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Cadastral development in Norway: the need for improvement / Leiv Bjarte Mjøs in Survey review, vol 52 n° 375 (November 2020)
[article]
Titre : Cadastral development in Norway: the need for improvement Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Leiv Bjarte Mjøs, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 473 - 484 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cadastre étranger
[Termes IGN] cadastre ancien
[Termes IGN] cartographie cadastrale
[Termes IGN] droit fiscal
[Termes IGN] historique
[Termes IGN] Norvège
[Termes IGN] photogrammétrieRésumé : (auteur) Cadastral systems provide important information for the public and private sectors. To understand the functions and impacts of a cadastral system one needs to understand its development. The Norwegian cadastral system has its origins in the 1600s and is defined as a German-style cadastral system. In the early 1800s, an economic survey was initiated in the kingdom of Denmark-Norway to modernise the tax cadastres. After the defeat in the Napoleonic wars, Norway entered into a union with Sweden in 1814 and the survey was stopped. Consequently, cadastral mapping would not be introduced in Norway until 1960, and at that time photogrammetric methods with poor quality control were used. Land subdivisions were undertaken by laymen until 1980. The paper describes cadastral development in Norway, challenges that have arisen and how they can be addressed. Measures to improve the system are proposed. Numéro de notice : A2020-685 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00396265.2019.1637094 Date de publication en ligne : 05/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00396265.2019.1637094 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96213
in Survey review > vol 52 n° 375 (November 2020) . - pp 473 - 484[article]Increasing Cervidae populations have variable impacts on habitat suitability for threatened forest plant and lichen species / James D.M. Speed in Forest ecology and management, vol 473 ([01/10/2020])
[article]
Titre : Increasing Cervidae populations have variable impacts on habitat suitability for threatened forest plant and lichen species Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : James D.M. Speed, Auteur ; Gunnar Austrheim, Auteur ; Mika Bendiksby, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 10 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Cervidae
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] flore forestière
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] habitat forestier
[Termes IGN] lichen
[Termes IGN] Norvège
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Large herbivores play a key role in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems. Cervidae (deer) population densities and community structure have undergone drastic changes in many parts of the world over the past decades, often with deer populations increasing. Many studies show impacts of Cervidae on multiple ecosystem properties, including vegetation and biodiversity, at local spatial scales. At larger spatial scales, however, impacts of changing Cervidae populations on forest ecosystems are less known. Although both abiotic and biotic dimensions contribute to shaping species’ niches, abiotic variables are generally given prominence when modelling species habitats and ranges. This is despite biotic changes, including changes in trophic structure, being an important component of global environmental change. In this study, we examined the potential contribution of Cervidae densities to the habitat suitability for rare plant and lichen species across the temperate and boreal forests of Norway, where cervid densities have increased over the past 60 years. We also examined how these changes in herbivore communities may have shaped habitat suitability for rare lichens and plants and discuss the results in light of continuing shifts in herbivore assemblages. We ran habitat suitability models for 47 species of rare plants and lichens, which were selected based on herbivory reported as a criterion for placement on the national red list for species. Climate (temperature and precipitation), forest (forest type and productivity), soil pH and Cervidae densities (moose Alces alces, red deer Cervus elaphus and roe deer Capreolus capreolus) were used as independent variables. Densities of one or more of the three Cervidae species were inferred to be associated with the distribution of 14 (ten lichen, one bryophyte and three vascular plant species) of these 47 species. We found a range of habitat suitability associations with Cervidae densities, including positive, negative and hump-backed responses. Increases in Cervidae densities over the past 60 years may have led to different spatial trends in habitat suitability across the 14 species. Our results suggest that Cervidae densities are associated with the distribution of rare forest plant and lichen species differently at large spatial scales; experimental studies should test the causality of these associations. If causal, this implies that Cervidae management should find a balance between high and low densities to conserve several plant and lichen species. The preponderance of epiphytic lichens species, for which habitat suitability was associated with Cervidae densities, calls for field studies to focus on Cervidae impacts on forest lichens. Numéro de notice : A2020-622 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118286 Date de publication en ligne : 20/06/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118286 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96018
