Descripteur
Termes IGN > sciences humaines et sociales > géographie humaine > démographie > urbanisation
urbanisationSynonyme(s)Concentration urbaine |
Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (188)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externes
Etendre la recherche sur niveau(x) vers le bas
Pressures and threats to nature related to human activities in European urban and suburban forests / Ewa Referowska-Chodak in Forests, vol 10 n° 9 (September 2019)
[article]
Titre : Pressures and threats to nature related to human activities in European urban and suburban forests Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ewa Referowska-Chodak, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : 26 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] anthropisation
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] biomasse forestière
[Termes IGN] construction
[Termes IGN] déboisement
[Termes IGN] écosystème
[Termes IGN] flore urbaine
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] périphérie urbaine
[Termes IGN] pollution atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) This review regards the pressures and threats linked with the human use of European urban and suburban forests. They can be divided into the following major categories: urban development, fragmentation, and isolation of forests; human pressures on soil and vegetation (e.g., changes in vegetation due to trampling, environmental and especially air pollution); human pressures on animals (e.g., wildlife losses due to collisions, frequent presence of dogs accompanying the visitors); and other threats and damages (e.g., littering and acts of vandalism). The directions of negative relations between people and forests shown in this review draw attention to the high complexity of the discussed issues. Awareness of this complexity (when planning and implementing forest management) can limit or counteract conflicts arising from the use of urban and suburban forests by people. This is of particular importance in the era of progressing urbanization and the evolution of human needs regarding the use of forests. Numéro de notice : A2019-336 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/URBANISME Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f10090765 Date de publication en ligne : 04/09/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f10090765 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93362
in Forests > vol 10 n° 9 (September 2019) . - 26 p.[article]
Titre : A city in blue and green Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Peter G. Rowe, Auteur ; Limin Hee, Auteur Editeur : Springer Nature Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 152 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-981-1395970-- Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Urbanisme
[Termes IGN] écosystème urbain
[Termes IGN] espace vert
[Termes IGN] flore urbaine
[Termes IGN] forêt urbaine
[Termes IGN] gestion de l'eau
[Termes IGN] parc urbain
[Termes IGN] paysage urbain
[Termes IGN] réseau d'assainissement
[Termes IGN] réseau de drainage
[Termes IGN] Singapour
[Termes IGN] trame verte et bleue
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] ville durableRésumé : (éditeur) his open access book highlights Singapore’s development into a city in which water and greenery, along with associated environmental, technical, social and political aspects have been harnessed and cultivated into a liveable sustainable way of life. It is also a story about a unique and thoroughgoing approach to large-scale and potentially transferable water sustainability, within largely urbanized circumstances, which can be achieved, along with complementary roles of environmental conservation, ecology, public open-space management and the greening of buildings, together with infrastructural improvements. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Early days
3- Visions of clean and green
4- Water resources and sustainability
5- Gardens, parks and green reserves
6- Ways forwardNuméro de notice : 28574 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : URBANISME Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.1007/978-981-13-9597-0 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9597-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97785
Titre : Innovative geo-information tools for governance Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Yola Georgiadou, Éditeur scientifique ; Diana Reckien, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Bâle [Suisse] : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute MDPI Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 186 p. Format : 16 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-03921-338-2 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] chaleur
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] énergie renouvelable
[Termes IGN] gestion de l'eau
[Termes IGN] information géographique
[Termes IGN] outil d'aide à la décision
[Termes IGN] politique publique
[Termes IGN] recherche interdisciplinaire
[Termes IGN] surveillance hydrologique
[Termes IGN] téléphone intelligent
[Termes IGN] urbanisationRésumé : (éditeur) In current times, highly complex and urgent policy problems--e.g., climate change, rapid urbanization, equitable access to key services, land rights, and massive human resettlement--challenge citizens, NGOs, private corporations, and governments at all levels. These policy problems, often called 'wicked', involve multiple causal factors, anticipated and unanticipated effects, as well as high levels of disagreement among stakeholders about the nature of the problem and the appropriateness of solutions. Given the wickedness of such policy problems, interdisciplinary and longitudinal research is required, integrating and harnessing the diverse skills and knowledge of urban planners, anthropologists, geographers, geo-information scientists, economists, and others. This Special Issue promotes innovative concepts, methods, and tools, as well as the role of geo-information, to help (1) analyze alternative policy solutions, (2) facilitate stakeholder dialogue, and (3) explore possibilities for tackling wicked problems related to climate change, rapid urbanization, equitable access to key services (such as water and health), land rights, and human resettlements in high-, middle-, and low-income countries in the North and South. Such integrative approaches can deepen our understanding of how different levels of government and governance reach consensus, despite diverging beliefs and preferences. Due to the particularly complex spatiotemporal characteristics of wicked policy problems, innovative concepts, alternative methods, and new geo-information tools play a significant role. Note de contenu : 1- Monitoring Rural Water Points in Tanzania with Mobile Phones: The Evolution of the
