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Practical satellite navigation: part 1 configuration and technology behind GPS / Huibert-Jan Lekkerkerk in Geoinformatics, vol 9 n° 1 (01/01/2006)
[article]
Titre : Practical satellite navigation: part 1 configuration and technology behind GPS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Huibert-Jan Lekkerkerk, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 42 - 45 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] antenne GPS
[Termes IGN] Global Positioning System
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GLONASS
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] signal GPS
[Termes IGN] utilisateurRésumé : (Auteur) Nowadays almost everyone, both inside and outside the GIS and survey sector, is familiar with satellite navigation, and GPS in particular. Even so thorough knowledge of satellite navigation seems to be private to specialists like geodesists and manufacturers. The group of daily users of GPS systems and data however is becomming larger by the day. This article is the first in a series scrutinizing the daily use of GPS and will expand on the GNSS article as published in GeoInformatics 5 -2005 Numéro de notice : A2006-049 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27776
in Geoinformatics > vol 9 n° 1 (01/01/2006) . - pp 42 - 45[article]Voir aussiRéservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 262-06011 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Disponible Precise relative positioning of formation flying spacecraft using GPS / R. Kroes (2006)
Titre : Precise relative positioning of formation flying spacecraft using GPS Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : R. Kroes, Auteur Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Publications on Geodesy, ISSN 0165-1706 num. 61 Importance : 163 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-296-2 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement
[Termes IGN] ambiguïté entière
[Termes IGN] compensation Lambda
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] filtre de Kalman
[Termes IGN] GPS-INS
[Termes IGN] GRACE
[Termes IGN] image TerraSAR-X
[Termes IGN] mesurage de pseudo-distance
[Termes IGN] méthode des moindres carrés
[Termes IGN] navigation spatiale
[Termes IGN] orbitographie par GNSS
[Termes IGN] positionnement différentiel
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] précision millimétrique
[Termes IGN] qualité des données
[Termes IGN] résolution d'ambiguïté
[Termes IGN] signal GPSIndex. décimale : 30.70 Navigation et positionnement Résumé : (Auteur) Spacecraft formation flying is currently considered as a key technology for advanced space missions. Compared to large individual spacecraft, the distribution of Sensor systems amongst multiple platforms offers improved flexibility and redundancy, shorter times to mission and the prospect of being more cost effective. Besides these advantages, satellite formations in low Earth orbit provide advanced science opportunities that cannot, or not easily, be realized with single spacecraft. One of the fundamental issues of spacecraft formation flying is the determination of the relative state (position and velocity) between the satellite vehicles within the formation. Knowledge of these relative states in (near) real-time is important for operational aspects. In addition, some of the scientific applications, such as high resolution interferometry, require an accurate post-facto knowledge of these States. The goal of this dissertation is therefore to develop, implement and test a method for high precise post-facto relative positioning of formation flying spacecraft, using GPS observation data. The need for such a methodology comes from scientific satellite formation flying missions that are currently being planned. A good example here is the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry formation consisting of the TerraSAR-X and TanDEM-X satellites. The primary mission objective here requires the relative position to be known within a 2 mm precision (1-dimensional).
GPS receivers are often considered as the primary instruments for precise relative navigation in future satellite formation flying missions. As is commonly known, precise relative positioning between GPS receivers in geodetic networks is exercised on a routine basis. Furthermore, GPS receivers are already frequently used onboard satellites to perform all kinds of navigational tasks, are suitable for real-time applications and provide measurements with a 3-dimensional nature.
Previous studies carried out in this research area focussed on the real-time or operational aspects, and all used GPS data obtained from software or hardware-in-the-loop simulations. This dissertation clearly distinguishes itself due to the fact that the developed methodology has been tested using real-world GPS data from the GRACE mission, which in addition also provides a precise way to validate the obtained results by means of the GRACE K/Ka-Band Ranging System (KBR) observations.
One of the key aspects of any GPS positioning application is the quality of the observation data used. To this extent an in-flight performance analysis of the used GRACE (and CHAMP) GPS data bas been carried out. The results show that the GRACE GPS pseudorange observations, on the individual frequencies, are subject to systematic errors in the order of 10-15 cm. Furthermore, an assessment of the noise of both the GPS pseudorange and carrier phase data demonstrates that the noise of the GRACE B observation data is significantly lower.
