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A polyhedra-based model for moving regions in databases / Florian Heinz in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 1 (January 2020)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 34 n° 1 (January 2020) . - pp 41 - 73 Titre : A polyhedra-based model for moving regions in databases Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Florian Heinz, Auteur ; Ralf Hartmut Güting, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 73 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes IGN] base de données orientée objet [Termes IGN] CGAL [Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique) [Termes IGN] isomorphisme [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] modélisation spatio-temporelle [Termes IGN] objet mobile [Termes IGN] polyèdre Résumé : (auteur) Moving objects databases store and process objects with a focus on their spatiotemporal behaviour. To achieve this, the model of the data must be suitable to efficiently store and process moving objects. Currently, a unit-based model is widely used, where each moving object is divided into one or more time intervals, during which the object behaves uniformly. This model is also used for a data type called moving regions, which resembles moving and shape changing regions as, for example, forest fires or cloud fields. However, this model struggles to support operations like union, difference or intersection of two moving regions; the resulting objects are unnecessarily bloated and uncomfortable to handle because the resulting number of units is generally very high. In this paper, an alternative model for moving regions is proposed, which is based on polyhedra. Furthermore, this work develops an isomorphism between moving regions and polyhedra including all relevant operations, which has the additional advantage that several implementations for those are already readily available; this is demonstrated by a reference implementation using the existing and well-tested Computational Geometry Algorithms Library (CGAL). Numéro de notice : A2020-007 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2019.1616090 Date de publication en ligne : 17/05/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2019.1616090 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94387 [article]

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Gérer les informations temporelles dans et par les modèles informatiques / Frédéric Bertrand in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 25 n° 3 (septembre - novembre 2015)  

Public [article]  inRevue internationale de géomatique > vol 25 n° 3 (septembre - novembre 2015) . - pp 415 - 436 Titre : Gérer les informations temporelles dans et par les modèles informatiques Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frédéric Bertrand, Auteur ; Cyril Faucher, Auteur ; Jean-Yves Lafaye, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 415 - 436 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] base de connaissances [Termes IGN] base de données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] entrepôt de données [Termes IGN] état de l'art [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données spatio-temporelles Résumé : (auteur) Les informations temporelles jouent un rôle important dans une grande majorité de problèmes scientifiques. En géographie, l’interaction avec les aspects spatiaux et la référence à des calendriers sur de longues périodes est fréquente. Les approches théoriques ou expérimentales croisent nécessairement différents points de vue de plusieurs communautés scientifiques. Pour préciser et unifier les langages et les pratiques, l’utilisation systématique de modèles plus ou moins formels est une garantie d’efficacité (cohérence, correction, réutilisation, etc.). L’accès à des masses toujours plus importantes d’informations complexes et hétérogènes, la volonté de capitalisation des résultats nécessitent le peuplement et l’interrogation d’entrepôts de données et de bases de connaissance. L’informatique produit des modèles qui permettent de formuler et de résoudre un grand nombre de questions en la matière. Le présent article donne un état de l’art sur le sujet ainsi que des exemples de modèles, assortis de références à des travaux applicatifs. Numéro de notice : A2015-420 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3166/RIG.25.415-436 Date de publication en ligne : 16/06/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3166/RIG.25.415-436 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76927 [article]

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Model-driven tools to support conceptual geospatial modelling / J. Althoff (2011) 

