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Ultrawideband gated step frequency Ground-Penetrating Radar / M. Oyan in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 50 n° 1 (January 2012)

Public [article]  inIEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 50 n° 1 (January 2012) . - pp 212 - 220 Titre : Ultrawideband gated step frequency Ground-Penetrating Radar Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M. Oyan, Auteur ; S.E. Hamran, Auteur ; L. Hanssen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp 212 - 220 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Acquisition d'image(s) et de donnée(s) [Termes descripteurs IGN] bande spectrale [Termes descripteurs IGN] capteur spatial [Termes descripteurs IGN] modulation de fréquence [Termes descripteurs IGN] prototype [Termes descripteurs IGN] Radar pénétrant GPR [Termes descripteurs IGN] Svalbard Résumé : (Auteur) We describe a prototype ultrawideband radar. We show how the system was designed and how the hardware was developed for the radar prototype. Waveform generation, radar parameters, and signal processing for the stepped frequency waveform are discussed. The radar operates from 500 MHz to 3 GHz with a nominal resolution of 6 cm in air. The advantage of the stepped frequency approach over an impulse radar is better matching between the transmitted waveform and the receiver. We use range gating to improve the system dynamic range. The advantages are illustrated with laboratory measurements and field measurements from glacial ice and permafrost in Svalbard, showing penetration depths of 11 m. Antennas which do not require contact with the ground were developed and used in the experiments. Numéro de notice : A2012-034 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31482 [article]

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GIS integration dream: former raster nightmare / K. Jones in Geoinformatics, vol 14 n° 1 (01/01/2011)

Public [article]  inGeoinformatics > vol 14 n° 1 (01/01/2011) . - pp 18 - 20 Titre : GIS integration dream: former raster nightmare Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : K. Jones, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp 18 - 20 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte géologique [Termes descripteurs IGN] données géologiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] géologie locale [Termes descripteurs IGN] Geomatica (logiciel) [Termes descripteurs IGN] image Terra-ASTER [Termes descripteurs IGN] intégration de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] Norvège Résumé : (Auteur) The geological survey of Norway makes use of PCI's new Geolmaging tools for ArcGIS to reduce the cost of mapping the bedrock in the Rogaland region of Norway. Numéro de notice : A2011-019 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30801 [article]

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Land cover classification of cloud-contaminated multitemporal high-resolution images / A. Salberg in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 49 n° 1 Tome 2 (January 2011)

Public [article]  inIEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 49 n° 1 Tome 2 (January 2011) . - pp 377 - 387 Titre : Land cover classification of cloud-contaminated multitemporal high-resolution images Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Salberg, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp 377 - 387 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes descripteurs IGN] classificateur non paramétrique [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification barycentrique [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification dirigée [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par maximum de vraisemblance [Termes descripteurs IGN] image Landsat-ETM+ [Termes descripteurs IGN] image Landsat-TM [Termes descripteurs IGN] image multitemporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] image optique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Norvège [Termes descripteurs IGN] occupation du sol Résumé : (Auteur) We show how methods proposed in the statistical community dealing with missing data may be applied for land cover classification, where optical observations are missing due to clouds and snow. The proposed method is divided into two stages: 1) cloud/snow classification and 2) training and land cover classification. The purpose of the cloud/snow classification stage is to determine which pixels are missing due to clouds and snow. All pixels in each optical image are classified into the classes cloud, snow, water, and vegetation using a suitable classifier. The pixels classified as cloud or snow are labeled as missing, and this information is used in the subsequent training and classification stage, which deals with classification of the pixels into various land cover classes. For land cover classification, we apply the maximum-likelihood (assuming normal distributions), -nearest neighbor, and Parzen classifiers, all modified to handle missing features. The classifiers are evaluated on Landsat (both Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) images covering a scene at about 900 m a.s.l. in the Hardangervidda mountain plateau in Southern Norway, where 4869 in situ samples of the land cover classes water, ridge, leeside, snowbed, mire, forest, and rock are obtained. The results show that proper modeling of the missing pixels improves the classification rate by 5%-10%, and by using multiple images, we increase the chance of observing the land cover type substantially. The nonparametric classifiers handle nonignorable missing-data mechanisms and are therefore particularly suitable for remote sensing applications where the pixels covered by snow and cloud may depend on the land cover type. Numéro de notice : A2011-052 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30833 [article]

