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A probabilistic eco-hydrological model to predict the effects of climate change on natural vegetation at a regional scale / Jan-Philip M. Witte in Landscape ecology, vol 30 n° 5 (May 2015)
[article]
Titre : A probabilistic eco-hydrological model to predict the effects of climate change on natural vegetation at a regional scale Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jan-Philip M. Witte, Auteur ; Ruud P. Bartholomeus, Auteur ; Peter M. van Bodegom, Auteur ; D. Gijsbert Cirkel, Auteur ; Remco van Ek, Auteur ; Yuki Fujita, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 835 - 854 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] facteur édaphique
[Termes IGN] habitat (nature)
[Termes IGN] hydrologie
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] modèle stochastique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Climate change may hamper the preservation of nature targets, but may create new potential hotspots of biodiversity as well. To timely design adequate measures, information is needed about the feasibility of nature targets under a future climate. Habitat distribution models may provide this, but current models have certain drawbacks: they apply indirect empirical relationships between habitat and vegetation, they often disregard spatially explicit information about groundwater, and they are designed for too coarse spatial scales. We introduce a model that explicitly takes into account spatial effects through groundwater and that can easily be adapted to new scientific approaches and the needs of end-users. It combines (spatially explicit) data sources, transfer functions derived from mechanistic models, and robust relationships between habitat factors and plant characteristics. Outputs are maps showing the occurrence probabilities of vegetation types and their associated conservation values, both on a spatial scale that fits the needs of nature managers and spatial planners. The model was applied to a catchment of 270 km2 to forecast, on a 25 m resolution, the effects of a national climate scenario (related to IPCC A2 and A1B). Computation time was a couple of minutes on a standard PC. Severe loss was predicted for wet and mesotrophic species-rich grasslands, while vegetation of dry and acidic soils appeared to profit. The results were not univocal though, and could probably not have been foreseen on the basis of expert judgement and logic alone, especially because of edaphic factors and spatial hydrological relationships. Numéro de notice : A2015--033 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10980-014-0086-z Date de publication en ligne : 29/08/2014 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-014-0086-z Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81112
in Landscape ecology > vol 30 n° 5 (May 2015) . - pp 835 - 854[article]Response of Swiss forests to management and climate change in the last 60 years / Meinrad Küchler in Annals of Forest Science, vol 72 n° 3 (May 2015)
[article]
Titre : Response of Swiss forests to management and climate change in the last 60 years Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Meinrad Küchler, Auteur ; Helen Küchler, Auteur ; Angéline Bedolla, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 311 - 320 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] arbuste
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] espèce végétale
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] herbe
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] plantation forestière
[Termes IGN] recensement
[Termes IGN] Suisse
[Termes IGN] sylviculture
[Termes IGN] températureRésumé : (auteur) Context : Forest vegetation is forecasted to shift upslope several hundred metres by 2100 due to climate warming. However, only a small number of detailed assessments in selected regions have confirmed a climate response on the part of forest vegetation.
Aims : This study aimed to analyse the relative contributions of temperature and other factors to range shifts in forest vegetation by comparing old and revisited relevés in Swiss forests.
Methods : In order to investigate such range shifts, we revisited 451 relevé plots in forests in all parts of Switzerland. Collected data comprise two independent samples, one dating from the 1950s (age 60 sample) on 126 plots and the other dating from the 1990s (age 15 sample) on 325 plots. We defined an indicator value for elevation to estimate the upslope and downslope range shifts of forest species. The influence of different site factors on range shifts was assessed by variance partitioning using Landolt’s (2010) averaged species indicator values. Vegetation changes were analysed by balancing both increasing and decreasing frequencies of plant species.
Results : Our findings show significant differences between the two survey periods, where the averaged species indicator for elevation varied greatly in both the age-60 and the age-15 samples. In addition, a significant upslope shift in the herbaceous forest layer (herbs and tree regeneration) of about 10 m per decade since the mid-twentieth century is evident. Downslope shifts were detected in the shrub/tree layer at lower elevations, which may be explained by factors other than climate warming.
