Descripteur
Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (79)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externes
Etendre la recherche sur niveau(x) vers le bas
New dimension in communicating GIS data: contex 3D printing to increase prototyping accuracy and effectiveness / J. Erlandsen in Geoinformatics, vol 9 n° 1 (01/01/2006)
[article]
Titre : New dimension in communicating GIS data: contex 3D printing to increase prototyping accuracy and effectiveness Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J. Erlandsen, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 36 - 37 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] impression en relief
[Termes IGN] précision des données
[Termes IGN] prototype
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Historically, the creation of a 3D model or prototype has been a tedious and time-consuming process that allowed for a significant amount of human error. For example, creating a large, three-dimensional topographical map with accurately scales elevations, overlaid with a perfectly positioning color texture map, and inclusion of all relevant GIS data would take a day or two to recreate. However, with the advent of Contex's 3D printing technology, prototyping can be less time-consuming. Numéro de notice : A2006-051 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27778
in Geoinformatics > vol 9 n° 1 (01/01/2006) . - pp 36 - 37[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 262-06011 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Disponible
Titre : Semantic interoperability of distributed geo-services Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Robert Lemmens, Auteur Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Publications on Geodesy, ISSN 0165-1706 num. 63 Importance : 291 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-298-6 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] architecture client-serveur
[Termes IGN] base de connaissances
[Termes IGN] diffusion de données
[Termes IGN] hétérogénéité sémantique
[Termes IGN] infrastructure mondiale des données localisées
[Termes IGN] intégration de données
[Termes IGN] interopérabilité sémantique
[Termes IGN] logiciel libre
[Termes IGN] modèle sémantique de données
[Termes IGN] ontologie
[Termes IGN] OWL
[Termes IGN] prototype
[Termes IGN] réseau sémantique
[Termes IGN] service de géoinformation
[Termes IGN] service fondé sur la position
[Termes IGN] service web géographique
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) The last two decades have shown a major shift from stand-alone software systems to networked ones. As with all information system domains, Geographic Information Systems (GISs) have been influenced to a large extent by recent internet developments, resulting in an increasing availability of client/server applications using distributed geo-(web-)services, such as interactive maps, route planners and gazetteers. There is an increasing need for organisations to perform on demand geo-processing tasks by integrating and reusing geo-information and geo-services from within and outside the organisation. These activities are typically performed in the context of so called Geo-Information Infrastructures (GIls).
The process of integrating services is commonly referred to as service chaining. This requires that services can be easily found, and that they are executable and interoperable. Interoperability means that the services 'understand' each other's messages. A major impediment is formed by the semantic heterogeneity (the differences in meaning) of geo-information and of the functionality of geo-services. Making services semantically interoperable is an important prerequisite for information sharing in today's networked society. This involves services that rely on different knowledge domains, one of which is the geo-information domain.
Within this context, the research presented in this thesis provides solutions for the computer-aided integration of distributed heterogeneous geo-information and geo-services, based on their semantics (the meaning of their content).
Geo-information distinguishes from other information by its spatial relevance. Geo-services often have to deal integrally with multiple-representations of features in a spatial, temporal and thematic dimension. Geo-services are also implicitly connected by the geographic location of the features they process. This has implications for the interoperability of geo-services. For example, the validity of a service (e.g., a routeplanner) may be bound to a specific geographic area, which could imply it cannot be used in combination with services involving another validity area. On the contrary, services that seem to be incompatible due to differences in feature representation (e.g., geometry, coordinate reference system), may turn out to be useful in combination, because they contain information on the same locations.
On demand geo-processing requires services and the meta-information that describes the services to be available at the time a task is being executed. Moreover, the service descriptions should be based on commonly agreed rules for service characterisation. Inter-service contracts that contain such rules may result in service interoperability and this can be achieved at three levels: syntax, structure and semantics. The influential specifications of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) and the ISO 19100 series of standards, implement formal contracts on the syntactical and structural level, but they prescribe only informal contracting at the semantic level. Despite their rigid conceptualisation, they lack a machine-accessible formalisation that supports the specification of semantics for geo-information and geo-services. This research has developed such a formalisation, which is specified in a so called semantic interoperability framework. In this framework a key role is played by machine ontologies, which are machine-accessible representations of knowledge that are used for inferring intra- and inter-resource relationships. Recent research efforts in the field of the Semantic Web have contributed considerably to the deployment of ontology-based applications by providing a theoretical foundation (Description Logics), ontology languages (e.g., the Web Ontology Language (OWL)), and tools for ontology creation, access and reasoning with web-based (machine) ontologies. The power of web-based ontologies lies in their interoperable (XML based) representation, the use of unique namespaces and the fact that they allow for automated reasoning.