Public Titre : Model-driven tools to support conceptual geospatial modelling Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : J. Althoff, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Année de publication : 2011 Collection : Dissertationen ETH num. 19918 Importance : 193 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] architecture orientée modèle [Termes IGN] GML [Termes IGN] INTERLIS [Termes IGN] langage de modélisation [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] métamodèle [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] UML Résumé : (Auteur) The raising importance and fast development of national and international Spatial Data Infrastructures originate a need for harmonised geo data of different sources. Spatial datasets should not only be found, presented and processed via geo portals, but different information should also be capable of being integrated. Beyond pure technical and geometric issues like file formats, spatial resolutions or reference systems, this also includes informational aspects as data structures and semantic aspects. A precondition for a tight integration of spatial data from different sources is precise definition of the used or targeted datasets. Such definition processes currently take place in the 'INSPIRE data specifiations' or the Swiss efforts to create 'minimum data models' according to the Swiss federal act on geoinformation. In those initiatives groups of experts discuss about common information elements, how those elements are characterised in detail and relate to each other. The resulting data description is formalised in so called 'conceptual data models', which should be as independent of data formats, database systems or general computational aspects as possible. Data models in the field of spatial information are characterised by specific aspects that are not common in other domains. Those are especially location with reference systems, different kinds of 2d or 3d geometries or measurements with units and value ranges. With common 'general purpose' modelling approaches like UML it is difficult to represent those aspects in a sufficient and user friendly way. Consequently, in recent years several specialised approaches were developed to support the creation of spatial models. There are extensions to UML, like GeoUML or the ISO/TC-211 standards, as well as independent languages like INTERLIS or MADS. Drawbacks of all specialisations are mainly a lack of suitable tools for modelling, limitations in scope or adaptability and poor interoperability between different approaches. Such issues are addressed by new trends in the field of model driven software developments. After monolithic and inflexible approaches, new 'language-centric' methods evolve to support the adaptability of modelling languages, the creation of suitable tools and transformations between different types of models. A core technology for this is 'meta modelling' and describes the formal definition of modelling languages with standardised elements. Meta models of modelling languages, which is used to efficiently generate software tools like graphical or textual editors, model validators or model transformations. This approach is highly efficient and not only used for existing languages, but also induced the creation of highly specialised 'small' (or 'domain-specific') languages, which are tightly adjusted to a field of work, a specific task or a user group. This thesis explores to what extend those ideas of model driven software development can be applied to conceptual spatial data modelling. This could help to simplify modelling for domains expert by providing them suitable languages and graphical editors, enhance model quality with model validators and offer new ways of interoperability between different modelling languages. Firstly it will be tested, if a common meta modelling approaches of software development can be used to sufficiently describe languages for conceptual spatial modelling. This is carried out for existing conceptual geospatial languages with Ecore, the most commonly used meta modelling approach. As result, the different languages can be represented on a common definition base. Additionally to already existing modelling languages, the idea of 'domain specific languages' is taken up to develop an exemplary modelling language 'HML' for the HUMBOLDT project1. According tools like a graphical model editor and a validating parser are created in a highly automated way for this language. Based on the developed meta models, transformations between different conceptual spatial modelling approaches are investigated in a second step. A language-to-language mapping between the domain specific approach of HML and ISO/TC-211 compliant UML is declared and executed. Such transformations between specialised languages and general purpose languages are of particular interest, because they offer ways of optimising modelling processes while staying interoperable to existing models and tools. Finally vertical transformations, the possibility to create logical or physical models from the conceptual models, are addressed. Similar to the horizontal language-to-language transformations, standard tools from software development are used to derive GML Schema and textual model documentation. All in all, this work proves along practical implementations how language based technologies of modern model driven software development can support conceptual spatial modelling. Especially the combination of 'domain-specific' modelling languages with according software tools and horizontal language-to-language tools offers possibilities to simplify modelling processes, increases model quality and opens a new field of interoperability between different conceptual modelling languages. Note de contenu : 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and Current Situation 1.2 Hypothesis 1.3 Structure of the Thesis 1.4 Summary 2 State of the Art 2.1 Modelling and Models 2.2 Conceptual Modelling Languages 2.3 Model Transformation 2.4 Model-Driven Software Development 2.5 Summary 3 Concepts 3.1 Problem Field 3.2 Working Thesis 3.3 Meta Models 3.4 Horizontal Transformations 3.5 Vertical Transformations 3.6 Summary 4 Implementation 4.1 Used Technology 4.2 Domain Specific Language & Graphical Editor 4.3 Language-to-Language Transformations 4.4 Realisation of Vertical Transformations 4.5 Summary 5 Summary of the Results 6 Discussion 6.1 Definition of Domain Specific Languages 6.2 Tools 6.3 Horizontal Language-to-Language Transformations 6.4 Outlook Numéro de notice : 14643 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62676