Conclusions : To date, the impact of global warming on tree species composition in Swiss forests has been weaker in comparison to the effects arising from forest management and land use change. Understorey vegetation, however, shows a strong signal of upslope shift that may be explained most adequately by a combination of climate change and other factors.Numéro de notice : 2015-453 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-014-0409-x Date de publication en ligne : 29/07/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0409-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=77109
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 72 n° 3 (May 2015) . - pp 311 - 320[article]Individual-based approach as a useful tool to disentangle the relative importance of tree age, size and inter-tree competition in dendroclimatic studies / Vicente Rozas in iForest, biogeosciences and forestry, vol 8 n° 2 (April 2015)
[article]
Titre : Individual-based approach as a useful tool to disentangle the relative importance of tree age, size and inter-tree competition in dendroclimatic studies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Vicente Rozas, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 187 - 194 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] dendrochronologie
[Termes IGN] feuillu
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) In this work, an individual-based approach was used to assess the relative importance of tree age, size, and competition in modulating the individual dendroclimatic response of Quercus robur L. This was performed in a multi-aged forest in northwestern Spain under a wet Atlantic climate. All trees in five replicated forest stands with homogeneous soil conditions were mapped and inter-tree competition was quantified with a distance-dependent competition index. Tree rings of cored trees were crossdated and total age was estimated on individuals where the pith was missed. The climatic response was evaluated by bootstrapped correlations of individual tree-ring chronologies with climatic records. Inter-annual growth variation, i.e., mean sensitivity, was independent of tree age and bole diameter, but modulated by competition. Water excess in previous summer-autumn and spring negatively affected growth, while warmer September conditions favored growth. Individual response to climate was independent of tree age, but related to the joint effect of tree bole diameter and competition. Larger oaks in less competitive environments responded more plastically to climatic stress, while smaller trees under high competition levels were less responsive to climate. Strong inter-tree competition reduced growth plasticity but amplified the vulnerability of smaller oaks to the particularly rainy conditions of the study area. These findings suggest that inter-tree competition is a relevant size-mediated extrinsic factor that can potentially modulate individual radial growth variation and its response to limiting climatic conditions in temperate deciduous forests. This study highlights the value of individual-based approach as a useful tool that informs about the relative contribution of factors modulating the climatic response of tree-ring growth. Numéro de notice : A2015-120 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3832/ifor1249-007 Date de publication en ligne : 21/08/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1249-007 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75670
in iForest, biogeosciences and forestry > vol 8 n° 2 (April 2015) . - pp 187 - 194[article]Climate change impacts and adaptation in forest management: a review / Rodney J. Keenan in Annals of Forest Science, vol 72 n° 2 (March - april 2015)
[article]
Titre : Climate change impacts and adaptation in forest management: a review Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rodney J. Keenan, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 145-167 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] économie
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision
[Termes IGN] sciences humaines et sociales
[Termes IGN] sylviculture
[Termes IGN] vulnérabilitéRésumé : (auteur)
Key message : Adaptation of forest management to climate change requires an understanding of the effects of climate on forests, industries and communities; prediction of how these effects might change over time; and incorporation of this knowledge into management decisions. This requires multiple forms of knowledge and new approaches to forest management decisions. Partnerships that integrate researchers from multiple disciplines with forest managers and local actors can build a shared understanding of future challenges and facilitate improved decision making in the face of climate change.
Context : Climate change presents significant potential risks to forests and challenges for forest managers. Adaptation to climate change involves monitoring and anticipating change and undertaking actions to avoid the negative consequences and to take advantage of potential benefits of those changes.
Aims : This paper aimed to review recent research on climate change impacts and management options for adaptation to climate change and to identify key themes for researchers and for forest managers.
Methods : The study is based on a review of literature on climate change impacts on forests and adaptation options for forest management identified in the Web of Science database, focusing on papers and reports published between 1945 and 2013.
