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Natural disturbances risks in European boreal and temperate forests and their links to climate change : A review of modelling approaches / Joyce Machado Nunes Romeiro in Forest ecology and management, vol 509 (1 April 2022)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 509 (1 April 2022) . - n° 120071 Titre : Natural disturbances risks in European boreal and temperate forests and their links to climate change : A review of modelling approaches Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Joyce Machado Nunes Romeiro, Auteur ; Tron Eid, Auteur ; Clara Antón-Fernández, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 120071 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels [Termes IGN] foresterie [Termes IGN] forêt boréale [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] gelée [Termes IGN] gestion forestière adaptative [Termes IGN] incendie de forêt [Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] modélisation [Termes IGN] risque naturel [Termes IGN] Scolytinae [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) It is expected that European Boreal and Temperate forests will be greatly affected by climate change, causing natural disturbances to increase in frequency and severity. To detangle how, through forest management, we can make forests less vulnerable to the impact of natural disturbances, we need to include the risks of such disturbances in our decision-making tools. The present review investigates: i) how the most important forestry-related natural disturbances are linked to climate change, and ii) different modelling approaches that assess the risks of natural disturbances and their applicability for large-scale forest management planning. Global warming will decrease frozen soil periods, which increases root rot, snow, ice and wind damage, cascading into an increment of bark beetle damage. Central Europe will experience a decrease in precipitation and increase in temperature, which lowers tree defenses against bark beetles and increases root rot infestations. Ice and wet snow damages are expected to increase in Northern Boreal forests, and to reduce in Temperate and Southern Boreal forests. However, lack of snow cover may increase cases of frost-damaged seedlings. The increased temperatures and drought periods, together with a fuel increment from other disturbances, likely enhance wildfire risk, especially for Temperate forests. For the review of European modelling approaches, thirty-nine disturbance models were assessed and categorized according to their required input variables and to the models’ outputs. Probability models are usually common for all disturbance model approaches, however, models that predict disturbance effects seem to be scarce. Numéro de notice : A2022-190 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120071 Date de publication en ligne : 10/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120071 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99946 [article]

Early detection of forest stress from European spruce bark beetle attack, and a new vegetation index: Normalized distance red & SWIR (NDRS) / Langning Huo in Remote sensing of environment, Vol 255 (March 2021)  

Public [article]  inRemote sensing of environment > Vol 255 (March 2021) . - n° 112240 Titre : Early detection of forest stress from European spruce bark beetle attack, and a new vegetation index: Normalized distance red & SWIR (NDRS) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Langning Huo, Auteur ; Henrik J. Persson, Auteur ; Eva Lindberg, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 112240 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] bande infrarouge [Termes IGN] écho radar [Termes IGN] houppier [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-SAR [Termes IGN] indice de stress [Termes IGN] indice de végétation [Termes IGN] insecte nuisible [Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire [Termes IGN] Picea mariana [Termes IGN] Scolytinae [Termes IGN] signature spectrale [Termes IGN] Suède [Termes IGN] vulnérabilité Résumé : (auteur) The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus [L.]) is one of the most damaging pest insects of European spruce forests. A crucial measure in pest control is the removal of infested trees before the beetles leave the bark, which generally happens before the end of June. However, stressed tree crowns do not show any significant color changes in the visible spectrum at this early-stage of infestation, making early detection difficult. In order to detect the related forest stress at an early stage, we investigated the differences in radar and spectral signals of healthy and stressed trees. How the characteristics of stressed trees changed over time was analyzed for the whole vegetation season, which covered the period before attacks (April), early-stage infestation (‘green-attacks’, May to July), and middle to late-stage infestation (August to October). The results show that spectral differences already existed at the beginning of the vegetation season, before the attacks. The spectral separability between the healthy and infested samples did not change significantly during the ‘green-attack’ stage. The results indicate that the trees were stressed before the attacks and had spectral signatures that differed from healthy ones. These stress-induced spectral changes could be more efficient indicators of early infestations than the ‘green-attack’ symptoms. In this study we used Sentinel-1 and 2 images of a test site in southern Sweden from April to October in 2018 and 2019. The red and SWIR bands from Sentinel-2 showed the highest separability of healthy and stressed samples. The backscatter from Sentinel-1 and additional bands from Sentinel-2 contributed only slightly in the Random Forest classification models. We therefore propose the Normalized Distance Red & SWIR (NDRS) index as a new index based on our observations and the linear relationship between the red and SWIR bands. This index identified stressed forest with accuracies from 0.80 to 0.88 before the attacks, from 0.80 to 0.82 in the early-stage infestation, and from 0.81 to 0.91 in middle- and late-stage infestations. These accuracies are higher than those attained by established vegetation indices aimed at ‘green-attack’ detection, such as the Normalized Difference Water Index, Ratio Drought Index, and Disease Stress Water Index. By using the proposed method, we highlight the potential of using NDRS with Sentinel-2 images to estimate forest vulnerability to European spruce bark beetle attacks early in the vegetation season. Numéro de notice : A2021-190 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2020.112240 Date de publication en ligne : 20/01/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112240 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97111 [article]

