was a 74ha agricultural field in Australia. A global positioning system was used to measure elevation and the uncertainty of the measurement, therefore allowing maps of elevation and its uncertainty to be created. Monte-Carlo simulation with a modified version of Latin Hypercube Sampling was used to create 100 realizations of a slope map. Clay content was measured at 111 sites, and kriging with external drift was used to map clay content where each slope realization was used as a secondary information source. Maps of the mean and standard deviation of clay content across all realizations were created. The standard deviations of clay content were generally small «4dagkg-1) and in most parts of the field less than the analytical accuracy of the hydrometer method which was used to measure soil clay content in the laboratory. The values in the map of elevation uncertainty were multiplied by 5 and the entire error propagation process was repeated to create a second set of 100 realizations of the clay content. The ratio of the uncertainty in the original DEM was 5:1 when compared with that in the perturbed DEM, i.e. it was multiplied by 5. The ratio between the standard deviation in the two clay-content maps was 3.79: 1, which indicates a reduction in uncertainty through the modelling process. The results showed that the soil-terrain model performs well for the study area, and it is not very sensitive to DEM errors. We conclude that input uncertainty tests as shown in this study should accompany soil mapping studies where secondary information is used in the prediction model. Numéro de notice : A2006-063 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810500287073 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500287073 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27790
in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 20 n° 2 (february 2006) . - pp 117 - 134[article]Réservation
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Titre : Geo-information and computational geometry Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Peter J. M. Van Oosterom, Éditeur scientifique ; M.J. Van Kreveld, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Green series num. 44 Importance : 51 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-299-3 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] détection du bâti
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] données topographiques
[Termes IGN] géomètrie algorithmique
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] reconstruction 3D du bâti
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Editeur) The contributions reflect the diversity of the possible interactions between computational geometry and GIS. The topics of the contributions range from overviews of relevant techniques and tools to solving specific spatial problems in either the object-based (vector) or field-based (raster) domain. This publication is a reflection of the different seminar contributions. The first paper 'Computational Geometry: its objectives and relation to GIS' is by Marc van Kreveld (Utrecht University). The analysis of algorithms involves understanding how efficiently an algorithm solves a problem. One of the main objectives of computational geometry is finding the most efficient algorithms for all sorts of geometric problems. He introduces the main concepts and ideas in computational geometry, including efficiency analysis, intractability, output-sensitive algorithms, and approximation algorithms. The basic problems of computational geometry all have a direct or indirect use to GIS. He also indicates why computational geometry is not as useful to GIS as it could be (complicated algorithms, focus on worst-case efficiency, and on well-defined, simple to state problems) and how this is currently improving (available software libraries, simpler algorithms provably efficient under realistic assumptions).
Mark de Berg (TU Eindhoven) addresses one of the issues to make computational geometry techniques more applicable in practice, namely the handling of large data sets that do not fit in main memory (as often more or less implicitly assumed in the description of many data structures and algorithms). In his paper 'I/O- and Cache-efficient Algorithms for Spatial Data', he explains how the hierarchical memory consisting of a disk, main memory, and several levels of cache should be included in data structure and algorithm design. The difference between the times to access these different levels of memory is quite large: the disk is typically about 100,000 times slower than accessing the main memory. In the paper some of the recent results that have been obtained on I/O- and cache-efficient algorithms are discussed with focus on spatial data.
One specific data structure, based on quad-edges, and applied to creating and editing three-dimensional models, is described by Christopher Gold and Rebecca Tse (University of Glamorgan, UK) in their paper 'Quad-Edges and Euler Operators for Automatic Building Extrusion Using LiDAR Data' (LIght Detection And Ranging). The long-term research objective for their models is to integrate man-made objects with the landscape, so that topological properties, such as connectedness, may be used in applications such as flood modeling. Man-made objects such as build-ings, as well as terrain elevation, should be extracted directly from LiDAR data. Their model is a triangle-based boundary description of the relevant objects and earth surface. The model creation and local modifications (updates) is performed on the Quad-Edge data structure by using Euler operators. These operators permit various extrusion operations as well as the manual insertion of bridges and tunnels.
A description of the use computational geometry tools used to solve a few specific cartographic problems is given by Bettina Speckmann (TU Eindhoven) in her paper 'Algorithms for cartograms and other specialized maps'. Cartograms are a useful and intuitive tool to visualize statistical data about a set of regions like countries, states or counties. The size of a region in a cartogram corresponds to a particular geographic variable and therefore the regions generally cannot keep both their shape and their adjacencies. A good cartogram, however, preserves the recognizability in some way. The paper gives a short overview of cartogram algorithms, and focuses in particular on the computation of rectangular cartograms. In a rectangular cartogram each region is represented by a rectangle. An implementation and various tests show that in practice, visually pleasing rectangular cartograms with small cartographic error can be generated effectively. Furthermore, the computation of proportional symbol maps is also discussed briefly.
