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Galileo performance: GPS interoperability and discriminators for urban and indoor environments / M. O'donnell in GPS world, vol 14 n° 6 (June 2003)
[article]
Titre : Galileo performance: GPS interoperability and discriminators for urban and indoor environments Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M. O'donnell, Auteur ; T. Watson, Auteur ; J. Fisher, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : pp 38 - 45 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] densité de population
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] Galileo
[Termes IGN] interopérabilité
[Termes IGN] milieu urbain
[Termes IGN] population urbaine
[Termes IGN] positionnement en intérieur
[Termes IGN] signal Galileo
[Termes IGN] signal GPSRésumé : (Auteur) A technical study examines potential discriminators for Galileo mass-market acceptance in the presence of a freely available GPS service. This approach seeks to provide commercial input to the Galileo signal design process, to optimize the GPS + Galileo "super constellation" for urban operation over Europe. The analysis further shows that GPS alone does not offer sufficient availability for "transparent" mass-market use in densely populated areas. Copyright Questex Media Group Inc Numéro de notice : A2003-423 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26503
in GPS world > vol 14 n° 6 (June 2003) . - pp 38 - 45[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 067-03061 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Application of remote sensing to the urban expansion analysis for Nouakchott, Mauritania / W. Wu in Geocarto international, vol 18 n° 1 (March - May 2003)
[article]
Titre : Application of remote sensing to the urban expansion analysis for Nouakchott, Mauritania Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : W. Wu, Auteur ; Marie-Françoise Courel, Auteur ; J. Le Rhun, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : pp 17 - 24 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] dégradation de l'environnement
[Termes IGN] données démographiques
[Termes IGN] image multitemporelle
[Termes IGN] image SPOT-HRV
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] inondation
[Termes IGN] modélisation spatiale
[Termes IGN] Nouakchott
[Termes IGN] planification urbaine
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] urbanisationRésumé : (Auteur) Nouakchott, the capital of Mauritania, has stepped into a rapid urbanisation stage since 1980s, especially in the last decade. The population growth in a narrow corner between the Atlantic Ocean and Sahara Desert, exposed to several risks of natural disasters, has produced an overburden to the infertile land and at the same time led to a degradation of the urban environment and difficulty of life. This research is focused on an urban expansion analysis and flood risk assessment by remote sensing techniques utilising multitemporal SPOT/HRV images and demographic data. Our aims are to understand the factors influencing expansion, evaluate the means of controlling environmental impacts and produce useful references for the future urban planning. The results show that Nouakchott had extended by 36 km2 at an annual growth rate of 5.3% and an average extension rate of 3.6 km2/yr corresponding to a population growth about 380,000 people from 1989 to 1999. Regression analysis suggests that the latter is the main dynamics driving the urban expansion (R' = 0.9873). Furthermore, the littoral depression, a belt in peril of seawater inundation between the coastal sandbar and urban districts, where future urban construction is recommended to avoid, was analysed and three risk degrees graded by spatial modelling. And finally, three inneglected points proposed for consideration in the future urban planning were discussed in this paper. Numéro de notice : A2003-099 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106040308542259 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040308542259 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=22395
in Geocarto international > vol 18 n° 1 (March - May 2003) . - pp 17 - 24[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 059-03011 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Une grille de lecture pour l'analyse des formes du peuplement en Europe : l'apport d'une méthode de lissage par potentiels / E. Dumas in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 11 n°3-4 (septembre 2001 - février 2002)
[article]
Titre : Une grille de lecture pour l'analyse des formes du peuplement en Europe : l'apport d'une méthode de lissage par potentiels Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : E. Dumas, Auteur ; Marianne Guérois, Auteur Année de publication : 2001 Article en page(s) : pp 405 - 421 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] densité de population
[Termes IGN] données démographiques
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] lissage de données
[Termes IGN] populationRésumé : (Auteur) Cet article présente l'intérêt d'une méthode de lissage par potentiels pour cartographier les formes du peuplement en Europe à plusieurs niveaux d'analyse. L'application de cette méthode à la région transfrontalière franco-belge permet de poser les bases d'une grille de lecture transposable à d'autres espaces européens. Numéro de notice : A2001-177 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans En ligne : https://archives-rig.revuesonline.com/article.jsp?articleId=471 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21872
in Revue internationale de géomatique > vol 11 n°3-4 (septembre 2001 - février 2002) . - pp 405 - 421[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 047-01031 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible L'atlas des franciliens [sur cédérom] / P. Louchart (1998)
Titre : L'atlas des franciliens [sur cédérom] : concours des applications [de la conférence] ESRI 1998 Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : P. Louchart, Auteur ; S. Albe, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Editeur : Meudon : ESRI France Année de publication : 1998 Format : 21 x 30 cm Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie thématique
[Termes IGN] atlas numérique
[Termes IGN] atlas régional
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] cartographie thématique
[Termes IGN] cédérom
[Termes IGN] données démographiques
[Termes IGN] données statistiques
[Termes IGN] données thématiques
[Termes IGN] Ile-de-France
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueNuméro de notice : 60813 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Rapport Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=44208 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 60813-01 39.30 Livre Centre de documentation Cartographie Disponible Development of models for monitoring the urban environment using radar remote sensing / Catherine Ticehurst (1998)
Titre : Development of models for monitoring the urban environment using radar remote sensing Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Catherine Ticehurst, Auteur Editeur : Kensington [Australie] : University of New South Wales Année de publication : 1998 Collection : Reports from School of Geomatic Engineering num. S-54 Importance : 250 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-0-7334-1679-8 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] densité de population
[Termes IGN] direction de visée
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] image AIRSAR
[Termes IGN] image radar
[Termes IGN] milieu urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] polarisation
[Termes IGN] population urbaine
[Termes IGN] radar à antenne synthétique
[Termes IGN] rétrodiffusion
[Termes IGN] simulation
[Termes IGN] surveillance de l'urbanisation
[Termes IGN] télédétection en hyperfréquenceRésumé : (Auteur) The world's population is rapidly increasing, especially in urban regions to which many rural inhabitants are migrating. Such an effect results in the need for a more efficient method of monitoring cities, both in developing and developed countries. Present monitoring techniques are inefficient, and unable to effectively maintain up-to date information due to the population increase. Hence, the demand for settlement detection, urban classification and population estimation is apparent.