When using GPS for precise relative spacecraft positioning, the trajectory or orbit of one of the spacecraft, serving as the reference, has to be known to the best possible extent. In order to facilitate this, a total of three precise orbit determination strategies, using undifferenced ionosphere free GPS pseudorange and carrier phase observations, have been implemented and tested. They comprise a kinematic and reduced dynamic batch LSQ estimation method, as well as an extended Kalman filter/smoother (EKF), that also form the conceptual basis for the relative spacecraft positioning strategies. Each of the precise orbit determination concepts has been tested using GPS data from the CHAMP and GRACE missions. The reduced dynamic batch LSQ orbits were validated with Satellite Laser Ranging data, where the residuals showed an RMS of 3-4 cm.
Out of a total of four possible processing strategies that have been identified for relative spacecraft positioning, only an extended Kalman filter/smoother has proven to work satisfactorily when tested on the real-world GRACE GPS data. The EKF processes single difference GPS pseudorange and carrier phase observations and uses (pseudo) relative spacecraft dynamics to propagate the relative satellite state over the observation epochs. Despite its single difference parametrization the EKF can still resolve and incorporate the integer double difference carrier phase ambiguities, which is commonly regarded as, and has proven to be in this dissertation, the key to precise GPS based relative positioning. Estimation of the integer ambiguities is accomplished by the well known Least Squares Ambiguity Decorrelation Adjustment (LAMBDA) method. Due to the presence of systematic errors in the GRACE GPS data, a relatively conservative validation of the estimated integer ambiguity parameters was found to be required prior to their incorporation in the filter. When validating the daily ambiguity fixed GRACE relative position solutions from the EKF with the KBR observations, it has been shown that an actual overall relative position precision of 0.9 mm (1-dimensional) over a 101 day data arc is achieved. This dissertation is the first that proves that such precision can be truly obtained for real-world relative spacecraft positioning applications.Note de contenu : Acknowledgements
Important Acronyms
Summary
Samenvatting (Summary in Dutch)
