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Analysis of the effect of climate warming on paludification processes: Will soil conditions limit the adaptation of Northern boreal forests to climate change? A synthesis / Ahmed Laamrani in Forests, vol 11 n°11 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Analysis of the effect of climate warming on paludification processes: Will soil conditions limit the adaptation of Northern boreal forests to climate change? A synthesis Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ahmed Laamrani, Auteur ; Osvaldo Valeria, Auteur ; Abdelghani Chehbouni, Auteur ; Yves Bergeron, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 1176 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Canada
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] paludification
[Termes IGN] précipitation
[Termes IGN] température au sol
[Termes IGN] tourbe
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Northern boreal forests are characterized by accumulation of accumulation of peat (e.g., known as paludification). The functioning of northern boreal forest species and their capacity to adapt to environmental changes appear to depend on soil conditions. Climate warming is expected to have particularly pronounced effects on paludified boreal ecosystems and can alter current forest species composition and adaptation by changing soil conditions such as moisture, temperature regimes, and soil respiration. In this paper, we review and synthesize results from various reported studies (i.e., 88 research articles cited hereafter) to assess the effects of climatic warming on soil conditions of paludified forests in North America. Predictions that global warming may increase the decomposition rate must be considered in combination with its impact on soil moisture, which appears to be a limiting factor. Local adaptation or acclimation to current climatic conditions is occurring in boreal forests, which is likely to be important for continued ecosystem stability in the context of climate change. The most commonly cited response of boreal forest species to global warming is a northward migration that tracks the climate and soil conditions (e.g., temperature and moisture) to which they are adapted. Yet, some constraints may influence this kind of adaptation, such as water availability, changes in fire regimes, decomposer adaptations, and the dynamic of peat accumulation. In this paper, as a study case, we examined an example of potential effects of climatic warming on future paludification changes in the eastern lowland region of Canada through three different combined hypothetical scenarios based on temperature and precipitation (e.g., unchanged, increase, or decrease). An increase scenario in precipitation will likely favor peat accumulation in boreal forest stands prone to paludification and facilitate forested peatland expansion into upland forest, while decreased or unchanged precipitation combined with an increase in temperature will probably favor succession of forested peatlands to upland boreal forests. Each of the three scenarios were discussed in this study, and consequent silvicultural treatment options were suggested for each scenario to cope with anticipated soil and species changes in the boreal forests. We concluded that, despite the fact boreal soils will not constrain adaptation of boreal forests, some consequences of climatic warming may reduce the ability of certain species to respond to natural disturbances such as pest and disease outbreaks, and extreme weather events. Numéro de notice : A2020-759 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f11111176 Date de publication en ligne : 07/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11111176 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96472
in Forests > vol 11 n°11 (November 2020) . - n° 1176[article]Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards / Erwann Le Roux in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol 20 n° 11 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Erwann Le Roux, Auteur ; Guillaume Evin, Auteur ; Nicolas Eckert, Auteur ; Juliette Blanchet, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 2961 – 2977 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] Alpes (France)
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] construction
[Termes IGN] épaisseur
[Termes IGN] estimation des charges
[Termes IGN] manteau neigeux
[Termes IGN] norme
[Termes IGN] sécurité
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] toit
[Termes IGN] valeur limiteMots-clés libres : Ground snow load surcharge de neige Résumé : (auteur) In a context of climate change, trends in extreme snow loads need to be determined to minimize the risk of structure collapse. We study trends in 50-year return levels of ground snow load (GSL) using non-stationary extreme value models. These trends are assessed at a mountain massif scale from GSL data, provided for the French Alps from 1959 to 2019 by a meteorological reanalysis and a snowpack model. Our results indicate a temporal decrease in 50-year return levels from 900 to 4200 m, significant in the northwest of the French Alps up to 2100 m. We detect the most important decrease at 900 m with an average of −30 % for return levels between 1960 and 2010. Despite these decreases, in 2019 return levels still exceed return levels designed for French building standards under a stationary assumption. At worst (i.e. at 1800 m), return levels exceed standards by 15 % on average, and half of the massifs exceed standards. We believe that these exceedances are due to questionable assumptions concerning the computation of standards. For example, these were devised with GSL, estimated from snow depth maxima and constant snow density set to 150 kg m−3, which underestimate typical GSL values for the snowpack. Numéro de notice : A2020-713 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020 Date de publication en ligne : 06/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96279
