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Geographically masking addresses to study COVID-19 clusters / Walid Houfaf-Khoufaf in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol inconnu (2023)
[article]
Titre : Geographically masking addresses to study COVID-19 clusters Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Walid Houfaf-Khoufaf, Auteur ; Guillaume Touya , Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] adresse postale
[Termes IGN] anonymisation
[Termes IGN] carte sanitaire
[Termes IGN] classification barycentrique
[Termes IGN] surveillance sanitaire
[Termes IGN] traitement de données localiséesRésumé : (auteur) The spatio-temporal analysis of cases is a good way an epidemic, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic unfortunately generated a huge amount of data. But analysing this raw data, with for instance the address of the people who contracted COVID-19, raises some privacy issues, and geomasking is necessary to preserve both people privacy and the spatial accuracy required for analysis. This paper proposes dierent geomasking techniques adapted to this COVID-19 data. Methods: Different techniques are adapted from the literature, and tested on a synthetic dataset mimicking the COVID-19 spatio-temporal spreading in Paris and a more rural nearby region. Theses techniques are assessed in terms of k-anonymity and cluster preservation. Results: Three adapted geomasking techniques are proposed: aggregation, bimodal gaussian perturbation, and simulated crowding. All three can be useful in different use cases, but the bimodal gaussian perturbation is the overall best techniques, and the simulated crowding is the most promising one, provided some improvements are introduced to avoid points with a low k-anonymity. Conclusions: It is possible to use geomasking techniques on addresses of people who caught COVID-19, while preserving the important spatial patterns. Numéro de notice : A2023-084 Affiliation des auteurs : UGE-LASTIG+Ext (2020- ) Autre URL associée : vers RSquare Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2021.1977709 Date de publication en ligne : 08/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1977709 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96857
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol inconnu (2023)[article]An exploratory assessment of the effectiveness of geomasking methods on privacy protection and analytical accuracy for individual-level geospatial data / Jue Wang in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol 49 n° 5 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : An exploratory assessment of the effectiveness of geomasking methods on privacy protection and analytical accuracy for individual-level geospatial data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jue Wang, Auteur ; Junghwan Kim, Auteur ; Mei-Po Kwan, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 385 - 406 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] confidentialité
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] géomasquage
[Termes IGN] masque géographique
[Termes IGN] partage de données localisées
[Termes IGN] protection de la vie privéeRésumé : (auteur) The widespread use of personal geospatial data raises serious geoprivacy concerns for sharing these data, which may limit the reproducibility of research findings. One widely used method for securely sharing confidential geospatial information is applying geomasking techniques before sharing. Geomasking may reduce the usability of the data. Thus, researchers need to strike a balance between privacy protection and analytical accuracy. Although many geomasking methods have been proposed, there is no systematic evaluation of these methods or guidance on which method to use and how to apply it properly. To address this gap, we evaluate eight geomasking methods with simulated geospatial data with various spatial patterns and investigate their performance on privacy protection and analytical accuracy. We propose not only a set of preliminary guidelines for applying the proper geomasking methods when using different spatial analysis methods but also an evaluation framework for assessing geomasking methods for other spatial analysis methods. The findings will help researchers to properly apply geomasking for sensitive geospatial data and thus promote data sharing and interdisciplinary collaboration while protecting personal geoprivacy. Numéro de notice : A2022-632 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2022.2056510 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2022.2056510 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101397
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > Vol 49 n° 5 (September 2022) . - pp 385 - 406[article]Anonymisation des contributions des Cahiers citoyens : identifier et traiter les informations sensibles. / Arnaud Le Guilcher (2022)
Titre : Anonymisation des contributions des Cahiers citoyens : identifier et traiter les informations sensibles. Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Arnaud Le Guilcher , Auteur Editeur : Saint-Mandé : Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière - IGN (2012-) Année de publication : 2022 Conférence : Journée d'étude CAMS 2022, Les Cahiers citoyens (2019) – Approches croisées 11/02/2022 Paris France OA programme Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] anonymisation
[Termes IGN] corpus