Radar remote sensing is showing great potential for assisting in such a matter. Its ability to discriminate between small buildings of sparse layout, and large, densely spaced, buildings is slowly being realised. This research addresses this issue through the development of a primarily theoretical model.
The urban environment is a complex mixture of built as well as natural elements. In order to simplify such a difficult situation, the backscatter expected from urban areas can be divided into simple scattering mechanisms. The most important ones chosen for this research are double bounce (from building walls and tree trunks), single bounce (from building roofs), and volume scattering (from tree canopies). The model has been designed to consider these scattering mechanisms, and their expected proportions, occurring in the urban environment.
One of the greatest difficulties created through using radar in the built environment, is due to the 'Cardinal Effect'. This occurs when there is strong double bounce scattering due to the intersection of the orthogonal building wall and ground surface being perpendicular to the look direction. An empirical investigation is conducted in the thesis to further understand this phenomenon.
In order to develop the model, many parameters, including those relating to the cardinal effect, need to be considered. Determination of such parameters is not a simple task, and requires some general assumptions to be made. The model has been designed to determine the backscatter and polarisation information for two different urban classes (ie., residential and commercial). These classes are chosen because they generally represent the low and high density urban areas respectively.
The backscatter and polarisation information from a single building is developed and then expanded into a block of buildings, with consideration of radar shadowing effects. Trees are also included in the simulated residential areas.
In order to test the accuracy of the model for residential and commercial land use, test sites representing a large range of orientation and look angles, are chosen in the city of Sydney, Australia. AirSAR data for these test sites are compared to model simulations representing the same characteristics. The results show that L-band model output is quite comparable with the real data. The P-and C-band are less reliable, with the model C-band results showing little resemblance to the AirSAR information.
For the model to be further tested, a simple classification is performed over a large area of the Eastern suburbs of Sydney. L-band data is used due to the model simulations closely represerding real data. Furthermore, the real P-, L- and C-band polarisation information were found to be quite similar, so a multiwavelength classification using radar data was not seen to contribute significant information compared to a single band.
The classification is based on a comparison between the model and AirSAR total power, polarisation index and polarisation phase difference. The classification shows that the model has the ability to distinguish between low and high density urbw areas. However, due to the difficulties in defining the characteristics of residential and commercial land uses, there is some overlap in the classification. Some tall, dense residential areas are classified as commercial. Similarly small scale commercial areas are classified to be residential. Such a problem is related to the definition of land use rather than land cover.
The most important classification parameter observed through this exercise is the total power. The polarisation index proved of little use due to its incapability of distinguishing between residential and commercial classes for the real data. Classification using the total power and polarisation phase difference together gave a less accurate result than total power alone.
However, overall results show that the potential which radar has as a remote sensing tool for distinguishing between low and high density urban areas, and for classification (under the appropriate circumstances), is quite high. This is especially so when radar is combined with other information gathering systems, such as optical remotely sensed data. Such a combination could be very beneficial for the growing need for urban monitoring and population estimation.Numéro de notice : 67410 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=61751 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 67410-01 35.46 Livre Centre de documentation Télédétection Disponible Définir l'opérateur de désagrégation et implémenter un cas pratique de désagrégation sous le SIG Smallworld / Salem Arbouche (1995)PermalinkOccupation du sol et densités urbaines / N. Zamani (1995)PermalinkAtlas international / Anonyme (1993)PermalinkLand use and land cover data and the mapping of population density / Mark Monmonier in Annuaire international de cartographie, n° 24 (1984)PermalinkThe cartographic representation of the statistical surface / Arthur H. Robinson in Annuaire international de cartographie, n° 1 (1961)Permalink