Documents numériques

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An application of advanced spatio-temporal formalisms to behavioural ecology / A. Raffaeta in Geoinformatica, vol 12 n° 1 (March - May 2008)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 12 n° 1 (March - May 2008) . - pp 37 - 72 Titre : An application of advanced spatio-temporal formalisms to behavioural ecology Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Raffaeta, Auteur ; T. Caccarelli, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 37 - 72 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG [Termes IGN] ArcView [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] Mammalia [Termes IGN] migration animale [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données spatio-temporelles [Termes IGN] surveillance écologique [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) There is great potential for the development of many new applications using data on mobile objects and mobile regions. To promote these kinds of applications advanced data management techniques for the representation and analysis of mobility-related data are needed. Together with application experts (behavioural ecologists), we investigate how two novel data management approaches may help. We focus on a case study concerning the analysis of fauna behaviour, in particular crested porcupines, which represents a typical example of mobile object monitoring. The first technique we experiment with is a recently developed conceptual spatio-temporal data modelling approach, MADS. This is used to model the schema of the database suited to our case study. Relying on this first outcome a subset of the problem is represented in the logical language MuTACLP. This allows us to formalise and solve the queries which enable the behavioural ecologists to derive crested porcupines behaviour from the raw data on animal movements. Finally, we investigate the support from a commercial Geographic Information System (GIS) for the analysis of spatio-temporal data. We present a way to integrate MuTACLP and a GIS, combining the advantages of GIS technology and the expressive power of MuTACLP. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2008-069 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-006-0016-6 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-006-0016-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29064 [article]

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Database requirements for generalisation and multiple representations / Sébastien Mustière (01/01/2007)

Public Titre : Database requirements for generalisation and multiple representations Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Sébastien Mustière , Auteur ; J.W.N. van Smaalen, Auteur Editeur : Amsterdam [Pays Bas] : Elsevier Année de publication : 01/01/2007 Importance : pp 113 - 136 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique [Termes IGN] classe d'objets [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] modèle entité-association [Termes IGN] modèle orienté objet [Termes IGN] modèle topologique de données [Termes IGN] objet géographique [Termes IGN] représentation multiple [Termes IGN] structure hiérarchique de données Résumé : (Auteur) In this chapter, database requirements for generalisation and multiple representations are pre-sented. In particular the paper focuses on modelling requirements. Some general concepts in the field of databases are reviewed before elaboration on the modelling of geographical databases and discussion of the modelling of multiple representations for geographical databases. The chap-ter stresses the requirements for efficiently modelling data before and during the generalisation process. The reader will first encounter a description of the basic notions of model, schema and objects. Then geographic modelling and multiple representation will be described through the ex-ample of the MADS model. A discussion is presented on the different requirements for modelling multiple representations (1) during the generalisation process, or (2) to store the generalisation result, or (3) to perform the integration of independent databases. Then the meaning and role of topology, composite objects and hierarchies will be emphasised in the requirements for generalisation, with aggregation taken as an important example to illustrate this process. Numéro de notice : H2007-002 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (1940-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65894

Un système intégré pour l'interopérabilité entre SIG et acoustique sous-marine : modélisation conceptuelle sous MADS / Y. Chevriaux in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 15 n° 2 (juin – août 2005)  

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Modelling geographic data with multiple representation / Sandrine Balley in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 18 n° 4 (june 2004)  

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Autour des méthodes orientées objet pour la conception des SIG / Christophe Claramunt in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 7 n° 3 (septembre - novembre 1997)

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MADS, modèle conceptuel spatio-temporel / Cédric Parent in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 7 n° 3 (septembre - novembre 1997)

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Some elements for modelling updates in topographic databases / Laurent Raynal (1996) 

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