1 Introduction
1,1 Spacecraft formation flying using GPS
1.2 Research objective and motivation
1.3 The CHAMP and GRACE satellite missions
1.4 Outline
2 GPS observations
2.1 Observation types
2.3 Linear data combinations
2.4 Linearization for positioning
2.5 Relative positioning models
2.6 GPS data quality
3 Precise orbit determination
3.1 GPS orbit and clock products
3.2 Reference frame transformations.
3.3 Kinematic orbit determination.
3.4 Reduced dynamic orbit determination
3.5 GHOST toolkit
3.6 POD results
4 Relative spacecraft positioning
4.1 Integer ambiguity resolution
4.2 Proposed processing strategies
4.3 Details of the extended Kalman filter
4.4 Extended Kalman filter results.
4.5 Some words on
5 Conclusions and outlook
A Integer Ambiguity Estimation
B Lower boundary for the bootstrapping success rate
BibliographyNuméro de notice : 15179 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55089 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15179-01 30.70 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 15179-02 30.70 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible To locate a phone or PDA: GNSS/UMTS prototype for mass-market applications / G. Heinrichs in GPS world, vol 17 n° 1 (January 2006)
[article]
Titre : To locate a phone or PDA: GNSS/UMTS prototype for mass-market applications Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : G. Heinrichs, Auteur ; J. Winkel, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 20 - 27 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement
[Termes IGN] Galileo
[Termes IGN] géonavigateur
[Termes IGN] navigation
[Termes IGN] PDA
[Termes IGN] positionnement en intérieur
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS
[Termes IGN] signal Galileo
[Termes IGN] signal GPS
[Termes IGN] télécommunication sans fil
[Termes IGN] téléphonie mobileRésumé : (Auteur) An important market step for Galileo will be timely availability of hybrid Galileo/GPS receivers in combination with wireless communications network positioning capabilities for consumer applications. The GAWAIN project has investigated these advanced receiver concepts, and this article presents initial ideas regarding an integrated GNSS/UMTS receiver architecture to meet the important requirements of seamless indoor/outdoor navigation. Copyright Questex Media Group Inc Numéro de notice : A2006-009 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27736
in GPS world > vol 17 n° 1 (January 2006) . - pp 20 - 27[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 067-06011 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Understanding GPS / Elliott D. Kaplan (2006)
Titre : Understanding GPS : principles and applications, second edition Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Elliott D. Kaplan, Éditeur scientifique ; Christopher Hegarty, Éditeur scientifique Mention d'édition : 2 Editeur : Londres, Washington : Artech House Année de publication : 2006 Importance : 703 p. Format : 18 x 26 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-1-58053-894-7 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] Galileo
[Termes IGN] Global Navigation Satellite System
[Termes IGN] Global Orbitography Navigation Satellite System
[Termes IGN] Global Positioning System
[Termes IGN] signal GPSIndex. décimale : 30.61 Systèmes de Positionnement par Satellites du GNSS Résumé : (Auteur) This thoroughly updated second edition of an Artech House bestseller brings together a team of leading experts who provide a current and comprehensive treatment of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The book covers all the latest advances in technology, applications, and systems. The second edition includes new chapters that explore the integration of GPS with vehicles and cellular telephones, new classes of satellite broadcast signals, the emerging GALILEO system, and new developments in the GPS marketplace. This single-source reference provides a quick overview of GPS essentials, an in-depth examination of advanced technical topics, and a review of emerging trends in the GPS industry. Engineers can use this book to build GPS receivers and integrate them into navigational and communications equipment. Executives can turn to this book to determine how technology is affecting markets and how best to invest their companies’ resources. The book also serves as a handy resource for electrical engineering students looking to advance their studies and careers in GPS. Note de contenu : HAPTER 1
Chapitre 1 : Introduction
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Condensed GPS Program History
1.3 GPS Overview
1.4 GPS Modernization Program
1.5 GALILEO Satellite System
1.6 Russian GLONASS System
1.7 Chinese BeiDou System
1.8 Augmentations
1.9 Markets and Applications
1.10 Organization of the Book References
CHAPTER 2
Chapitre 2 : Fundamentals of Satellite Navigation
2.1 Concept of Ranging Using TOA Measurements
2.2 Reference Coordinate Systems
2.3 Fundamentals of Satellite Orbits
2.4 Position Determination Using PRN Codes
2.5 Obtaining User Velocity
2.6 Time and GPS
References
CHAPTER 3
Chapitre 3 : GPS System Segments
3.1 Overview of the GPS System
3.2 Space Segment Description
3.3 Control Segment
3.4 User Segment
References
CHAPTER 4
