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Using quantum optical sensors for determining the Earth’s gravity field from space / Jurgen Müller in Journal of geodesy, vol 94 n° 8 (August 2020)
Titre : Using quantum optical sensors for determining the Earth’s gravity field from space Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jurgen Müller, Auteur ; Hu Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 71 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] capteur optique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] données GOCE
[Termes descripteurs IGN] données GRACE
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gradient
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gradiomètre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] horloge du satellite
[Termes descripteurs IGN] incertitude temporelle
[Termes descripteurs IGN] longueur d'onde
[Termes descripteurs IGN] onde myriamétrique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] optique quantiqueRésumé : (auteur) Quantum optical technology provides an opportunity to develop new kinds of gravity sensors and to enable novel measurement concepts for gravimetry. Two candidates are considered in this study: the cold atom interferometry (CAI) gradiometer and optical clocks. Both sensors show a high sensitivity and long-term stability. They are assumed on board of a low-orbit satellite like gravity field and steady-state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE) and gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) to determine the Earth’s gravity field. Their individual contributions were assessed through closed-loop simulations which rigorously mapped the sensors’ sensitivities to the gravity field coefficients. Clocks, which can directly obtain the gravity potential (differences) through frequency comparison, show a high sensitivity to the very long-wavelength gravity field. In the GRACE orbit, clocks with an uncertainty level of 1.0×10−18 are capable to retrieve temporal gravity signals below degree 12, while 1.0×10−17 clocks are useful for detecting the signals of degree 2 only. However, it poses challenges for clocks to achieve such uncertainties in a short time. In space, the CAI gradiometer is expected to have its ultimate sensitivity and a remarkable stability over a long time (measurements are precise down to very low frequencies). The three diagonal gravity gradients can properly be measured by CAI gradiometry with a same noise level of 5.0 mE/Hz−−−√. They can potentially lead to a 2–5 times better solution of the static gravity field than that of GOCE above degree and order 50, where the GOCE solution is mainly dominated by the gradient measurements. In the lower degree part, benefits from CAI gradiometry are still visible, but there, solutions from GRACE-like missions are superior. Numéro de notice : A2020-537 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-020-01401-8 date de publication en ligne : 24/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-020-01401-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95730
in Journal of geodesy > vol 94 n° 8 (August 2020) . - n° 71[article]
Titre : Combination of GRACE monthly gravity fields on the normal equation level Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ulrich Meyer, Auteur ; Yoomin Jean, Auteur ; A. Kvas, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 1645 - 1658 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de variance
[Termes descripteurs IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] données GRACE
[Termes descripteurs IGN] filtrage du bruit
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] mesure de la qualité
[Termes descripteurs IGN] série temporelleRésumé : (Auteur) A large number of time-series of monthly gravity fields derived from GRACE data provide users with a wealth of information on mass transport processes in the system Earth. The users are, however, left alone with the decision which time-series to analyze. Following the example of other well-known combination services provided by the geodetic community, the prototype of a combination service has been developed within the frame of the project EGSIEM (2015–2017) to combine the different time-series with the goal to provide a unique and superior product to the user community. Four associated analysis centers (ACs) of EGSIEM, namely AIUB, GFZ, GRGS and IfG, generated monthly gravity fields which were then combined using the different normal equations (NEQs). But the relative weights determined by variance component estimation (VCE) on the NEQ level do not lead to an optimal combined product due to the different processing strategies applied by the individual ACs. We therefore resort to VCE on the solution level to derive relative weights that are representative of the noise levels of the individual solutions. These weights are then applied in the combination on the NEQ level. Prior to combination, empirical scaling factors that are based on pairwise combinations of NEQs are derived to balance the impact of the NEQs on the combined solution. We compare the processing approaches of the different ACs and introduce quality measures derived either from the differences w.r.t. the monthly means of the individual gravity fields or w.r.t. a deterministic signal model. After combination, the gravity fields are validated by comparison to the official GRACE SDS RL05 time-series and the individual contributions of the associated ACs in the spectral and the spatial domain. While the combined gravity fields are comparable in signal strength to the individual time-series, they stand out by their low noise level. In terms of noise, they are in 90% of all months as good or better than the best individual contribution from IfG and significantly less noisy than the official GRACE SDS RL05 time-series. Numéro de notice : A2019-507 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-019-01274-6 date de publication en ligne : 02/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-019-01274-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93792