Three-dimensional topographic modeling is also the topic of the paper by Friso Penninga (TU Delft): 'Constrained tetrahedral models and update algorithms for topographic data'. In contrast to the work of Gold and Tse he does not do this by representing the bounding surfaces, but he represents the three-dimensional objects by sets of tetrahedrons. The whole model then becomes a tetrahedronized irregular network (TEN), the 3D version of the more generally known triangulated irregular network (TIN). The TEN is a well-defined and robust data structure which enables complex processing by separate processing on each primitive first and afterwards joining all these partial results into a final result. In order to represent their borders several edges and faces will be handled as constraints. Updating a topographic dataset therefore equals the addition and removal of constraints within the network. One of the biggest challenges in the realization of such a data structure and corresponding algorithms is to reach acceptable performance, despite the potentially enormous amount of data. The last paper 'Towards improved solution schemes for Monte Carlo simulation in environmental modeling languages' is by Derek Karssenberg and Kor de Jong (Utrecht University). They deal with the field-based representation of spatial data, in contrast to the object-based representation of spatial data in the other papers. On the most often used field-based data structure, the regular grid, the algorithmic challenges are quite different than their counterparts in the object-based approaches. Environmental modeling languages such as PCRaster are programming languages embedded in GIS to simulate environmental processes. These languages are used to construct dynamic models, also called forward models, which are simulations run forward in time, where the state of the model at time t is defined as a function of its state in a time step preceding t. For future applications, at least two extensions to the languages are required: support of three spatial dimensions (as the real world is often 3D), and inclusion of Monte Carlo simulation techniques (to calculate how input errors propagate to the output of a model).Note de contenu : Editorial - Peter van Oosterom and Marc van Kreveld
- Computational Geometry: Ils objectives and relation to GIS - Marc van Kreveld
- I/O- and Cache-Efficient Algorithms for Spatial Data - Mark de Berg
- Quad-Edges and Euler Operators for Automatic Building Extrusion Using LIDAR Data - Christopher
Gold and Rebecca Tse
- Algorithms for cartograms and other specialized maps - Bettina Speckmann
- Constrained tetrahedral models and update algorithms for topographie data - Friso Penninga
- Towards improved solution schemes for Monte Carlo simulation in environmental modeling languages - Derek Karssenberg and Kor de JongNuméro de notice : 15213 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Recueil / ouvrage collectif En ligne : https://www.ncgeo.nl/index.php/en/publicatiesgb/green-series/item/2363-gs-44-pet [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55100 Réservation
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Geo-information and computational geometry - pdf éditeurAdobe Acrobat PDF Intelligence artificielle et jeux / Tristan Cazenave (2006)
Titre : Intelligence artificielle et jeux Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Tristan Cazenave, Auteur Editeur : Paris : Lavoisier Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Information, hypermédias et communication Importance : 230 p. Format : 15 x 23 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-2-7462-1457-6 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] acteur
[Termes IGN] apprentissage par renforcement
[Termes IGN] architecture de système
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] configuration (matériel informatique)
[Termes IGN] jeu vidéo
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] programmation informatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Cet ouvrage traite de l'intelligence artificielle pour les jeux vidéo et les jeux de réflexion. Appliquée depuis longtemps aux jeux de réflexion classiques, l'intelligence artificielle connaît des résultats contrastés : meilleure que les humains aux échecs mais encore faible au jeu de Go. On assiste désormais à un développement dans le domaine des jeux vidéo avec des thématiques renouvelées. Ce livre étudie successivement les jeux de réflexion (Lines of Action, Go et Atarigo), les jeux vidéos, simulations sportives, simulations d'écosystème, jeux de combat, jeux d'action, jeux de stratégie en temps réel, jeux d'aventure, jeux en équipe ainsi que les jeux d'éveil. Il met l'accent sur l'apprentissage et sur la planification de comportements. Note de contenu : Chapitre 1. Introduction.
Chapitre 2. Génération de comportements pour personnages de jeux vidéo.
Chapitre 3. MHiCS, une architecture de sélection de l'action adaptative pour joueurs artificiels.
Chapitre 4. Une intelligence artificielle pour un jeu vidéo Multijoueurs.
Chapitre 5. Expériences d'apprentissage par renforcement dans une architecture Monte-Carlo Go. Chapitre 6. Architecture d'un programme de Lines of action.
Chapitre 7. De nouvelles heuristiques de recherche appliquées à la résolution d'Atarigo.
Chapitre 8. Des stratégies qui s'adaptent à la situation dans les jeux de stratégie temps réel.
Chapitre 9. Exécution adaptative de trame narrative.
Chapitre 10. Simulation de comportements centrée Interaction.
Chapitre 11. Contrôle d'exécution des jeux par analyse du comportement du joueur.Numéro de notice : 16726 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Recueil / ouvrage collectif Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=41309 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 16726-01 26.40 Manuel Informatique Centre de documentation Informatique Disponible On the relationship between training sample size data dimensionality: Monte Carlo analysis of broadland multi-temporal classification / T.G. Van Niel in Remote sensing of environment, vol 98 n° 4 (30/10/2005)PermalinkDynamic environmental modelling in GIS: 2. Modelling error propagation / D. Karssenberg in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 6 (july 2005)PermalinkPossibilities and limits of prospective GIS land cover modelling, a compared case study: garretoxes (France) and Alta Alpujarra Granadina (Spain) / Martin Paegelow in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 6 (july 2005)PermalinkLes chaînes de Markov spatialisées comme outil de simulation / Sylvie Ladet in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 15 n° 2 (juin – août 2005)PermalinkLand covers change detection at coarse spatial scales based on iterative estimation and previous state information / Sylvie Le Hégarat-Mascle in Remote sensing of environment, vol 95 n° 4 (30/04/2005)PermalinkComparison of the structure and accuracy of two land change models / Robert Gilmore Pontius in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 2 (february 2005)PermalinkApports des techniques de filtrage non linéaire pour la navigation avec les systèmes de navigation inertiels et le GPS / A. Giremus (2005)PermalinkDéveloppements de grandes déviations pour des sommes pondérées appliqués à un problème géographique / Olivier Bonin (2005)PermalinkA parametric model for automatic 3D building reconstruction from high resolution satellite images / Florent Lafarge (2005)PermalinkGeocoding crime and a first estimate of a minimum acceptable hit rate / J.H. Ratcliffe in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 18 n° 1 (january - february 2004)Permalink