Results : One thousand one hundred seventy-two papers were identified in the search, with the vast majority of papers published from 1986 to 2013. Seventy-six percent of papers involved assessment of climate change impacts or the sensitivity or vulnerability of forests to climate change and 11 % (130) considered adaptation. Important themes from the analysis included (i) predicting species and ecosystem responses to future climate, (ii) adaptation actions in forest management, (iii) new approaches and tools for decision making under uncertainty and stronger partnerships between researchers and practitioners and (iv) policy arrangements for adaptation in forest management.
Conclusions : Research to support adaptation to climate change is still heavily focused on assessing impacts and vulnerability. However, more refined impact assessments are not necessarily leading to better management decisions. Multi-disciplinary research approaches are emerging that integrate traditional forest ecosystem sciences with social, economic and behavioural sciences to improve decision making. Implementing adaptation options is best achieved by building a shared understanding of future challenges among different institutions, agencies, forest owners and stakeholders. Research-policy-practice partnerships that recognise local management needs and indigenous knowledge and integrate these with climate and ecosystem science can facilitate improved decision making.Numéro de notice : A2015-427 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-014-0446-5 Date de publication en ligne : 14/01/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0446-5 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=77016
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 72 n° 2 (March - april 2015) . - pp 145-167[article]Les forêts tempérées face aux conséquences du changement climatique : est-il primordial de favoriser une plus forte diversité d’arbres dans les peuplements forestiers ? / Charlotte Grossiord in Revue forestière française, Vol 67 n° 2 (mars 2015)
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Titre : Les forêts tempérées face aux conséquences du changement climatique : est-il primordial de favoriser une plus forte diversité d’arbres dans les peuplements forestiers ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Charlotte Grossiord, Auteur ; Arthur Gessler, Auteur ; André Granier, Auteur ; Damien Bonal, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 99 - 110 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Une plus forte biodiversité dans les peuplements forestiers est suggérée comme étant un mode de gestion permettant d’adapter les forêts à l’accentuation des sécheresses dans le futur. Nous présentons ici une synthèse sur la relation entre diversité en essences d’arbre et résistance à la sécheresse des peuplements forestiers tempérés. Des tendances contrastées pour cette relation ont été observées en fonction des types forestiers étudiés, des essences présentes dans le peuplement, ou du contexte pédoclimatique local. La généralisation de modes de gestion forestière intégrant des mélanges de plusieurs essences ne semble donc pas nécessairement assurer une meilleure résistance à la sécheresse des peuplements forestiers tempérés. Numéro de notice : A2015-736 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.4267/2042/57901 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.4267/2042/57901 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78437
in Revue forestière française > Vol 67 n° 2 (mars 2015) . - pp 99 - 110[article]Le changement climatique / Hélène Géli (2015)PermalinkLe climat de la France au XXIe [21e] siècle, volume 5. Changement climatique et niveau de la mer : de la planète aux côtes françaises / Jean Jouzel (2015)PermalinkIntempéries : crises et postcrises. Quels retours d'expérience ? / Jean-François Gaudet (2015)PermalinkPermalinkThe Forests in Germany / Federal ministry of food and agriculture = Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (Berlin, Allemagne) (2015)PermalinkThe land use and cover change in Miombo woodlands under community based forest management and its implication to climate change mitigation: A case of Southern Highlands of Tanzania / J.Z. Lupala in International journal of forestry research, vol 2015 ([01/01/2015])PermalinkVivre ensemble le changement climatique / Roger-Paul Droit (2015)PermalinkConsidering evolutionary processes in adaptive forestry / François Lefèvre in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 7 (October 2014)PermalinkCartes de vigilance climatique : concept, usage, communication / Jean Lemaire in Forêt entreprise, n° 218 (septembre-octobre 2014)PermalinkLa forêt française, l'agroforesterie et la filière bois : quel potentiel d'atténuation climatique à moyen et long terme ? / Michel de Galbert in Revue forestière française, vol 66 n° 5 (septembre - octobre 2014)Permalink