in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences > vol 20 n° 11 (November 2020) . - pp 2961 – 2977[article]Sea surface temperature and high water temperature occurrence prediction using a long short-term memory model / Minkyu Kim in Remote sensing, vol 12 n° 21 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Sea surface temperature and high water temperature occurrence prediction using a long short-term memory model Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Minkyu Kim, Auteur ; Hung Yang, Auteur ; Jonghwa Kim, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 3654 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] aquaculture
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] Corée du sud
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] pêche
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal récurrent
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] température de surface de la merRésumé : (auteur) Recent global warming has been accompanied by high water temperatures (HWTs) in coastal areas of Korea, resulting in huge economic losses in the marine fishery industry due to disease outbreaks in aquaculture. To mitigate these losses, it is necessary to predict such outbreaks to prevent or respond to them as early as possible. In the present study, we propose an HWT prediction method that applies sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and deep-learning technology in a long short-term memory (LSTM) model based on a recurrent neural network (RNN). The LSTM model is used to predict time series data for the target areas, including the coastal area from Goheung to Yeosu, Jeollanam-do, Korea, which has experienced frequent HWT occurrences in recent years. To evaluate the performance of the SST prediction model, we compared and analyzed the results of an existing SST prediction model for the SST data, and additional external meteorological data. The proposed model outperformed the existing model in predicting SSTs and HWTs. Although the performance of the proposed model decreased as the prediction interval increased, it consistently showed better performance than the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) prediction model. Therefore, the method proposed in this study may be applied to prevent future damage to the aquaculture industry. Numéro de notice : A2020-721 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/rs12213654 Date de publication en ligne : 07/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213654 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96311
in Remote sensing > vol 12 n° 21 (November 2020) . - n° 3654[article]Spatio-temporal evolution, future trend and phenology regularity of net primary productivity of forests in Northeast China / Chunli Wang in Remote sensing, vol 12 n° 21 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Spatio-temporal evolution, future trend and phenology regularity of net primary productivity of forests in Northeast China Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chunli Wang, Auteur ; Qun’Ou Jiang, Auteur ; Xiangzheng Deng, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 3670 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] Chine
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] développement durable
[Termes IGN] Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
[Termes IGN] phénologie
[Termes IGN] production primaire nette
[Termes IGN] variation saisonnière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Net Primary Productivity (NPP) is one of the significant indicators to measure environmental changes; thus, the relevant study of NPP in Northeast China, Asia, is essential to climate changes and ecological sustainable development. Based on the Global Production Efficiency (GLO-PEM) model, this study firstly estimated the NPP in Northeast China, from 2001 to 2019, and then analyzed its spatio-temporal evolution, future changing trend and phenology regularity. Over the years, the NPP of different forests type in Northeast China showed a gradual increasing trend. Compared with other different time stages, the high-value NPP (700–1300 gC·m−2·a−1) in Changbai Mountain, from 2017 to 2019, is more widely distributed. For instance, the NPP has an increasing rate of 6.92% compared to the stage of 2011–2015. Additionally, there was a significant advance at the start of the vegetation growth season (SOS), and a lag at the end of the vegetation growth season (EOS), from 2001 to 2019. Thus, the whole growth period of forests in Northeast China became prolonged with the change of phenology. Moreover, analysis on the sustainability of NPP in the future indicates that the reverse direction feature of NPP change will be slightly stronger than the co-directional feature, meaning that about 30.68% of the study area will switch from improvement to degradation. To conclude, these above studies could provide an important reference for the sustainable development of forests in Northeast China. Numéro de notice : A2020-719 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/rs12213670 Date de publication en ligne : 09/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12213670 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96308