The semantic interoperability framework developed in this research, contains (1) geo-information modelling ontologies which are based on the ISO General Feature Model, (2) domain specific ontologies (amongst others, one which is based on a data model used by the Dutch Topographic Service), and (3) a geo-operation modelling ontology. The latter is based on a geo-operation taxonomy, an input/output parameter characterisation and a workflow model. The taxonomy and parameter characterisation have been developed as part of this research, the workflow model is based on OWL-S, an OWL-based upper ontology for web services.
Ontology-based service descriptions have been created in the context of four use cases in the following areas: (1) information model integration for risk mapping, (2) ad hoc data integration in a disaster emergency situation, (3) reuse of geo-data and geo-services in scientific research, and (4) ad hoc integration of travel services. The ontology-based descriptions are used as representations of service requests and advertisements in a matchmaking process. The matchmaking is performed by an ontology reasoner which can infer implicit relationships that exist in a knowledge base containing service descriptions as sets of concepts. The reasoner is implemented together with the ontologies in a prototype environment. Except for the reasoner, this has been carried out with open source software. Within this environment, basic matchmaking has been successfully performed to support data set integration and service chaining. This has been demonstrated by tests implementing the aforementioned use cases.
The offered solution is flexible and extensible. With respect to flexibility, the research demonstrates the use of incomplete service descriptions. With respect to extensibility, the research shows how service descriptions can be extended with new concepts. It is also demonstrated how existing application domains can be linked through ontology mappings. In the process of service chaining, four steps have been identified, i.e., discovery, abstract composition, concrete composition and execution. The link between the abstract and concrete composition of services is realised by annotation, which connects ontology elements with parameters of executable code. For one of the use cases, this code has been deployed in a prototype software application (the latter being part of an external research effort).
There are also limitations to the approach followed, which are partly due to the limitations of OWL and reasoning with it, i.e., with respect to spatial reasoning and the use of metaclasses. In addition, the current prototype environment has several shortcomings: (1) constraints of the user-interfaces (entering service descriptions in Description Logics is still rather complex), (2) the inflexibility of the reasoning implementation and (3) the incompleteness of mappings between domain ontologies, all of which are thought to be surmountable.
A number of recommendations are made for the improvement of the current design and implementation of the interoperability framework, such as the incorporation of: meta-information propagation, concept similarity quantifiers and result ranking in the matchmaking process. The deployment of the approach requires key organisations such as OGC to develop and maintain domain independent parts of a semantic interoperability framework and organisations with a GIl mandate to manage its domain dependent parts.
Application fields that are thought to benefit from the presented approach in the short term are, amongst others: service discovery and chaining in GII, harmonisation of geo-information models, multiple-representation of geo-information, profile matching of geo-service users, documentation of geo-processing history (lineage), and quality assessment of meta-information. The target groups of this research are firstly geo-information engineers who are confronted with information integration issues and service interoperability issues, and secondly, information engineers in general confronted with distributed information and with end users that need to access distributed services as one virtual application.Note de contenu : 1 Why interoperability is important