Chapitre 4 : GPS Satellite Signal Characteristics
4.1 Overview
4.2 Modulations for Satellite Navigation
4.3 Legacy GPS Signals
4.4 Navigation Message Format
4.5 Modernized GPS Signals
4.6 Summary
References
CHAPTER 5
Chapitre 5 : Satellite Signal Acquisition, Tracking, and Data Demodulation
5.1 Overview
5.2 GPS Receiver Code and Carrier Tracking
5.3 Carrier Tracking Loops
5.4 Code Tracking Loops
5.5 Loop Filters
5.6 Measurement Errors and Tracking Thresholds
5.7 Formation of Pseudorange, Delta Pseudorange, and Integrated Doppler
5.8 Signal Acquisition
5.9 Sequence of Initial Receiver Operations
5.10 Data Demodulation
5.11 Special Baseband Functions
5.12 Use of Digital Processing
5.13 Considerations for Indoor Applications
5.14 Codeless and Semicodeless Processing
References
CHAPTER 6
Chapitre 6 : Interference, Multipath, and Scintillation
6.1 Overview
6.2 Radio Frequency Interference
6.3 Multipath
6.4 Ionospheric Scintillation
References
CHAPTER 7
Chapitre 7 : Performance of Stand-Alone GPS
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Measurement Errors
7.3 PVT Estimation Concepts
7.4 GPS Availability
7.5 GPS Integrity
7.6 Continuity
7.7 Measured Performance
References
CHAPTER 8
Chapitre 8 : Differential GPS
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Spatial and Time Correlation Characteristics of GPS Errors
8.3 Code-Based Techniques
8.4 Carrier-Based Techniques
8.5 Message Formats
8.6 Examples
References
CHAPTER 9
Chapitre 9 : Integration of GPS with Other Sensors and Network Assistance
9.1 Overview
9.2 GPS/Inertial Integration
9.3 Sensor Integration in Land Vehicle Systems
9.4 Network Assistance
References
CHAPTER 10
Chapitre 10 : GALILEO
10.1 GALILEO Program Objectives
10.2 GALILEO Services and Performance
10.3 GALILEO Frequency Plan and Signal Design
10.4 Interoperability Between GPS and GALILEO
10.5 System Architecture
10.6 GALILEO SAR Architecture
10.7 GALILEO Development Plan
References
CHAPTER 11
Chapitre 11 : Other Satellite Navigation Systems
11.1 The Russian GLONASS System
11.2 The Chinese BeiDou Satellite Navigation System
11.3 The Japanese QZSS Program
References
CHAPTER 12
Chapitre 12 : GNSS Markets and Applications
12.1 GNSS: A Complex Market Based on Enabling Technologies
12.2 Civil Navigation Applications of GNSS
12.3 GNSS in Surveying, Mapping, and Geographical Information Systems
12.4 Recreational Markets for GNSS-Based Products
12.5 GNSS Time Transfer
12.6 Differential Applications and Services
12.7 GNSS and Telematics and LBS
12.8 Creative Uses for GNSS
12.9 Government and Military Applications
12.10 User Equipment Needs for Specific Markets
12.11 Financial Projections for the GNSS Industry
References
APPENDIX A
Appendix A : Least Squares and Weighted Least Squares Estimates
Reference
APPENDIX B
Appendix B : Stability Measures for Frequency Sources
B.1 Introduction
B.2 Frequency Standard Stability
B.3 Measures of Stability
B.3.1 Allan Variance
B.3.2 Hadamard Variance
References
APPENDIX C
Appendix C : Free-Space Propagation Loss
C.I Introduction
C.2 Free-Space Propagation Loss
C.3 Conversion Between PSDs and PFDs
ReferencesNuméro de notice : 16717 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55232 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 16717-01 30.61 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 16717-02 DEP-PMT Livre SGM Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt Le réseau déploie ses ailes / Anne Fantuzzi in Géomètre, n° 2020 (novembre 2005)
[article]
Titre : Le réseau déploie ses ailes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anne Fantuzzi, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : pp 49 - 49 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes de référence et réseaux
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] précision centimétrique
[Termes IGN] signal GPS
[Termes IGN] temps réel
[Termes IGN] TeriaRésumé : (Auteur) La première station fixe du réseau GNSS permanent de l'OGE est posée. Copyright Géomètre Numéro de notice : A2005-588 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27723
in Géomètre > n° 2020 (novembre 2005) . - pp 49 - 49[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 063-05101 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Naviguer dans le monde sans fil : un aperçu de l'influence exercée par la technologie sans fil sur les topographes / N. Pugh in XYZ, n° 104 (septembre - novembre 2005)PermalinkPrime time positioning: using broadcast TV signals to fill GPS acquisition gaps / M. Martone in GPS world, vol 16 n° 9 (September 2005)PermalinkLe GPS : comment ça marche ? / Jean-Mathieu Nocquet in Géochronique, n° 94 (juin - août 2005)PermalinkL'intégration complète du GPS et d'un tachéomètre : le Smartstation de Leica / F. Kadded in XYZ, n° 103 (juin - août 2005)PermalinkTechnique de lever par véhicule équipé de récepteurs GPS et d'une station totale / Hervé Gontran in XYZ, n° 103 (juin - août 2005)PermalinkAnalyse des stochastischen Modells von GPS-Trägerphasenbeobachtungen / J. Howind (2005)PermalinkApplied satellite navigation using GPS, Galileo, and augmentation systems / R. Prasad (2005)PermalinkGPS-Anwendungen in der Sportwissenschaft / T. Blumenbach (2005)PermalinkGuide pratique du GPS / Paul Correia (2005)PermalinkPermalink