in Journal of geodesy > vol 93 n° 9 (September 2019) . - pp 1645 - 1658[article]
Titre : Mass variation observing system by high low inter-satellite links (MOBILE) : a new concept for sustained observation of mass transport from space Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Roland Pail, Auteur ; Jonathan Bamber, Auteur ; Richard Biancale, Auteur ; Rory Bingham, Auteur ; Carla Braitenberg, Auteur ; Annette Eicker, Auteur ; Frank Flechtner, Auteur ; Thomas Gruber, Auteur ; Andreas Güntner, Auteur ; Gerhard Heinzel, Auteur ; Martin Horwath, Auteur ; Laurent Longuevergne, Auteur ; J. Muller, Auteur ; Isabelle Panet Année de publication : 2019 Projets : 1-Pas de projet / Article en page(s) : pp 48 - 58 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] harmonique sphérique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] masseRésumé : (auteur) As changes in gravity are directly related to mass variability, satellite missions observing the Earth’s time varying gravity field are a unique tool for observing mass transport processes in the Earth system, such as the water cycle, rapid changes in the cryosphere, oceans, and solid Earth processes, on a global scale. The observation of Earth’s gravity field was successfully performed by the GRACE and GOCE satellite missions, and will be continued by the GRACE Follow-On mission. A comprehensive team of European scientists proposed the next-generation gravity field mission MOBILE in response to the European Space Agency (ESA) call for a Core Mission in the frame of Earth Explorer 10 (EE10). MOBILE is based on the innovative observational concept of a high-low tracking formation with micrometer ranging accuracy, complemented by new instrument concepts. Since a high-low tracking mission primarily observes the radial component of gravity-induced orbit perturbations, the error structure is close to isotropic. This geometry significantly reduces artefacts of previous along-track ranging low-low formations (GRACE, GRACE-Follow-On) such as the typical striping patterns. The minimum configuration consists of at least two medium-Earth orbiters (MEOs) at 10000 km altitude or higher, and one low-Earth orbiter (LEO) at 350-400 km. The main instrument is a laser-based distance or distance change measurement system, which is placed at the LEO. The MEOs are equipped either with passive reflectors or transponders. In a numerical closed-loop simulation, it was demonstrated that this minimum configuration is in agreement with the threshold science requirements of 5 mm equivalent water height (EWH) accuracy at 400 km wavelength, and 10 cm EWH at 200 km. MOBILE provides promising potential future perspectives by linking the concept to existing space infrastructure such as Galileo next-generation, as future element of the Copernicus/Sentinel programme, and holds the potential of miniaturization even up to swarm configurations. As such MOBILE can be considered as a precursor and role model for a sustained mass transport observing system from space. Numéro de notice : A2019-635 Affiliation des auteurs : Géodésie+Ext (mi2018-2019) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1515/jogs-2019-0006 date de publication en ligne : 21/10/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1515/jogs-2019-0006 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95454
in Journal of geodetic science > vol 9 n° 1 (January 2019) . - pp 48 - 58[article]
Titre : High performance clocks and gravity field determination Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jurgen Müller, Auteur ; D. Dirkx, Auteur ; S. M. Kopeikin, Auteur ; Guillaume Lion Année de publication : 2018 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / , AdOC / Note générale : bibliographie
Jürgen Müller gratefully acknowledges support by the DFG Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB 1128: geo-Q) Relativistic Geodesy and Gravimetry with Quantum Sensors.Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] chronométrie
[Termes descripteurs IGN] échelle de temps
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] horloge atomique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] International Terrestrial Reference Frame
