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scientifique

Probabilistic positioning in mobile phone network and its consequences for the privacy of mobility data / Aleksey Ogulenko in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 85 (January 2021)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 85 (January 2021) . - n° 101550 Titre : Probabilistic positioning in mobile phone network and its consequences for the privacy of mobility data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Aleksey Ogulenko, Auteur ; Itzhak Benenson, Auteur ; Itzhak Omer, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 101550 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] antenne [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification bayesienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] confidentialité [Termes descripteurs IGN] diagramme de Voronoï [Termes descripteurs IGN] estimation bayesienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] inférence [Termes descripteurs IGN] protection de la vie privée [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau téléphonique [Termes descripteurs IGN] téléphonie mobile [Termes descripteurs IGN] tessellation Résumé : (auteur) The traditional approach to mobile phone positioning is based on the assumption that the geographical location of a cell tower recorded in a Call Details Record (CDR) is a proxy for a device's location. A Voronoi tessellation is then constructed based on the entire network of cell towers and this tessellation is considered as a coordinate system, with the device located in a Voronoi polygon of a cell tower that is recorded in the CDR. If Voronoi-based positioning is correct, the uniqueness of the device trajectory is very high, and the device can be identified based on 3–5 of its recorded locations. We investigate a probabilistic approach to device positioning that is based on knowledge of each antennas' parameters and number of connections, as dependent on the distance to the antenna. The critical difference between the Voronoi-based and the real world layout is in the essential overlap of the antennas' service areas: The device that is located in a cell tower's polygon can be served by a more distant antenna that is chosen by the network system to balance the network load. Combining data on the distance distribution of the number of connections available for each antenna in the network, we resolve the overlap problem by applying Bayesian inference and construct a realistic distribution of the device location. Probabilistic device positioning demands a full revision of mobile phone privacy and new full set of tools for data analysis. Numéro de notice : A2021-005 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101550 date de publication en ligne : 14/10/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101550 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96272 [article]

Cadastral development in Norway: the need for improvement / Leiv Bjarte Mjøs in Survey review, vol 52 n° 375 (November 2020)  

Public [article]  inSurvey review > vol 52 n° 375 (November 2020) . - pp 473 - 484 Titre : Cadastral development in Norway: the need for improvement Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Leiv Bjarte Mjøs, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 473 - 484 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cadastre étranger [Termes descripteurs IGN] cadastre ancien [Termes descripteurs IGN] cartographie cadastrale [Termes descripteurs IGN] droit fiscal [Termes descripteurs IGN] historique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Norvège [Termes descripteurs IGN] photogrammétrie Résumé : (auteur) Cadastral systems provide important information for the public and private sectors. To understand the functions and impacts of a cadastral system one needs to understand its development. The Norwegian cadastral system has its origins in the 1600s and is defined as a German-style cadastral system. In the early 1800s, an economic survey was initiated in the kingdom of Denmark-Norway to modernise the tax cadastres. After the defeat in the Napoleonic wars, Norway entered into a union with Sweden in 1814 and the survey was stopped. Consequently, cadastral mapping would not be introduced in Norway until 1960, and at that time photogrammetric methods with poor quality control were used. Land subdivisions were undertaken by laymen until 1980. The paper describes cadastral development in Norway, challenges that have arisen and how they can be addressed. Measures to improve the system are proposed. Numéro de notice : A2020-685 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00396265.2019.1637094 date de publication en ligne : 05/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2019.1637094 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96213 [article]

Decentralized markets and the emergence of housing wealth inequality / Omar A. Guerrero in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 84 (November 2020)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 84 (November 2020) . - n° 101541 Titre : Decentralized markets and the emergence of housing wealth inequality Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Omar A. Guerrero, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 101541 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse socio-économique [Termes descripteurs IGN] bien immobilier [Termes descripteurs IGN] coefficient de Gini [Termes descripteurs IGN] évaluation foncière [Termes descripteurs IGN] inégalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] logement [Termes descripteurs IGN] marché foncier [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle orienté agent [Termes descripteurs IGN] patrimoine immobilier [Termes descripteurs IGN] propriété foncière [Termes descripteurs IGN] Royaume-Uni Résumé : (auteur) Recent studies suggest that the traditional determinants of housing wealth are insufficient to explain its current inequality levels. Thus, they argue that efforts should focus on understanding institutional factors. From the perspective of complex adaptive systems, institutions are more than the ‘the rules of the game’, they also consider the interaction protocols or the ‘algorithm’ through which agents engage in socioeconomic activities. By viewing markets as complex adaptive systems, I develop a model that allows estimating how much housing wealth inequality is attributable to the market institution. It combines virtues from two different modeling traditions: (1) the microeconomic foundations from overlapping-generation models and (2) the explicit interaction protocols of agent-based models. Overall, the model generates prices and housing inequality endogenously and from bottom-up; without needing to impose assumptions about the aggregate behavior of the market (such as market equilibrium). It accounts for economic and institutional factors that are important to housing consumption decisions (e.g., wages, consumption of goods, non-labor income, government transfers, taxes, etc.). I calibrate the model with the British Wealth and Assets Survey at the level of each individual household (i.e., ~25 million agents). By performing counter-factual simulations that control for data heterogeneity, I estimate that, in the United Kingdom, the decentralized protocol interaction of the housing market contributes with one to two thirds of the Gini coefficient. I perform policy experiments and compare the outcomes between an expansion in the housing stock, a sales tax, and an inheritance tax. The results raise concerns about the limitations of traditional policies and call for a careful re-examination of housing wealth inequality. Numéro de notice : A2020-711 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101541 date de publication en ligne : 26/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101541 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96268 [article]