SEMA App
2- An Interactive Planning Support Tool for Addressing Social Acceptance of Renewable Energy Projects in The Netherlands
3- The Governance Landscape of Geospatial E-Services—The Belgian Case
4- Closing Data Gaps with Citizen Science?Findings from the Danube Region
5- Tensions in Rural Water Governance: The Elusive Functioning of Rural Water Points in Tanzania
6- Evolving Spatial Data Infrastructures and the Role of Adaptive Governance
7- Wicked Water Points: The Quest for an Error Free National Water Point Database
8- What do New Yorkers Think about Impacts and Adaptation to Heat Waves? An Evaluation
Tool to Incorporate Perception of Low-Income Groups into Heat Wave Adaptation Scenarios in New York City
9-Numéro de notice : 25988 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/URBANISME Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.3390/books978-3-03921-338-2 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-338-2 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96754 Innovative Methods and Products of the " Urbanization and Artificialization" Scientific Expertise Centre / Anne Puissant (2019)
Titre : Innovative Methods and Products of the " Urbanization and Artificialization" Scientific Expertise Centre Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anne Puissant, Auteur ; Arnaud Le Bris , Auteur ; Vincent Thieron, Auteur ; Thomas Corpetti, Auteur ; Thibault Catry, Auteur ; Sébastien Gadal, Auteur ; Xavier Briottet , Auteur ; Remy Cression, Auteur ; Nicolas Baghdadi, Auteur ; Arnaud Sellé, Auteur Editeur : Paris : HAL Année de publication : 2019 Conférence : LPS 2019, ESA Living Planet Symposium 13/05/2019 17/05/2019 Milan Italie programme sans actes Importance : 2 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] empreinte écologique
[Termes IGN] information scientifique et technique
[Termes IGN] télédétection
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solRésumé : (auteur) he THEIA Land Data and Services Centre (www.theia-land.fr) is a consortium of 12 French public institutions involved in Earth observation and environmental sciences (CEA, CEREMA, CIRAD, CNES, IGN, INRA, CNRS, IRD, Irstea, Météo France, AgroParisTech, and ONERA). THEIA has been initiated in 2012 with the objective of increasing the use of space data by the scientific community and the public actors. THEIA structured the French scientific community 1) through a mutualized Service and Data Infrastructure (SDI) distributed between several centers, allowing access to a variety of products; 2) through the setup of Regional Animation Networks (RAN) to federate and animate users (scientists and public / private actors) and 3) through Scientific Expertise Centres (SEC) clustering virtual research groups on a thematic domain. One of this SEC is the "Urbanization and Artificialization” Centre clustering experts in multi-sensor urban remote sensing. THEIA in collaboration with ODATIS (Data and Service for the Ocean), ForM@Ter (Data and Service for the Solid Earth), and AERIS (Data and Service for the Atmosphere) form the "Earth System" Research Infrastructure. The objective of this poster is to present recent (>2016) innovations of the URBAN SEC in terms of (1) development of algorithms useful for urban remote sensing using optical and SAR sensors, (2) validation of the urban products provided by the THEIA Land Service and Data Infrastructure, and (3) demonstration of user-tailored applications for urban studies. The Urban Expert Centre brings together researchers and engineers from several institutes: LIVE - Strasbourg, IGN-LaSTIG - Univ. Paris Est, CESBIO – Toulouse, LETG - Rennes, Irstea – Montpellier, TETIS - Montpellier, INP Bordeaux, IRD, ESPACE-DEV - Montpellier, ESPACE - Nice, ONERA. Research results and methods linked to (1) the detection and mapping of the urban footprint at an annual frequency; (2) the identification of urban fabrics, (3) the mapping of green networks within the cities. In parallel, the group proposes to summarize and identify relevant indicators (parameters) dedicated to urban planning and management. Numéro de notice : C2019-046 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG MATIS+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Poster nature-HAL : ComSansActesPubliés-Unpublished DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02135846 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95429 Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl / Mojtaba Eslahi (2019)
Titre : Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl Titre original : Simulations de croissance urbaine pour représenter les impacts possibles des constructions et des contraintes environnementales sur l’étalement urbain Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mojtaba Eslahi, Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Directeur de thèse Editeur : Champs/Marne : Université Paris-Est Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 254 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse Université Paris-Est, discipline Sciences et Technologies de l’Information Géographique en Informatique à l'IFSTTARLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] bâtiment
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] démographie
[Termes IGN] dynamique spatiale
[Termes IGN] étalement urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] politique publique
[Termes IGN] politique territoriale
[Termes IGN] simulation spatiale