in Forest ecology and management > vol 473 [01/10/2020] . - 10 p.[article]A century of National Forest Inventory in Norway – informing past, present, and future decisions / Johannes Breidenbach in Forest ecosystems, vol 7 (2020)
[article]
Titre : A century of National Forest Inventory in Norway – informing past, present, and future decisions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Johannes Breidenbach, Auteur ; Aksel Granhus, Auteur ; Gro Hylen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 46 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] Norvège
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] ressources forestières
[Termes IGN] santé des forêts
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Termes IGN] télédétection
[Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestierRésumé : (auteur) Past: In the early twentieth century, forestry was one of the most important sectors in Norway and an agitated discussion about the perceived decline of forest resources due to over-exploitation was ongoing. To base the discussion on facts, the young state of Norway established Landsskogtakseringen – the world’s first National Forest Inventory (NFI). Field work started in 1919 and was carried out by county. Trees were recorded on 10 m wide strips with 1–5 km interspaces. Site quality and land cover categories were recorded along each strip. Results for the first county were published in 1920, and by 1930 most forests below the coniferous tree line were inventoried. The 2nd to 5th inventories followed in the years 1937–1986. As of 1954, temporary sample plot clusters on a 3 km × 3 km grid were used as sampling units. Present: The current NFI grid was implemented in the 6th NFI from 1986 to 1993, when permanent plots on a 3 km × 3 km grid were established below the coniferous tree line. As of the 7th inventory in 1994, the NFI is continuous, and 1/5 of the plots are measured annually. All trees with a diameter ≥ 5 cm are recorded on circular, 250 m2 plots. The NFI grid was expanded in 2005 to cover alpine regions with 3 km × 9 km and 9 km × 9 km grids. In 2012, the NFI grid within forest reserves was doubled along the cardinal directions. Clustered temporary plots are used periodically to facilitate county-level estimates. As of today, more than 120 variables are recorded in the NFI including bilberry cover, drainage status, deadwood, and forest health. Land-use changes are monitored and trees outside forests are recorded. Future: Considerable research efforts towards the integration of remote sensing technologies enable the publication of the Norwegian Forest Resource Map since 2015, which is also used for small area estimation at the municipality level. On the analysis side, capacity and software for long term growth and yield prognosis are being developed. Furthermore, we foresee the inclusion of further variables for monitoring ecosystem services, and an increasing demand for mapped information. The relatively simple NFI design has proven to be a robust choice for satisfying steadily increasing information needs and concurrently providing consistent time series. Numéro de notice : A2020-813 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s40663-020-00261-0 Date de publication en ligne : 17/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00261-0 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96986
in Forest ecosystems > vol 7 (2020) . - n° 46[article]Mapping forest age using National Forest Inventory, airborne laser scanning, and Sentinel-2 data / Johannes Schumacher in Forest ecosystems, vol 7 (2020)
[article]
Titre : Mapping forest age using National Forest Inventory, airborne laser scanning, and Sentinel-2 data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Johannes Schumacher, Auteur ; Marius Hauglin, Auteur ; Rasmus Astrup, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 60 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] carte forestière
[Termes IGN] dendrochronologie
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] Norvège
[Termes IGN] peuplement forestier
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] régression linéaire
[Termes IGN] semis de pointsRésumé : (auteur) Background: The age of forest stands is critical information for forest management and conservation, for example for growth modelling, timing of management activities and harvesting, or decisions about protection areas. However, area-wide information about forest stand age often does not exist. In this study, we developed regression models for large-scale area-wide prediction of age in Norwegian forests. For model development we used more than 4800 plots of the Norwegian National Forest Inventory (NFI) distributed over Norway between latitudes 58° and 65° N in an 18.2 Mha study area. Predictor variables were based on airborne laser scanning (ALS), Sentinel-2, and existing public map data. We performed model validation on an independent data set consisting of 63 spruce stands with known age.
Results: The best modelling strategy was to fit independent linear regression models to each observed site index (SI) level and using a SI prediction map in the application of the models. The most important predictor variable was an upper percentile of the ALS heights, and root mean squared errors (RMSEs) ranged between 3 and 31 years (6% to 26%) for SI-specific models, and 21 years (25%) on average. Mean deviance (MD) ranged between − 1 and 3 years. The models improved with increasing SI and the RMSEs were largest for low SI stands older than 100 years. Using a mapped SI, which is required for practical applications, RMSE and MD on plot level ranged from 19 to 56 years (29% to 53%), and 5 to 37 years (5% to 31%), respectively. For the validation stands, the RMSE and MD were 12 (22%) and 2 years (3%), respectively.