[Termes descripteurs IGN] potentiel de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] relativité généraleRésumé : (auteur) Time measured by an ideal clock crucially depends on the gravitational potential and velocity of the clock according to general relativity. Technological advances in manufacturing high-precision atomic clocks have rapidly improved their accuracy and stability over the last decade that approached the level of 10−18. This notable achievement along with the direct sensitivity of clocks to the strength of the gravitational field make them practically important for various geodetic applications that are addressed in the present paper. Based on a fully relativistic description of the background gravitational physics, we discuss the impact of those highly-precise clocks on the realization of reference frames and time scales used in geodesy. We discuss the current definitions of basic geodetic concepts and come to the conclusion that the advances in clocks and other metrological technologies will soon require the re-definition of time scales or, at least, clarification to ensure their continuity and consistent use in practice. The relative frequency shift between two clocks is directly related to the difference in the values of the gravity potential at the points of clock’s localization. According to general relativity the relative accuracy of clocks in 10−18 is equivalent to measuring the gravitational red shift effect between two clocks with the height difference amounting to 1 cm. This makes the clocks an indispensable tool in high-precision geodesy in addition to laser ranging and space geodetic techniques. We show how clock measurements can provide geopotential numbers for the realization of gravity-field-related height systems and can resolve discrepancies in classically-determined height systems as well as between national height systems. Another application of clocks is the direct use of observed potential differences for the improved recovery of regional gravity field solutions. Finally, clock measurements for space-borne gravimetry are analyzed along with closely-related deficiencies of this method like an extra-ordinary knowledge of the spacecraft velocity, etc. For all these applications besides the near-future prospects, we also discuss the challenges that are related to using those novel clock data in geodesy. Numéro de notice : A2018-197 Affiliation des auteurs : LaSTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s11214-017-0431-z date de publication en ligne : 30/11/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-017-0431-z Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89864
in Space Science Reviews > vol 214 n° 1 (February 2018)[article]
Titre : Inverting Glacial Isostatic Adjustment signal using Bayesian framework and two linearly relaxing rheologies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lambert Caron, Auteur ; Laurent Métivier Année de publication : 2017 Projets : TOSCA / Article en page(s) : pp 1126 - 1147 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] ajustement glacio-isostatique
[Termes descripteurs IGN] anomalie de pesanteur
[Termes descripteurs IGN] calotte glaciaire
[Termes descripteurs IGN] élasticité
[Termes descripteurs IGN] gravimétrie spatiale
[Termes descripteurs IGN] manteau terrestre
[Termes descripteurs IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo par chaînes de Markov
[Termes descripteurs IGN] rhéologieRésumé : (Auteur) Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) models commonly assume a mantle with a viscoelastic Maxwell rheology and a fixed ice history model. Here, we use a Bayesian Monte Carlo approach with a Markov chain formalism to invert the global GIA signal simultaneously for the mechanical properties of the mantle and the volumes of the ice sheets, using as starting ice models two previously published ice histories. Two stress relaxing rheologies are considered: Burgers and Maxwell linear viscoelasticities. A total of 5720 global palaeo sea level records are used, covering the last 35 kyr. Our goal is not only to seek the model best fitting this data set, but also to determine and display the range of possible solutions with their respective probability of explaining the data. In all cases, our a posteriori probability maps exhibit the classic character of solutions for GIA-determined mantle viscosity with two distinct peaks. What is new in our treatment is the presence of the bi-viscous Burgers rheology and the fact that we invert rheology jointly with ice history, in combination with the greatly expanded palaeo sea level records. The solutions tend to be characterized by an upper-mantle viscosity of around 5 × 1020 Pa s with one preferred lower-mantle viscosities at 3 × 1021 Pa s and the other more than 2 × 1022 Pa s, a rather classical pairing. Best-fitting models depend upon the starting ice history and the stress relaxing law. A first peak (P1) has the highest probability only in the case with a Maxwell rheology and ice history based on ICE-5G, while the second peak (P2) is favoured for ANU-based ice history or Burgers stress relaxation. The latter solution also may satisfy lower-mantle viscosity inferences from long-term geodynamics and gravity gradient anomalies over Laurentia. P2 is also consistent with large Laurentian and Fennoscandian ice-sheet volumes at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and smaller LGM Antarctic ice volume than in either ICE-5G or ANU. Exploration of a bi-viscous linear relaxing rheology in GIA now seems logical due to a new set of requirements to satisfy observations of transient post-seismic flow seen so ubiquitously in space gravimetry and other global geodetic data. Numéro de notice : A2017-402 Affiliation des auteurs : LaSTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/gji/ggx083 date de publication en ligne : 27/02/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx083 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=86108
in Geophysical journal international > vol 209 n° 2 (May 2017) . - pp 1126 - 1147[article]PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalink