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The kinematics of Ny-Ålesund from space geodetic data / Halfdan Pascal Kierulf in Journal of geodynamics, vol 48 n° 1 (July 2009)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodynamics > vol 48 n° 1 (July 2009) . - pp 37 - 46 Titre : The kinematics of Ny-Ålesund from space geodetic data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Halfdan Pascal Kierulf, Auteur ; Bjørn Ragnvald Pettersen, Auteur ; Daniel S. MacMillan, Auteur ; Pascal Willis , Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 37 - 46 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes de référence et réseaux [Termes descripteurs IGN] marégraphe [Termes descripteurs IGN] positionnement par DORIS [Termes descripteurs IGN] positionnement par GPS [Termes descripteurs IGN] positionnement par ITGB [Termes descripteurs IGN] repère de référence [Termes descripteurs IGN] Spitzberg [Termes descripteurs IGN] station permanente Résumé : (auteur) We have compared coordinate time series from several space geodetic observing techniques to derive the kinematical motions of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Velocity estimates from VLBI, GPS, and DORIS scatter more than the expected error estimates from each technique, and also between individual GPS solutions with different software and analysis strategies. A statistical combination yields average topocentric velocity components of mm/year (north), mm/year (east), and mm/year (vertical) for 1993–2007. The horizontal velocity is in agreement with a combined prediction of NUVEL-NNR-1A and the effects of post-glacial rebound and present day ice melt of nearby glaciers. The observed uplift is twice that predicted by the two latter processes. The non-linear time series of both VLBI and GPS data suggest that the uplift rate increases from 7.0 mm/year before 2003 to 10.8 mm/year after 2003. We conclude that this has a geophysical origin since no monument motions have been detected. A recent sea level decrease (1993–2007) of mm/year supports an absolute sea level increase of 3.2 mm/year as determined elsewhere by satellite altimetry. Numéro de notice : A2009-550 Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.jog.2009.05.002 date de publication en ligne : 14/05/2009 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2009.05.002 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89890 [article]

What do we need laws for? / L. Aslesen in Bulletin des sciences géographiques, n° 23 (juin 2009)

Public [article]  inBulletin des sciences géographiques > n° 23 (juin 2009) . - pp 25 - 32 Titre : What do we need laws for? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : L. Aslesen, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 25 - 32 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] coopération [Termes descripteurs IGN] droit public [Termes descripteurs IGN] infrastructure nationale des données localisées [Termes descripteurs IGN] INSPIRE [Termes descripteurs IGN] Norvège [Termes descripteurs IGN] règlement Résumé : (Auteur) In Norway we have found that establishing an SDI on a voluntary basis have worked well. We have had no need so far to establish a legal framework, in the form of new legislation or changes to existing legislation. The government regulates its own activities and other stakeholders have voluntarily joined in, seeing the advantages for themselves. For Europe a different approach is used by the European Union. An SDI is being established with the use of a legal framework, the INSPIRE directive with supplementing regulations. As a supplement for the needs of the private sector, EU has the PS I (re-use) directive. It is interesting to compare these approaches by analysing the need and use of a legal framework for establishing an SDI. It is also interesting to look at what happens when a voluntary solution is about to be replaced by a law reform. Laws and regulations are tools for a purpose and not an end in itself. The question is whether a regulatory approach helps in a way that other tools can not. It is also a general experience that legislation meant to initiate a fairly large reform in a certain area, needs vigorous follow up for a long time in order to work as expected. The role of the public sector is important in the discussion of how to establish and SDI. In this context, one can not avoid the issue of funding and the discussion on whether the moving around of money between public organisations serves a purpose. In a global perspective it is interesting to consider how these two approaches, legislation or cooperation will work in other places. There are places where establishing data and services that will work in a modern technological environment are more important than an SDI, because an SDI needs data and data services like a road network needs the roads and the road signs. It is also a consideration that some of the ambitions of an SDI as they have been denned up to now, should be reconsidered when considering the tools for implementing an SDI. Copyright INCT Numéro de notice : A2009-472 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30101 [article]

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Mean dynamic topography and geostrophic surface currents in the Fram Strait derived from geodetic data / D. Lysaker in Marine geodesy, vol 32 n° 1 (January - March 2009)

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The gravitational effect of ocean tide loading at high latitude coastal stations in Norway / D.I. Lysaker in Journal of geodesy, vol 82 n° 9 (September 2008)

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Accuracy of forest mapping based on Landsat TM data and a kNN-based method / K. Gjertsen in Remote sensing of environment, vol 110 n° 4 (30/10/2007)

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Quasigeoid evaluation with improved levelled height data for Norway / D.I. Lysaker in Journal of geodesy, vol 81 n° 9 (September 2007)

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GPS on ice / D. Lambermont in GEO: Geoconnexion international, vol 6 n° 4 (april 2007)

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European property information, EULIS: removing barriers to cross-border lending / J. Atkey in GIM international, vol 20 n° 7 (July 2006)

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Tectonique du bassin dévonien du Spitzberg (Svalbard) à l'Est de Dicksonfjorden : interprétation à partir de modèles numériques de terrain et de photographies aériennes / D. Dhont in Photo interprétation, vol 42 n° 2 (Juin 2006)

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The use of second-generation wavelets to combine a gravimetric quasigeoid model with GPS-levelling data / A. Soltanpour in Journal of geodesy, vol 80 n° 2 (May 2006)

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Sea ice monitoring by L-band SAR: an assessment based on literature and comparisons of JERS-1 and ERS-1 imagery / W. Dierking in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 44 n° 4 (April 2006)

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Amélioration d'une chaine de production de cartes de couverture neigeuse à partir d'images SAR (synthetic aperture radar) et d'images optiques / V. Caillard (2004)

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