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The process of urbanization occurs mainly due to population growth, rural exodus to cities and life style that often induces the nearly irreversible changes. It increases the artificial lands, which affect the biodiversity, ecosystems, urban climate, and reduces land for agriculture and natural areas. The focus of this thesis is to simulate diverse urbanization scenarios in order to improve public policies decision making. To do this, the SLEUTH model is used in order to investigate the impacts of building types and environmental rules on urban sprawl. In the method used, the SLEUTH model integrates more topographic data, urban tissue and demographic data, including geographical features and the environmental constraints. The main challenge in this research is to propose different urban sprawl scenarios for different kind of environmental rules while taking into account the population demand or at least population growth estimation. The SLEUTH model is one of the well-known cellular automata simulation models, which matches the dynamic simulation of urban expansion and adapts to morphological model of the urban configuration. SLEUTH, like many other urban growth simulation methods, considers only the historical data. Although, the impacts of population growth and urban tissue are implicitly considered during the calibration phase on the historical urban maps, changes in population growth rate or in building types cannot be included in its simulations. Moreover, the SLEUTH results are limited to raster data that are difficult to interpret for decision makers. The results are some pixels on which urbanization is supposed to occur, which do not make much sense from urbanism point of view. Therefore, our research aims to diversify the simulation possibilities integrating explicitly factors of building types according to population growth and providing visual methods to view urban growth scenario results in 2D and even 3D. In order to improve the SLEUTH results, different 2D urban growth simulation scenarios have been defined based on the SLEUTH model by adding buildings type and the estimation of the population growth as urban fabric factors. Each simulation corresponds to policies that are more or less restrictive of spaces considering what these territories can accommodate as a type of building and as a global population. In addition, the simulations can help the user to protect the desired lands such as the environmental spaces from urbanization. These scenarios show the simulation capabilities of the model and make it possible to improve our understanding of an urban sprawl simulation. Three different case studies with various sizes and populations are used including Toulouse metropolitan, Saint Sulpice la Pointe and Rieucros to provide a view of the effectiveness of the proposed method on several scales. The results evaluation indicates that the proposed method makes different simulations that correspond to different land priorities and constraints. It helps to see which land can be protected (where) and how building type can be used to constrain urban sprawl (how much). A 3D representation for each prospective urban growth simulations is provided in order to facilitate the interpretation of the SLEUTH simulation and differentiate the scenarios. The findings allow having different images of the city of tomorrow for applying it to urban policies. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Urbanization and Urban Modeling
2- Methodology and Fundamentals for Model Construction
3- Application of the Model to Diversify the Simulations of Urban Sprawl
4- Creation of Fictive 3D Buildings to Facilitate the Interpretation of Simulation Results and Differentiate Scenarios
5- Conclusion and PerspectivesNuméro de notice : 25910 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique/Modélisation et simulation : Paris-Est : 2019 Organisme de stage : Institut de Recherche en Constructibilité IRC (IFSTTAR) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-02493929 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95906 Modélisation de l’urbanisation pour l’évaluation de ses impacts environnementaux dans le cadre de l’élaboration d’une stratégie Éviter-Réduire-Compenser en Région Occitanie – Pyrénées Méditerranée / Vincent Delbar (2018)PermalinkA temperature and vegetation adjusted NTL urban index for urban area mapping and analysis / Xiya Zhang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 135 (January 2018)PermalinkInSAR to support sustainable urbanization over compacting aquifers: The case of Toluca Valley, Mexico / Pascal Castellazzi in International journal of applied Earth observation and geoinformation, vol 63 (December 2017)PermalinkMeasuring the effect of an ongoing urbanization process on biodiversity conservation suitability index : integrating scenario-based urban growth modelling with Conservation Assessment and Prioritization System (CAPS) / Mehdi Sheikh Goodarzi in Geocarto international, vol 32 n° 8 (August 2017)PermalinkDepicting urban boundaries from a mobility network of spatial interactions : a case study of Great Britain with geo-located Twitter data / Junjun Yin in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 31 n° 7-8 (July - August 2017)PermalinkArmature urbaine / Martine Kis in Géomètre, n° 2146 (avril 2017)PermalinkCaractériser l'agriculture périurbaine pour mieux l'intégrer à la planification urbaine : propositions méthodologiques / Esther Sanz Sanz in Espace géographique, vol 46 n° 2 (avril - juin 2017)PermalinkIntegrating cellular automata and Markov techniques to generate urban development potential surface : a study on Kolkata agglomeration / Biswajit Mondal in Geocarto international, vol 32 n° 4 (April 2017)PermalinkA spatial zoning approach to calibrate and validate urban growth models / Ali Kazemzadeh-Zow in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 31 n° 3-4 (March-April 2017)PermalinkCharacterizing the relationship between land use land cover change and land surface temperature / Duy X. Tran in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 124 (February 2017)Permalink