Evaluating the impact of declining tsetse fly (Glossina pallidipes) habitat in the Zambezi valley of Zimbabwe / Farai Matawa in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 12 ([01/09/2020])  

Public [article]  inGeocarto international > vol 35 n° 12 [01/09/2020] . - pp 1373 - 1384 Titre : Evaluating the impact of declining tsetse fly (Glossina pallidipes) habitat in the Zambezi valley of Zimbabwe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Farai Matawa, Auteur ; Amon Murwira, Auteur ; Peter M. Atkinson, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 1373 - 1384 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] bovin [Termes IGN] couvert végétal [Termes IGN] diptère [Termes IGN] distance [Termes IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes IGN] forêt tropicale [Termes IGN] habitat d'espèce [Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire [Termes IGN] Zambèze (fleuve) [Termes IGN] Zimbabwe Résumé : (auteur) Tsetse flies transmit trypanosomes that cause Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) in humans and African Animal Trypanosomiasis (AAT) in animals. Understanding historical trends in the spatial distribution of tsetse fly habitat is necessary for planning vector control measures. The objectives of this study were (i) to test for evidence of any trends in suitable tsetse fly habitat and (ii) to test whether there is an association between trypanosomiasis detected from livestock sampled in dip tanks and local tsetse habitat in the project area. Results indicate a significant decreasing trend in the amount of suitable habitat. There is no significant correlation between trypanosomiasis prevalence rates in cattle and distance from patches of suitable tsetse habitat. The observed low trypanosomiasis prevalence and the lack of dependence on suitable tsetse fly habitat can be explained by the observed decreases in suitable tsetse habitat, which themselves are due to expansion of settlement and agriculture in North Western Zimbabwe. Numéro de notice : A2020-486 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2019.1576780 Date de publication en ligne : 21/03/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019.1576780 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95653 [article]

Assessment of malaria hazard, vulnerability, and risks in Dire Dawa City Administration of eastern Ethiopia using GIS and remote sensing / Abdinasir Moha in Applied geomatics, vol 12 n° 1 (April 2020)  

