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The effect of map label language on the visual search of cartographic point symbols / Paweł Cybulski in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 49 n° 3 (May 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 49 n° 3 (May 2022) . - pp 189 - 204 Titre : The effect of map label language on the visual search of cartographic point symbols Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Paweł Cybulski, Auteur ; Vassilios Krassanakis, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 189 - 204 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] détection de cible [Termes IGN] étiquette [Termes IGN] langage cartographique [Termes IGN] langue [Termes IGN] lecture de carte [Termes IGN] oculométrie [Termes IGN] sémiologie graphique [Termes IGN] symbole graphique [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartologie Résumé : (auteur) The present study aims to examine how the visual search for cartographic symbols is affected by the language of map labels. More specifically, we explore the influence of native language in the performance of a visual search map task which is referred to target point symbol detection. The main research hypothesis is that the relative position of the target symbols plays a significant role in the visual search process, although labels language impacts reaction time. In a controlled laboratory experiment with 38 participants and eye tracking technology, we used maps with labels in participants’ native language (Polish) and in Chinese, which participants could neither read nor write. We find that the detection of target symbols with Chinese labels is faster when the symbol’s location is peripheral. On the other hand, faster detection of target symbols with labels in participants’ native language favors central location. It turned out that having noticed the target symbol, participants fixated on the native language label. For Chinese labels, having seen the target symbol, participants did not fixate on the label. It also turned out that when participants searched for a target symbol located in the peripheral zone, more visual attention was in this zone. However, when the target symbol’s location was central, the participants’ visual attention focused mostly on the central zone. This confirms the significant role of the location of cartographic symbols in the visual search process. Numéro de notice : A2022- 292 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2021.2007419 Date de publication en ligne : 16/12/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.2007419 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100340 [article]

A user-centric optimization of emergency map symbols to facilitate common operational picture / Tomasz Opach in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 49 n° 2 (February 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 49 n° 2 (February 2022) . - pp 134 - 153 Titre : A user-centric optimization of emergency map symbols to facilitate common operational picture Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tomasz Opach, Auteur ; Jan Ketil Rød, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 134 - 153 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] entretien d'enquête [Termes IGN] Norvège [Termes IGN] représentation cartographique [Termes IGN] secours d'urgence [Termes IGN] sémiologie graphique [Termes IGN] symbole graphique [Termes IGN] utilisateur [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique Résumé : (auteur) Common operational understanding among engaged emergency responders is facilitated through shared operational pictures during crisis situations. Sharing is typically achieved through interactive tools, either desktop or web-based, in which map displays play an essential role. That role can be further strengthened if (1) agreed emergency symbols that are used in map-based interactive tools are sufficient to encode multifaceted operational information visually; and (2) the symbols are legible and meaningful for the diverse users of those tools. The authors revisited official emergency map symbols in use in Norway and reconsidered them against current requirements. To this end, they first conducted several meetings with stakeholders to elicit adequate revision requirements. Next, the reconsideration included the extension of the symbol set, symbol modification, and grouping. After the reconsideration, emergency management officers and specialists were interviewed. The interviews confirmed the agreement with the symbol categorization, extension of the symbols, and their modifications. The interviewees also made numerous suggestions to be considered in a follow-up study. Moreover, two concepts – symbol standardization and symbol harmonization – were proposed. Numéro de notice : A2022-137 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2021.1994469 Date de publication en ligne : 13/12/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1994469 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99758 [article]

Complexity-based matching between image resolution and map scale for multiscale image-map generation / Qian Peng in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 35 n° 10 (October 2021)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 35 n° 10 (October 2021) . - pp 1951 - 1974 Titre : Complexity-based matching between image resolution and map scale for multiscale image-map generation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Qian Peng, Auteur ; Zhilin Li, Auteur ; Jun Chen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1951 - 1974 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] appariement de lignes [Termes IGN] échelle cartographique [Termes IGN] Hong-Kong [Termes IGN] niveau de détail [Termes IGN] objet géographique linéaire [Termes IGN] orthophotocarte [Termes IGN] précision cartographique [Termes IGN] précision planimétrique [Termes IGN] résolution globale (imagerie) [Termes IGN] symbole graphique [Termes IGN] visualisation multiéchelle [Vedettes matières IGN] Généralisation Résumé : (auteur) An image-map is a compromise between an image and a map. The quality of such maps is affected by several factors, such as (a) the matching between the features on images and the graphic symbols from maps, (b) the complexity of background images, and (c) the representation of graphic and text symbols on the images. This project deals with the first issue. The current solution is that the accuracy of images should satisfy the accuracy standard of maps. However, images with different resolutions can satisfy the standard for a specific map scale. This may lead to a situation in which the levels of detail (LoD) in images may not match the complexity of map features although the planimetric accuracy is matched. To solve this problem, we developed a complexity-based matching between the image resolution and map scale. More precisely, the matching is based on the complexity of line features. Experimental evaluations were conducted in 15 representative areas in Hong Kong using maps at seven scales and eight image resolutions. Results show that the proposed complexity-based method is capable of obtaining good matching between image resolution and map scale in terms of both accuracy and users’ preference. Numéro de notice : A2021-655 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2021.1885674 Date de publication en ligne : 12/04/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2021.1885674 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98391 [article]

