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Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland / Sauli Valkonen in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 6 (December 2020)
[article]
Titre : Tree mortality in the dynamics and management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands in southern Finland Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sauli Valkonen, Auteur ; Lucie Aulus Giacosa, Auteur ; Juha Heikkinen, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 989 – 998 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt inéquienne
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] neige
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] vent
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) This study focused on tree mortality in spruce-dominated stands managed using the single-tree selection method in southern Finland. Together with regeneration and tree growth, mortality is one of the basic elements of the stand structure and dynamics in selection stands. The study was based on data acquired from a set of 20 permanent experimental plots monitored with repeated measurements for 20 years. The average mortality in the number of stems (N) was 4.45 trees ha−1a−1, in basal area (G) 0.07 m2 ha−1a−1, and in stemwood volume (V) 0.56 m3 ha−1a−1. In relative terms it was 0.50% of N, 0.30% of G and 0.27% of V, respectively. Wind and snow were the most common causes of mortality, while deaths by biotic causes (mammals, insects, pathogens) were extremely rare. Some 6–10% of the total loss in the number of stems and volume was attributable to the loss or removal of trees that sustained serious damage in harvesting. Most of the mortality occurred in the smallest diameter classes of up to 20 cm. Such a high mortality among small trees can have an adverse influence on the sustainability of selection structures if not successfully checked in harvesting and management. Numéro de notice : A2020-746 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-020-01301-8 Date de publication en ligne : 30/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-020-01301-8 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96394
in European Journal of Forest Research > vol 139 n° 6 (December 2020) . - pp 989 – 998[article]Atmospheric pathways and distance range analysis of castanea pollen transport in Southern Spain / Rocio López-Orozco in Forests, vol 11 n° 10 (October 2020)
[article]
Titre : Atmospheric pathways and distance range analysis of castanea pollen transport in Southern Spain Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rocio López-Orozco, Auteur ; Miguel Angel Hernández-Ceballos, Auteur ; Carmen Galan, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 1092 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Andalousie
[Termes IGN] Castanea (genre)
[Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] génétique forestière
[Termes IGN] pollen
[Termes IGN] transport éolien
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) The sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is the only native species of this genus in Europe, where it faces various threats that are causing a severe decrease in populations, with the resulting loss of genetic diversity. In the Iberian Peninsula, it is of high economic and ecological importance, being well represented, especially in northern areas, whilst it is limited to isolated populations in medium-range mountains in southern Spain (Andalusia region). Taking advantage of this fragmented distribution, this study analyzes the dynamics of atmospheric transport of Castanea pollen through Andalusia region in order to obtain a better understanding of the pollination pathways as a key aspect of the floral biology of this partially anemophilous species. The aerobiological characteristics of this species are also of special interest since its pollen has been recognized as allergenic. Pollen transport pathways were studied by applying back-trajectories analysis together with aerobiological, phenological, land cover, and meteorological data. The results reveal that airborne Castanea pollen concentrations recorded in the city of Cordoba, in the center of Andalusia region, reach medium- and even long-range distances. The backward-trajectory analysis indicates that most of the pollen data detected outside the Castanea flowering season were related to westerly slow and easterly airflows. Furthermore, some of the case studies analyzed indicate the presence of southerly airflow patterns, which could influence medium- and long-range transport events from chestnut populations further south, even from those located in north African mountains. The integrated analysis of the results offers us better knowledge of the cross-pollination pathways of this endangered species, which help us to understand its genetic flows, as a basis for designing conservation strategies for this highly fragmented species in southern Spain. Numéro de notice : A2020-755 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f11101092 Date de publication en ligne : 14/10/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11101092 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96461
in Forests > vol 11 n° 10 (October 2020) . - n° 1092[article]Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties / Daniel F. Llana in Annals of Forest Science, vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)
[article]
Titre : Use of non-destructive test methods on Irish hardwood standing trees and small-diameter round timber for prediction of mechanical properties Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel F. Llana, Auteur ; Ian Short, Auteur ; Annette M. Harte, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Acer pseudoplatanus
[Termes IGN] acoustique
[Termes IGN] Betula pendula
[Termes IGN] betula pubescens
[Termes IGN] bois sur pied
[Termes IGN] densité du bois
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] élagage (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] élasticité
[Termes IGN] feuillu
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus (genre)
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior
[Termes IGN] Irlande
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] résonance
[Termes IGN] vent
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (auteur) Key message: Mechanical properties of small-diameter round timber from hardwood thinnings of common alder ( Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.), European ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.), European birch ( Betula pendula Roth. and Betula pubescens Ehrh.), and sycamore ( Acer pseudoplatanus L.) can be evaluated by non-destructive testing on either standing trees or green logs without wood density determination. Velocity differences between acoustic and resonance methods are influenced by tree species and age. Tree diameter improves the estimation of bending strength but not of stiffness.
Context: There is a need for a reliable, fast, and inexpensive evaluation method to better sort hardwood thinnings according to mechanical properties for use in potential added-value applications.
Aims: The estimation by non-destructive testing of mechanical properties of round small-diameter timber of four hardwood species (common alder, European ash, European birch, and sycamore).
Methods: Acoustic velocity was measured in 38 standing trees and resonance velocity was recorded in green logs from these trees. The logs were then dried and tested in bending. Estimation models to predict mechanical properties from non-destructive testing measurements were developed.