Public [article]  inApplied geomatics > vol 12 n° 1 (April 2020) . - pp 15 - 22 Titre : Assessment of malaria hazard, vulnerability, and risks in Dire Dawa City Administration of eastern Ethiopia using GIS and remote sensing Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Abdinasir Moha, Auteur ; Molla Maru, Auteur ; Tebarek Lika, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 15 - 22 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] ArcGIS [Termes IGN] cartographie des risques [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Ethiopie [Termes IGN] image infrarouge [Termes IGN] image Landsat-OLI [Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire [Termes IGN] risque sanitaire [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (auteur) Malaria is a serious vector-borne disease affecting a greater proportion of the world’s population. Sub-Saharan Africa carries a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. Ethiopia is generally considered a low-to-moderate malaria transmission intensity country. However, the health sector in Ethiopia is greatly affected by climate change, which has profound consequences on the transmission cycles of vector-borne infectious diseases like malaria. The main objective of the study was to assess the spatial distribution of malaria hazard, vulnerability, and risk areas in Dire Dawa City Administration. GIS and remote-sensing in general and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) in particular was used for assessing and mapping malaria hazard, risk, and vulnerable areas in Dire Dawa City Administration based on the data collected from various sources. The malaria hazard map of the study area labeled 0.6% of the region as low-hazard level, 79.7% moderate, 19.7% high, and 0.1% very low. Results of malaria vulnerability analysis reveal that about 23%, 73%, and 4% of the region was found to be vulnerable to malaria risk at very high, high, and low levels, respectively. The malaria risk map classifies 80% of the region as a moderate malaria-risk area and 20% as high malaria-risk area. This assessment advocates that the GIS and remote-sensing technology as tools can be used to provide timely information on malaria hazard, vulnerability, and risk areas for planning and taking measures at various levels ranging from early warning, monitoring, and control to prevention against malaria epidemics in a resource-efficient and cost-effective way. Numéro de notice : A2020-557 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s12518-019-00276-5 Date de publication en ligne : 17/07/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-019-00276-5 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95862 [article]

Adapting an existing semi-automatized image processing chain to enable Sentinel-2 data classification. / Hiyam Elbadri (2018) 

Public Titre : Adapting an existing semi-automatized image processing chain to enable Sentinel-2 data classification. Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Hiyam Elbadri, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2018 Importance : 56 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Rapport de projet pluridisciplinaire, cycle Ingénieur 2e année Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] analyse d'image orientée objet [Termes IGN] carte thématique [Termes IGN] chaîne de traitement [Termes IGN] classification barycentrique [Termes IGN] classification non dirigée [Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels [Termes IGN] classification par séparateurs à vaste marge [Termes IGN] épidémie [Termes IGN] GRASS [Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI [Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire [Termes IGN] Ouganda [Termes IGN] Python (langage de programmation) [Termes IGN] R (langage) [Termes IGN] restauration d'image [Termes IGN] risque sanitaire [Termes IGN] segmentation d'image [Termes IGN] zone à risque Index. décimale : PROJET Mémoires : Rapports de projet - stage des ingénieurs de 2e année Résumé : (auteur) Dans un contexte d’une crise épidémiologique dans les villes d’Afrique sub-saharienne, suivie d’une urbanisation croissante, il paraît essentiel de souligner les facteurs clés au développement de plusieurs maladies. C’est dans ce contexte que le projet REACT existe. Ce dernier a pour but de développer des outils afin de faciliter l’étude des maladies contagieuses telle que la malaria avec des techniques de télédétection. Dans le cadre de ce projet, mon rôle était de créer une chaîne automatisée pour des données de Sentinel 2. En premier lieu, il faut les télécharger puis les pré-traiter pour enfin terminer avec une chaîne déjà existante que je devais adapter et qui permet la classification des données Sentinel 2. Les deux chaînes ont été implémentées via un programme Python et se fondent sur l’utilisation de logiciels libres tels que Grass GIS et R. Dans le cadre du projet, l’étude est appliquée à la ville de Kampala dans l’Ouganda, ville présentant les caractéristiques citées précédemment. Cartographier une zone hétérogène telle que Kampala en utilisant des techniques liées à l’"Object Based Image Analysis" est une méthode efficace pour améliorer notre compréhension de la maladie de la malaria et ce, dans un but d’avoir une meilleure prévisibilité. On obtiendra d’abord une segmentation optimale en utilisant une approche non supervisée. Ensuite, en utilisant une classification liée à cette maladie, nous allons classifier notre image en utilisant 3 classifieurs : SVM Radial, Random Forest et K-nearest Neighbor. S’en suivra une analyse de la précision obtenue pour ces 3 classifieurs. Les résultats seront interprétés de telle sorte qu’on pourra en déduire où se situent les zones à risque de la maladie dans la zone d’étude englobant la ville de Kampala et ses environs. Note de contenu : Introduction 1- Internship Description 2- Data, Methods and Tools 3- Case Study 4- Results Conclusion Numéro de notice : 21826 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Mémoire de projet pluridisciplinaire Organisme de stage : IGEAT (Université Libre de Bruxelles) Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91333

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