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Termes IGN > sciences naturelles > sciences de la Terre et de l'univers > géosciences > géophysique interne > géodésie > géodésie spatiale > traitement de données GNSS > données GNSS > données GPS
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Image based geo-localization in the Alps / Olivier Saurer in International journal of computer vision, vol 116 n° 3 (February 2016)
[article]
Titre : Image based geo-localization in the Alps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Olivier Saurer, Auteur ; Georges Baatz, Auteur ; Kevin Köser, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 213 - 225 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] Alpes centrales
[Termes IGN] analyse visuelle
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] exploration de données géographiques
[Termes IGN] image 2D
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de terrain
[Termes IGN] reconnaissance automatique
[Termes IGN] SuisseRésumé : (Auteur) Given a picture taken somewhere in the world, automatic geo-localization of such an image is an extremely useful task especially for historical and forensic sciences, documentation purposes, organization of the world’s photographs and intelligence applications. While tremendous progress has been made over the last years in visual location recognition within a single city, localization in natural environments is much more difficult, since vegetation, illumination, seasonal changes make appearance-only approaches impractical. In this work, we target mountainous terrain and use digital elevation models to extract representations for fast visual database lookup. We propose an automated approach for very large scale visual localization that can efficiently exploit visual information (contours) and geometric constraints (consistent orientation) at the same time. We validate the system at the scale of Switzerland (40,000 km2) using over 1000 landscape query images with ground truth GPS position. Numéro de notice : A2016--139 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007%2Fs11263-015-0830-0 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-015-0830-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85867
in International journal of computer vision > vol 116 n° 3 (February 2016) . - pp 213 - 225[article]
Titre : Advanced modeling and algorithms for high-precision GNSS analysis Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Kan Wang, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Année de publication : 2016 Collection : Dissertationen ETH num. 23188 Note générale : bibliographie
thesis submitted to attain the degree of doctor of sciences of ETH ZurichLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] ambiguïté entière
[Termes IGN] antenne GPS
[Termes IGN] centre de phase
[Termes IGN] données BeiDou
[Termes IGN] données Galileo
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] double différence
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] GPS en mode différentiel
[Termes IGN] horloge
[Termes IGN] phase GNSS
[Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique
[Termes IGN] récepteur GNSS
[Termes IGN] récepteur trifréquence
[Termes IGN] résolution d'ambiguïté
[Termes IGN] retard ionosphèrique
[Termes IGN] Suisse
[Termes IGN] trajet multiple
[Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement de données GNSSRésumé : (auteur) In the recent ten years, the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) processing has experienced a fast development in many areas including the increasing number of frequencies, the higher quality of positioning instruments, e.g. the receiver clocks and the satellite clocks, and more integrated modeling and calculation strategies. This thesis includes investigations of different modeling and parameterization methods in modern GNSS positioning with the focus on three important positioning error sources: the receiver clock errors, the phase ambiguities and the ionospheric delays.
The thesis shows that making use of the high-quality receiver clocks and applying appropriate receiver clock modeling can help to improve the kinematic height estimates, which are highly correlated with the receiver clock parameters. An efficient pre-elimination and back-substitution strategy of epoch parameters with relative clock constraints between subsequent and near-subsequent epochs has been developed to enable processing of, e.g., high-rate data. A detailed analysis of the relationship between the clock quality and the improvement of kinematic heights has been performed. Studies were also conducted to decorrelate the receiver clock parameters, the kinematic heights and the troposphere parameters. Experiments with real data have shown that appropriate deterministic and stochastic clock models can also be helpful to increase the resolution of the estimated Zenith Path Delay (ZPD) parameters without obvious degradation of the stability of the kinematic heights.
The second aspect of the thesis focuses on the resolution of triple-frequency phase ambiguities with different linear combinations. A complete analytical investigation of Geometry-Free (GF) and Ionosphere-Free (IF) triple-frequency phase ambiguity resolution with minimized noise level has been performed for different frequency triplets. The analysis was done separately for the best two linear combinations and the third one. Experiments have shown that the fractional parts and the formal errors of the combined ambiguities of the best two linear combinations are relatively small for Galileo E1, E5b and E5a and GPS L1, L2 and L5 triplets, while the third linear combination remains a challenge. Further analysis with the geostationary satellites of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) elaborated in the framework of this thesis has also confirmed that the combined ambiguities from the best two GF and IF linear combinations can be fixed by rounding, while the estimated ambiguities on L1 have relatively large deviations from the values obtained from the traditional dual-frequency double-difference ambiguity resolution. Apart from the triple-frequency ambiguity resolution on the double-difference level, the so-called track-to-track ambiguities between different tracks of the same receiver and the same satellite have also been investigated for the best two triple-frequency linear combinations using GPS L1, L2 and L5 as well as Galileo E1, E5b and E5a observations. The outcome demonstrates that elevation-dependent influences on the observations like Phase Center Variations (PCVs), Phase Center Offsets (PCOs) and multipath are important for the fixing of the track-to-track ambiguities.