[Termes IGN] protection de la vie privéeRésumé : (auteur) L’exploitation des contributions des Cahiers Citoyens pour l’analyse scientifique posent le problème du respect de la vie privée des contributeurs. En effet, les Cahiers Citoyens ont été conçus comme un moyen d’expression anonyme, dans lesquels des contributeurs pourraient s’exprimer librement. Cette liberté est menacée s’il est possible de ré-identifier les auteurs de certaines contributions. Or, certains éléments contenus dans le texte des contributions, combinés à des éléments de contexte (comme le nom de la commune) créent un tel risque de ré-identification. La démarche pour anonymiser les contributions est d’abord d’identifier les éléments des contributions susceptibles de permettre une ré-identification. Ces éléments peuvent être des informations sur l’identité du contributeur, ou des informations de localisation. Une fois des éléments identifiés, il faut les supprimer ou les généraliser pour obtenir un corpus ne présentant plus de risque, tout en conservant des informations utiles. Numéro de notice : C2022-002 Affiliation des auteurs : UGE-LASTIG (2020- ) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComSansActesPubliés-Unpublished DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100005
Titre : Ethics of artificial intelligence : Case studies and options for addressing ethical challenges Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Bernd Carsten Stahl, Auteur ; Doris Schroeder, Auteur ; Rowena Rodrigues, Auteur Editeur : Springer Nature Année de publication : 2022 Importance : 116 p. Format : 16 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-031-17040-9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] droit
[Termes IGN] éthique
[Termes IGN] manipulation de données
[Termes IGN] protection de la vie privée
[Termes IGN] sécuritéRésumé : (éditeur) This open access collection of AI ethics case studies is the first book to present real-life case studies combined with commentaries and strategies for overcoming ethical challenges. Case studies are one of the best ways to learn about ethical dilemmas and to achieve insights into various complexities and stakeholder perspectives. Given the omnipresence of AI ethics in academic, policy and media debates, the book will be suitable for a wide range of audiences, from scholars of different disciplines (e.g. AI science, ethics, politics, philosophy, economics) to policy-makers, lobbying NGOs, teachers and the educated public. Note de contenu : 1- The ethics of artificial intelligence: An introduction
2- Unfair and illegal discrimination
3- Privacy
4- surveillance capitalism
5- manipulation
6- Right to life, liberty and security of persons
7- Dignity
8- AI for good and the SDGs
9- The Ethics of artificial intelligence: A conclusionNuméro de notice : 24099 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.1007/978-3-031-17040-9 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17040-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102574 Identifying map users with eye movement data from map-based spatial tasks: user privacy concerns / Hua Liao in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 49 n° 1 (January 2022)
[article]
Titre : Identifying map users with eye movement data from map-based spatial tasks: user privacy concerns Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hua Liao, Auteur ; Weihua Dong, Auteur ; Zhicheng Zhan, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 50 - 69 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] confidentialité
[Termes IGN] identité
[Termes IGN] lecture de carte
[Termes IGN] oculométrie
[Termes IGN] orientation
[Termes IGN] partage de données localisées
[Termes IGN] protection de la vie privée
[Termes IGN] utilisateur
[Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique
[Vedettes matières IGN] CartologieRésumé : (auteur) Individuals with different characteristics exhibit different eye movement patterns in map reading and wayfinding tasks. In this study, we aim to explore whether and to what extent map users’ eye movements can be used to detect who created them. Specifically, we focus on the use of gaze data for inferring users’ identities when users are performing map-based spatial tasks. We collected 32 participants’ eye movement data as they utilized maps to complete a series of self-localization and spatial orientation tasks. We extracted five sets of eye movement features and trained a random forest classifier. We used a leave-one-task-out approach to cross-validate the classifier and achieved the best identification rate of 89%, with a 2.7% equal error rate. This result is among the best performances reported in eye movement user identification studies. We evaluated the feature importance and found that basic statistical features (e.g. pupil size, saccade latency and fixation dispersion) yielded better performance than other feature sets (e.g. spatial fixation densities, saccade directions and saccade encodings). The results open the potential to develop personalized and adaptive gaze-based map interactions but also raise concerns about user privacy protection in data sharing and gaze-based geoapplications. Numéro de notice : A2022-018 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2021.1980435 Date de publication en ligne : 06/10/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1980435 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99161
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 49 n° 1 (January 2022) . - pp 50 - 69[article]Réservation
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