Results: Large differences between velocities from acoustic and resonance techniques were found. Models based on both non-destructive testing velocities together with a species factor are well correlated with bending modulus of elasticity while models including tree diameter are moderately well correlated with bending strength. Inclusion of density in the models does not improve the estimation.
Conclusion: Models based on acoustic measurements on standing trees or resonance on green logs together with tree species and diameter provide reliable estimates of mechanical properties of round timber from hardwood thinnings. This methodology can be easily used for pre-sorting material in the forest.Numéro de notice : A2020-403 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00957-x Date de publication en ligne : 17/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00957-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95453
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)[article]Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] / A. Ades in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020)
[article]
Titre : Global Climate [in “State of the Climate in 2019"] Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Ades, Auteur ; R. Adler, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Olivier Bock , Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Article en page(s) : pp S9 - S128 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Atmosphère
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] climat terrestre
[Termes IGN] cryosphère
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre
[Termes IGN] humidité de l'air
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] précipitation
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] température de l'airRésumé : (auteur) [introduction] The assessments and analyses presented in this chapter focus predominantly on the measured differences of climate and weather observables from previous conditions, years, and decades to place 2019 in context. Many of these differences have direct impacts on people, for example, their health and environment, as well as the wider biosphere, but are beyond the scope of these analyses. For the last few State of the Climate reports, an update on the number of warmer-than-average years has held no surprises, and this year is again no different. The year 2019 was among the three warmest years since records began in the mid-to-late 1800s. Only 2016, and for some datasets 2015, were warmer than 2019; all years after 2013 have been warmer than all others back to the mid-1800s. Each decade since 1980 has been successively warmer than the preceding decade, with the most recent (2010–19) being around 0.2°C warmer than the previous (2000–09). This warming of the land and ocean surface is reflected across the globe. For example, lake and permafrost temperatures have increased; glaciers have continued to lose mass, becoming thinner for the 32nd consecutive year, with the majority also becoming shorter during 2019. The period during which Northern Hemisphere (NH) lakes were covered in ice was seven days shorter than the 1981–2010 long-term average, based on in situ phenological records. There were fewer cool extremes and more warm extremes on land; regions including Europe, Japan, Pakistan, and India all experienced heat waves. More strong than moderate marine heat waves were recorded for the sixth consecutive year. And in Australia (discussed in more detail in section 7h4), moisture deficits and prolonged high temperatures led to severe impacts during late austral spring and summer, including devastating wildfires. Smoke from these wildfires was detected across large parts of the Southern Hemisphere (SH). [...] Numéro de notice : A2020-798 Affiliation des auteurs : UMR IPGP-Géod+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Date de publication en ligne : 12/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0104.1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96582
in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society > vol 101 n° 8 (August 2020) . - pp S9 - S128[article]Temporal and spatial variations of monsoonal upwelling along the South West and East coasts of India / Shailee Patel in Marine geodesy, Vol 43 n° 4 (July 2020)
[article]
Titre : Temporal and spatial variations of monsoonal upwelling along the South West and East coasts of India Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Shailee Patel, Auteur ; Manisha Vithalpura, Auteur ; Subrat Kumar Mallick, Auteur ; Smitha Ratheesh, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 414 - 432 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] aménagement du littoral
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] Inde
[Termes IGN] mousson
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] ventRésumé : (Auteur) The implicit/explicit impact of global warming or the anthropogenic climate change on the coastal upwelling processes affects the marine ecosystem significantly and continuous monitoring of the coastal upwelling along the coastal regions is essential. The Ekman transport due to alongshore winds and Ekman pumping due to wind stress curl play important roles on the coastal upwelling, especially along the southern part of Indian peninsula. Upwelling Indexes based on wind and SST are computed in the study to demarcate the upwelling features along the coasts. Since upwelling leaves its trail on surface features, long time series of satellite-derived wind, Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Sea level anomaly (SLA) and Surface Chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) are analyzed to understand the upwelling along the coastal regions of south India. The present study reveals a decrease in the intensity of upwelling along the western coast and a slight increase all along the eastern coast of southern India during summer monsoon. Numéro de notice : A2020-250 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/01490419.2019.1703061 Date de publication en ligne : 19/12/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/01490419.2019.1703061 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95375
in Marine geodesy > Vol 43 n° 4 (July 2020) . - pp 414 - 432[article]Landslide susceptibility mapping using maximum entropy and support vector machine models along the highway corridor, Garhwal Himalaya / Vijendra Kumar Pandey in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 2 ([01/02/2020])PermalinkGlobal investigation of marine atmospheric boundary layer rolls using Sentinel-1 SAR data / Chen Wang (2020)PermalinkPermalinkA spatially explicit database of wind disturbances in European forests over the period 2000–2018 / Giovanni Forzieri in Earth System Science Data, vol 12 n° 1 (January 2020)PermalinkDeveloping a subswath-based wind speed retrieval model for sentinel-1 VH-Polarized SAR data over the ocean surface / Kangyu Zhang in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 57 n° 3 (March 2019)PermalinkGlobal observations of ocean surface winds and waves using spaceborne synthetic aperture radar measurements / Huimin Li (2019)PermalinkPermalinkGlobal IWV trends and variability in atmospheric reanalyses and GPS observations / Ana-Claudia Bernardes Parracho in Atmospheric chemistry and physics, vol 18 n° 22 ([01/11/2018])PermalinkA study of the influence of the historical snow accumulation and wind effects on the extended Chajnantor plateau / Juliette Ortet (2018)PermalinkPermalink