The combined track-to-track ambiguities using the best two linear combinations are also effective in detecting problems in the observation data.
The third aspect of the thesis includes the investigation of the differential ionospheric delays and gradients in the region of Switzerland from 1999 to 2013. In differential Global Positioning System (GPS) positioning, the ionospheric delays for short baselines are in most cases small enough to be ignored, except under extreme conditions, e.g., during ionospheric stormy days, and for applications with high integrity requirements, e.g., during approach and landing of aircrafts. This thesis introduces an algorithm using double-difference phase measurements with resolved phase ambiguities and global ionosphere maps provided by the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) to extract the single-difference ionospheric delays, and enabling an automatic and robust processing of the data over 15 years. The results show that the daily maximum slant ionospheric gradients calculated from the differential slant ionopheric delays and the baseline lengths from 1999 to 2013 are below the slant ionosphere gradient boundary of the Conterminous United States (CONUS) ionospheric anomaly threat model.Numéro de notice : 17250 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : dissertation : sciences : ETH Zurich : 2016 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010610972 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81986
Titre : Optimal GPS/GALILEO GBAS methodologies with an application to troposphere Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Alize Guilbert, Directeur de thèse ; Christophe Macabiau, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Toulouse : Université de Toulouse Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 301 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse en vue de l'obtention du Doctorat de l'Université de Toulouse, spécialité :
Signal, Image, Acoustique et OptimisationLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement
[Termes IGN] aviation civile
[Termes IGN] constellation Galileo
[Termes IGN] constellation GLONASS
[Termes IGN] constellation GPS
[Termes IGN] correction troposphérique
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] erreur de positionnement
[Termes IGN] gradient de troposphère
[Termes IGN] modèle météorologique
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS
[Termes IGN] retard troposphérique
[Termes IGN] système d'extension au solIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) In the Civil Aviation domain, research activities aim to improve airspace capacity and efficiency whilst meeting stringent safety targets. These goals are met by improving performance of existing services whilst also expanding the services provided through the development of new Navigation Aids. One such developmental axe is the provision of safer, more reliable approach and landing operations in all weather conditions. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been identified as a key technology in providing navigation services to civil aviation users [1] [2] thanks to its global coverage and accuracy. The GNSS concept includes the provision of an integrity monitoring function by an augmentation system to the core constellations. This is needed to meet the required performances which cannot be met by the stand-alone constellations. One of the three augmentation systems developed within civil aviation is the GBAS (Ground Based Augmentation System) and is currently standardized by the ICAO to provide precision approach navigation services down to Cat I using the GPS or GLONASS constellations [3]. Studies on-going with the objective to extend the GBAS concept to support Cat II/III precision approach operations with GPS L1 C/A, however some difficulties have arisen regarding ionospheric monitoring. With the deployment of Galileo and Beidou alongside the modernization of GPS and GLONASS, it is envisaged that the GNSS future will be multi-constellation (MC) and multi-frequency (MF). European research activities have focused on the use of GPS and Galileo. The MC/MF GBAS concept should lead to many improvements such as a better modelling of atmospheric effects but several challenges must be resolved before the potential benefits may be realized. Indeed, this PhD has addressed two key topics relating to GBAS, the provision of corrections data within the MC/MF GBAS concept and the impact of tropospheric biases on both the SC/SF and MC/MF GBAS concepts. Due to the tight constraints on GBAS ground to air communications link, the VDB unit, a novel approach is needed. One of the proposals discussed in the PhD project for an updated GBAS VDB message structure is to separate message types for corrections with different transmission rates. Then, this PhD argues that atmospheric modelling with regards to the troposphere has been neglected in light of the ionospheric monitoring difficulties and must be revisited for both nominal and anomalous scenarios. The thesis focuses on how to compute the worst case differential tropospheric delay offline in order to characterize the threat model before extending previous work on bounding this threat in order to protect the airborne GBAS user. In the scope of MC/MF GBAS development, an alternative approach was needed. Therefore, in this PhD project, Numerical Weather Models (NWMs) are used to assess fully the worst case horizontal component of the troposphere. An innovative worst case horizontal tropospheric gradient search methodology is used to determine the induced ranging biases impacting aircraft performing Cat II/III precision approaches with GBAS. This provides as an output a worst case bias as a function of elevation for two European regions.The vertical component is also modelled by statistical analysis by comparing the truth data to the GBAS standardized model for vertical tropospheric correction up to the height of the aircraft. A model of the total uncorrected differential bias is generated which must be incorporated within the nominal GBAS protection levels. In order to bound the impact of the troposphere on the positioning error and by maintaining the goal of low data transmission, different solutions have been developed which remain conservative by assuming that ranging biases conspire in the worst possible way. Through these techniques, it has been shown that a minimum of 3 parameters may be used to characterize a region’s model. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Navigation performance requirements for civil aviation
3- GNSS processing
4- Optimal processing models/options for MC/MF GBAS
5- Anomalous troposphere modelling for GBAS
6- Anomalous troposphere bounding
7- Conclusions and future workNuméro de notice : 25826 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Spécialité : Signal, Image, Acoustique et Optimisation : Toulouse : 2016 Organisme de stage : Laboratoire de Télécommunications (TELECOM-ENAC) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0049 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95116 La carte numérique du Congo, ou comment l'envie de camper le week-end nous a conduits à publier la première carte numérique du pays / Séverine Fabre in XYZ, n° 145 (décembre 2015 - février 2016)
[article]
Titre : La carte numérique du Congo, ou comment l'envie de camper le week-end nous a conduits à publier la première carte numérique du pays Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Séverine Fabre, Auteur ; Greg Fabre, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 64 - 68 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web
[Termes IGN] carte étrangère
[Termes IGN] carte numérique
[Termes IGN] Congo
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles
[Termes IGN] OpenStreetMap
[Termes IGN] Pointe-Noire (Congo)Résumé : (Auteur) Profitant de trois ans d'expatriation en République du Congo, une famille d'explorateurs est partie à la découverte du pays en enregistrant leurs parcours. Après avoir utilisé plusieurs logiciels autour d'OpenStreetMap, la première carte numérique du pays a ainsi été créée et permet aujourd'hui à d'autres voyageurs d'en profiter. Numéro de notice : A2015-870 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79268
in XYZ > n° 145 (décembre 2015 - février 2016) . - pp 64 - 68[article]Réservation
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La carte numérique du Congo - pdf éditeurAdobe Acrobat PDF Multi-GNSS meteorology : real-time retrieving of atmospheric water vapor from BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS, and GPS observations / Xingxing Li in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 53 n° 12 (December 2015)
[article]
Titre : Multi-GNSS meteorology : real-time retrieving of atmospheric water vapor from BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS, and GPS observations Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Xingxing Li, Auteur ; Galina Dick, Auteur ; Cuixian Lu, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 6385 - 6393 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] correction troposphérique
[Termes IGN] données BeiDou
[Termes IGN] données Galileo
[Termes IGN] données GLONASS
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS
[Termes IGN] positionnement ponctuel précis
[Termes IGN] retard troposphérique zénithal
[Termes IGN] teneur intégrée en vapeur d'eau
[Termes IGN] vapeur d'eauRésumé : (auteur) The rapid development of multi-Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs, e.g., BeiDou, Galileo, GLONASS, and GPS) and the International GNSS Service (IGS) Multi-GNSS Experiment (MGEX) brings great opportunities and challenges for real-time determination of tropospheric zenith total delays (ZTDs) and integrated water vapor (IWV) to improve numerical weather prediction, particularly for nowcasting or severe weather event monitoring. In this paper, we develop a multi-GNSS model to fully exploit the potential of observations from all currently available GNSSs for enhancing real-time ZTD/IWV processing. A prototype multi-GNSS real-time ZTD/IWV monitoring system is also designed and realized at the Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ) based on the precise point positioning technique. The ZTD and IWV derived from multi-GNSS stations are carefully analyzed and compared with those from collocated Very Long Baseline Interferometry and radiosonde stations. The performance of individual GNSS is assessed, and the significant benefit of multi-GNSS for real-time water vapor retrieval is also evaluated. The statistical results show that accuracy of several millimeters with high reliability is achievable for the multi-GNSS-based real-time ZTD estimates, which corresponds to about 1- to 1.5-mm accuracy for the IWV. The ZTD/IWV with improved accuracy and reliability would be beneficial for atmospheric sounding systems, particularly for time-critical geodetic and meteorological applications. Numéro de notice : A2015-844 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2015.2438395 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2015.2438395 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79188
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 53 n° 12 (December 2015) . - pp 6385 - 6393[article]Réservation
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