in Remote sensing > vol 12 n° 21 (November 2020) . - n° 3670[article]Using climate-sensitive 3D city modeling to analyze outdoor thermal comfort in urban areas / Rabeeh Hosseinihaghighi in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 11 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Using climate-sensitive 3D city modeling to analyze outdoor thermal comfort in urban areas Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rabeeh Hosseinihaghighi, Auteur ; Fatemeh Izadi, Auteur ; Rushikesh Padsala, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 688 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG
[Termes IGN] albedo
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] ArcGIS
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] CityEngine
[Termes IGN] climat urbain
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] gestion urbaine
[Termes IGN] modèle 3D de l'espace urbain
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] Montréal (Québec)
[Termes IGN] planification urbaine
[Termes IGN] températureRésumé : (auteur) With increasing urbanization, climate change poses an unprecedented threat, and climate-sensitive urban management is highly demanded. Mitigating climate change undoubtedly requires smarter urban design tools and techniques than ever before. With the continuous evolution of geospatial technologies and an added benefit of analyzing and virtually visualizing our world in three dimensions, the focus is now shifting from a traditional 2D to a more complicated 3D spatial design and assessment with increasing potential of supporting climate-responsive urban decisions. This paper focuses on using 3D city models to calculate the mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) as an outdoor thermal comfort indicator in terms of assessing the spatiotemporal distribution of heat stress on the district scale. The analysis is done to evaluate planning scenarios for a district transformation in Montreal/Canada. The research identifies a systematic workflow to assess and upgrade the outdoor thermal comfort using the contribution of ArcGIS CityEngine for 3D city modeling and the open-source model of solar longwave environmental irradiance geometry (SOLWEIG) as the climate assessment model. A statistically downscaled weather profile for the warmest year predicted before 2050 (2047) is used for climate data. The outcome shows the workflow capacity for the structured recognition of area under heat stress alongside supporting the efficient intervention, the tree placement as a passive strategy of heat mitigation. The adaptability of workflow with the various urban scale makes it an effective response to the technical challenges of urban designers for decision-making and action planning. However, the discovered technical issues in data conversion and wall surface albedo processing call for the climate assessment model improvement as future demand. Numéro de notice : A2020-728 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi9110688 Date de publication en ligne : 19/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110688 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96335
in ISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 9 n° 11 (November 2020) . - n° 688[article]An integration of bioclimatic, soil, and topographic indicators for viticulture suitability using multi-criteria evaluation: a case study in the Western slopes of Jabal Al Arab—Syria / Karam Alsafadi in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 13 ([01/10/2020])PermalinkArctic tsunamis threaten coastal landscapes and communities – survey of Karrat Isfjord 2017 tsunami effects in Nuugaatsiaq, western Greenland / Mateusz C. Strzelecki in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol 20 n° 9 (September 2020)PermalinkL-band SAR for estimating aboveground biomass of rubber plantation in Java Island, Indonesia / Bambang H Trisasongko in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 12 ([01/09/2020])PermalinkA novel algorithm to estimate phytoplankton carbon concentration in inland lakes using Sentinel-3 OLCI images / Heng Lyu in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 58 n° 9 (September 2020)PermalinkUsing OpenStreetMap data and machine learning to generate socio-economic indicators / Daniel Feldmeyer in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 9 (September 2020)PermalinkEstimates of spaceborne precipitation radar pulsewidth and beamwidth using sea surface echo data / Kaya Kanemaru in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 58 n° 8 (August 2020)PermalinkGlobal Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] / A. Ades in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020)PermalinkRecent changes in two outlet glaciers in the Antarctic Peninsula using multi-temporal Landsat and Sentinel-1 data / Carolina L. Simões in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 11 ([01/08/2020])PermalinkEcology and management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: a review / Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)PermalinkTemporal and spatial variations of monsoonal upwelling along the South West and East coasts of India / Shailee Patel in Marine geodesy, Vol 43 n° 4 (July 2020)Permalink