Conclusions: Tree height estimated from airborne laser scanning and predicted site index were the most important variables in the models describing age. Overall, we obtained good results, especially for stands with high SI. The models could be considered for practical applications, although we see considerable potential for improvements if better SI maps were available.Numéro de notice : A2020-811 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s40663-020-00274-9 Date de publication en ligne : 10/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-020-00274-9 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96983
in Forest ecosystems > vol 7 (2020) . - n° 60[article]Spatiotemporal variation in the relationship between boreal forest productivity proxies and climate data / Clémentine Ols in Dendrochronologia, vol 58 (December 2019)
[article]
Titre : Spatiotemporal variation in the relationship between boreal forest productivity proxies and climate data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Clémentine Ols , Auteur ; Ingvil Kålås, Auteur ; Igor Drobyshev, Auteur ; Lars Söderström, Auteur ; Annika Hofgaard, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Projets : PREREAL / Ali, Ahmed Adam Article en page(s) : n° 125648 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
[Termes IGN] Norvège
[Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris
[Termes IGN] productivité
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) The impacts of climate change on high-latitude forest ecosystems are still uncertain. Divergent forest productivity trends have recently been reported both at the local and regional level challenging the projections of boreal tree growth dynamics. The present study investigated (i) the responses of different forest productivity proxies to monthly climate (temperature and precipitation) through space and time; and (ii) the local coherency between these proxies through time at four high-latitude boreal Scots pine sites (coastal and inland) in Norway. Forest productivity proxies consisted of two proxies representing stem growth dynamics (radial and height growth) and one proxy representing canopy dynamics (cumulative May-to-September Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)). Between-proxy and climate-proxy correlations were computed over the 1982–2011 period and over two 15-yr sub-periods. Over the entire period, radial growth significantly correlated with current year July temperature, and height growth and cumulative NDVI significantly correlated with previous and current growing season temperatures. Significant climate responses were quite similar across sites, despite some higher sensitivity to non-growing season climate at inland sites. Significant climate-proxy correlations identified over the entire period were temporarily unstable. Local coherency between proxies was generally insignificant. The spatiotemporal instability in climate-proxy correlations observed for all proxies underlines evolving responses to climate and challenges the modelling of forest productivity. The general lack of local coherency between proxies at our four study sites suggests that forest productivity estimations based on a single proxy should be considered with great caution. The combined use of different forest growth metrics may help circumvent uncertainties in capturing responses of forest productivity to climate variability and improve estimations of carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems. Numéro de notice : A2019-618 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2012-2019) Autre URL associée : vers HAL Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.dendro.2019.125648 Date de publication en ligne : 06/11/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2019.125648 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95346
in Dendrochronologia > vol 58 (December 2019) . - n° 125648[article]Time-lapse photogrammetry of distributed snow depth during snowmelt / Simon Filhol in Water resources research, vol 55 n° 9 (September 2019)PermalinkSite and age-dependent responses of Picea abies growth to climate variability / Petr Čermák in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 138 n° 3 (June 2019)PermalinkPrecise DEM extraction from Svalbard using 1936 high oblique imagery / Luc Girod in Geoscientific instrumentation methods and data systems, vol 7 n° 4 ([01/10/2018])PermalinkLa propriété en 3D : état des lieux / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 123 (juillet - août 2018)PermalinkEffects of terrain slope and aspect on the error of ALS-based predictions of forest attributes / Hans Ole Ørka in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 91 n° 2 (April 2018)PermalinkValue of airborne laser scanning and digital aerial photogrammetry data in forest decision making / Annika S. Kangas in Silva fennica, vol 52 n° 1 ([01/02/2018])PermalinkGenerating terrestrial glacier views from historic airphotos for comparison with contemporary ground photographs / Marion Holst (2018)PermalinkDigital aerial photogrammetry can efficiently support large-area forest inventories in Norway / Lars Johannes in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 90 n° 5 (December 2017)PermalinkEnhanced MODIS atmospheric total water vapour content trends in response to Arctic amplification / Dunya Alraddawi in Atmosphere, vol 8 n° 12 (December 2017)PermalinkHabitat connectivity affects specialist species richness more than generalists in veteran trees / Anne Sverdrup-Thygeson in Forest ecology and management, vol 403 (1 November 2017)Permalink