A methodology for producing realistic hill-shading map based on shaded relief map, digital orthophotographic map fusion and IHS transformation / Hongyun Zeng in Annals of GIS, vol 27 n° 4 (October 2021)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of GIS > vol 27 n° 4 (October 2021) . - pp 371 - 382 Titre : A methodology for producing realistic hill-shading map based on shaded relief map, digital orthophotographic map fusion and IHS transformation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hongyun Zeng, Auteur ; Zhiqiang Xie, Auteur ; Jinqu Zhang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 371 - 382 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie [Termes IGN] données vectorielles [Termes IGN] effet d'ombre [Termes IGN] espace colorimétrique [Termes IGN] géomorphologie [Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface [Termes IGN] ombre [Termes IGN] orthophotocarte [Termes IGN] représentation du relief [Termes IGN] teinte hypsométrique [Termes IGN] transformation intensité-teinte-saturation Résumé : (auteur) The traditional hill-shading map is usually produced from a digital elevation model (DEM) by using the method of hypsometric tinting, which is capable of demonstrating the changes in geomorphology by setting the colors for hill-shading. However, the disadvantage is obvious that the surface features of the terrain can only be utilized by putting vector data on the map. Hence, the terrain display effect will be altered, especially in the production of large-scale maps, for which the artistic effect will be greatly weakened. This paper proposes a solution to this problem. First, we transform the RGB color space of the Digital orthophotographic map (DOM) image into the intensity-hue-saturation (IHS) color space. Then, we calculate the new value of the intensity as I′ for each pixel of the shaded relief model (SRM) of the high-resolution remote sensing image. Finally, we replace the component I with the new component I′ and then proceed with the inverse IHS transform. The case study shows that an objective representation of the actual situation is presented in the mapping area, and the 3D performance capabilities are enhanced. This research indicates that when the method of fusing the processed SRM with the IHS color system is used, the optimum index factor (OIF) and entropy of the generated map are 41.26 and 12.05, respectively, which are much greater than for the results of the traditional method. In other words, the proposed method can greatly enhance the terrain effect. Numéro de notice : A2021-667 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/19475683.2021.1921026 Date de publication en ligne : 04/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2021.1921026 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98816 [article]

Detection of pictorial map objects with convolutional neural networks / Raimund Schnürer in Cartographic journal (the), vol 58 n° 1 (August 2021)  

Public [article]  inCartographic journal (the) > vol 58 n° 1 (August 2021) . - pp 50 - 68 Titre : Detection of pictorial map objects with convolutional neural networks Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Raimund Schnürer, Auteur ; René Sieber, Auteur ; Jost Schmid-Lanter, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 50 - 68 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image [Termes IGN] base de données d'images [Termes IGN] bibliothèque numérique [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] carte numérique [Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes IGN] détection d'objet [Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes IGN] objet cartographique [Termes IGN] pictogramme Résumé : (auteur) In this work, realistically drawn objects are identified on digital maps by convolutional neural networks. For the first two experiments, 6200 images were retrieved from Pinterest. While alternating image input options, two binary classifiers based on Xception and InceptionResNetV2 were trained to separate maps and pictorial maps. Results showed that the accuracy is 95–97% to distinguish maps from other images, whereas maps with pictorial objects are correctly classified at rates of 87–92%. For a third experiment, bounding boxes of 3200 sailing ships were annotated in historic maps from different digital libraries. Faster R-CNN and RetinaNet were compared to determine the box coordinates, while adjusting anchor scales and examining configurations for small objects. A resulting average precision of 32% was obtained for Faster R-CNN and of 36% for RetinaNet. Research outcomes are relevant for trawling map images on the Internet and for enhancing the advanced search of digital map catalogues. Numéro de notice : A2021-651 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00087041.2020.1738112 Date de publication en ligne : 11/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2020.1738112 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98381 [article]

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