Privacy-aware visualization of volunteered geographic information (VGI) to analyze spatial activity: A benchmark implementation / Alexander Dunkel in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 10 (October 2020)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 9 n° 10 (October 2020) . - 20 p. Titre : Privacy-aware visualization of volunteered geographic information (VGI) to analyze spatial activity: A benchmark implementation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alexander Dunkel, Auteur ; Marc Löchner, Auteur ; Dirk Burghardt, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 20 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] base de données d'images [Termes descripteurs IGN] chaîne de traitement [Termes descripteurs IGN] confidentialité [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes descripteurs IGN] protection de la vie privée [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau social [Termes descripteurs IGN] ressources naturelles [Termes descripteurs IGN] réutilisation des données [Termes descripteurs IGN] visualisation de données Résumé : (auteur) Through volunteering data, people can help assess information on various aspects of their surrounding environment. Particularly in natural resource management, Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) is increasingly recognized as a significant resource, for example, supporting visitation pattern analysis to evaluate collective values and improve natural well-being. In recent years, however, user privacy has become an increasingly important consideration. Potential conflicts often emerge from the fact that VGI can be re-used in contexts not originally considered by volunteers. Addressing these privacy conflicts is particularly problematic in natural resource management, where visualizations are often explorative, with multifaceted and sometimes initially unknown sets of analysis outcomes. In this paper, we present an integrated and component-based approach to privacy-aware visualization of VGI, specifically suited for application to natural resource management. As a key component, HyperLogLog (HLL)—a data abstraction format—is used to allow estimation of results, instead of more accurate measurements. While HLL alone cannot preserve privacy, it can be combined with existing approaches to improve privacy while, at the same time, maintaining some flexibility of analysis. Together, these components make it possible to gradually reduce privacy risks for volunteers at various steps of the analytical process. A specific use case demonstration is provided, based on a global, publicly-available dataset that contains 100 million photos shared by 581,099 users under Creative Commons licenses. Both the data processing pipeline and resulting dataset are made available, allowing transparent benchmarking of the privacy–utility tradeoffs. Numéro de notice : A2020-664 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi9100607 date de publication en ligne : 20/10/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9100607 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96141 [article]

A context sensitive approach to anonymizing public participation GIS data: From development to the assessment of anonymization effects on data quality / Kamyar Hasanzadeh in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 83 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 83 (September 2020) . - n° 101513 Titre : A context sensitive approach to anonymizing public participation GIS data: From development to the assessment of anonymization effects on data quality Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kamyar Hasanzadeh, Auteur ; Anna Kajosaari, Auteur ; Dan Häggman, Auteur ; Marketta Kyttä, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 101513 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] anonymisation [Termes descripteurs IGN] approche participative [Termes descripteurs IGN] collecte de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] données ouvertes [Termes descripteurs IGN] protection de la vie privée [Termes descripteurs IGN] qualité des données [Termes descripteurs IGN] SIG participatif [Termes descripteurs IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (auteur) Use of Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS) for data collection has been significantly growing over the past few years in different areas of research and practice. With the growing amount of data, there is little doubt that a potentially wider community can benefit from open access to them. Additionally, open data add to the transparency of research and can be considered as an essential feature of science. However, data anonymization is a complex task and the unique characteristics of PPGIS add to this complexity. PPGIS data often include personal spatial and non-spatial information, which essentially require different approaches for anonymization. In this study, we first identify different privacy concerns and then develop a PPGIS data anonymization strategy to overcome them for an open PPGIS data. Specifically, this article introduces a context-sensitive spatial anonymization method to protect individual home locations while maintaining their spatial resolution for mapping purposes. Furthermore, this study empirically evaluates the effects of data anonymization on PPGIS data quality. The results indicate that a satisfactory level of anonymization can be reached using this approach. Moreover, the assessment results indicate that the environmental and home range measurements as well as their intercorrelations are not significantly biased by the anonymization. However, necessary analytical measures such as use of larger spatial units is recommendable when anonymized data is used. In this study, European data protection regulations were used as the legal guidelines. However, adaptation of methods employed in this study may be also relevant to other countries where comparable regulations exist. Although specifically targeted at PPGIS data, what is discussed in this paper can be applicable to other similar spatial datasets as well. Numéro de notice : A2020-698 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101513 date de publication en ligne : 04/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101513 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96252 [article]

Relevé 3D et classification de nuages de points de patrimoine bâti / Arnadi Murtiyoso in XYZ, n° 164 (septembre 2020)

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Aux sources institutionnelles de l’enregistrement et du cadastre fonciers au Québec / Francis Roy in XYZ, n° 164 (septembre 2020)

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Thermal and spatial data integration for recreating rebuilding stages of wooden and masonry buildings / Paulina Lewińska in Photogrammetric record, vol 35 n° 171 (September 2020)  

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IGN et open data : nouveau modèle économique / Anonyme in Géomètre, n° 2182 (juillet - août 2020)

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Inspire : un investissement rapidement rentabilisé / Anonyme in Géomètre, n° 2182 (juillet - août 2020)

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Reestimating a minimum acceptable geocoding hit rate for conducting a spatial analysis / Alvaro Briz-Redon in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 7 (July 2020)  

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Modelling housing rents using spatial autoregressive geographically weighted regression: a case study in cracow, Poland / Mateusz Tomal in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 6 (June 2020)  

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Development and application of an intelligent modeling method for ancient wooden architecture / Yonghui Jiang in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 3 (March 2020)

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Promoting environmental justice through Integrated mapping approaches: the map of water conflicts in Andalusia (Spain) / Belen Pedregal in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 2 (February 2020)  

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Modelling perceived risks to personal privacy from location disclosure on online social networks / Fatma S. Alrayes in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 1 (January 2020)  

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