1.1 Research context and motivation
1.2 Research objectives
1.3 Research approach
1.4 Related work
1.5 Thesis outline
2 Interoperable distributed services
2.1 Distributed processing paradigms
2.2 Interoperability and heterogeneity
2.3 Overcoming heterogeneity by contract
2.4 Interoperability models
2.5 Geo-services
2.6 Geo-service use cases
2.7 Summary and reflection
3 Service models for discovery, composition and execution
3.1 Information modelling
3.2 Process modelling
3.3 Service chaining
3.4 Summary and reflection
4 Semantic modelling
4.1 What is an ontology?
4.2 Foundations for machine ontology
4.3 Ontology design and creation
4.4 Ontology representations and notation
4.5 Reasoning with a knowledge base
4.6 Semantic interoperability frameworks
4.7 Semantic web services
4.8 Geo-semantic modelling and spatial relevance
4.9 Summary and reflection
5 Semantic interoperability framework for geo-services
5.1 Semantic framework overview
5.2 Feature symbol ontology
5.3 Feature concept ontologies
5.4 Geo-operation characterisations ? OPERA
5.5 OPERA-R ? Feature processing operations
5.6 Geo-service descriptions
5.7 Summary and reflection
6 Geo-information matching and service chaining
6.1 Example: Riskmap chain
6.2 Semantic modelling of geo-service chains
6.3 Derived operations and ontology mappings
6.4 Matchmaking
6.5 Summary and reflection
7 Use case implementations
7.1 Riskmap NL
7.2 Emergency 112
7.3 Research Net
7.4 Travel Google
7.5 Summary and reflection
8 Implementation of prototypes: OnToGeo and GeoMatchMaker
8.1 Practical design and implementation issues of OnToGeo
8.2 Workbench tools
8.3 GeoMatchMaker, an integrated prototype
8.4 Creating service descriptions
8.5 Summary and reflection
9 Conclusions and recommendations
9.1 Summary and reflection
9.2 Conclusions
9.3 Main contributions
9.4 Deployment
9.5 Recommendations for further workNuméro de notice : 15204 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère En ligne : https://www.ncgeo.nl/downloads/63Lemmens.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55094 Exemplaires(2)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15204-01 37.00 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible 15204-02 37.00 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible Spatio-temporal GIS design for exploring interactions of human activities / H. Yu in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 33 n° 1 (January 2006)
[article]
Titre : Spatio-temporal GIS design for exploring interactions of human activities Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : H. Yu, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 3 - 19 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] ArcGIS
[Termes IGN] co-positionnement
[Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles
[Termes IGN] géographie humaine
[Termes IGN] interaction spatiale
[Termes IGN] maladie infectieuse
[Termes IGN] programmation informatique
[Termes IGN] prototype
[Termes IGN] réalité virtuelle
[Termes IGN] sécurité
[Termes IGN] segmentation dynamique
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] Time-geographyRésumé : (Auteur) An effective representation of human activities in geographic information systems (GIS) presents a challenging research topic. Recent developments of information and communication technologies (ICT), which enable a virtual space and allow people to interact with others remotely, make such efforts even more difficult. This paper first extends the space-time path concept of Hägerstrand's time geography to represent both physical and virtual activities in a space-time context. A spatio-temporal GIS design which can accommodate the extended space-time path concept is proposed to support the exploration of spatio-temporal patterns of human interactions in physical and virtual spaces. Using time as a linear referencing system, a temporal dynamic segmentation method was developed to dynamically locate physical and virtual activities on space-time paths. The GIS design supports the identification of four different spatio-temporal patterns (i.e., co-existence, co-location in space, co-location in time, and no co-location in either space or time) of human interactions through their space-time paths. Using a hypothetical activity dataset, a prototype system is implemented as a three-dimensional GIS (i.e., two-dimensional space + one-dimensional time) in ArcGIS. The prototype system demonstrates the feasibility and potential of applying spatio-temporal GIS concepts to extend Hägerstrand's time-geographic framework for the representation and analysis of human interactions in both physical and virtual spaces. The proposed GIS design can be useful in such applications as understanding traffic congestion, tracking terrorist activities, and modeling the spread of infections diseases. Copyright CAGIS Numéro de notice : A2006-202 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304006777323136 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304006777323136 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27929
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 33 n° 1 (January 2006) . - pp 3 - 19[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 032-06011 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Implementing a new model for simulating processes / F. Reitsma in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 10 (november 2005)
[article]
Titre : Implementing a new model for simulating processes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : F. Reitsma, Auteur ; J. Albrecht, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : pp 1073 - 1090 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] bassin hydrographique
[Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique)
[Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de flux
[Termes IGN] modèle dynamique
[Termes IGN] processus spatio-temorel
[Termes IGN] prototype
[Termes IGN] requête spatiale
[Termes IGN] ruissellement
[Termes IGN] simulationRésumé : (Auteur) The paper describes the development of a new methodological approach for simulating geographic processes through the development of a data model that represents a process. This methodology complements existing approaches to dynamic modelling, which focus on the states of the system at each time step, by storing and representing the processes that are implicit in the model. The data model, called nen, focuses existing modelling approaches on representing and storing process information, which provides advantages for querying and analysing processes. The flux simulation framework was created utilizing the nen data model to represent processes. This simulator includes basic classes for developing a domain specific simulation and a set of query tools for inquiring after the results of a simulation. The methodology is prototyped with a watershed runoff simulation. Numéro de notice : A2005-500 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810500390943 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810500390943 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27636
in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 19 n° 10 (november 2005) . - pp 1073 - 1090[article]Exemplaires(2)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 079-05091 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible 079-05092 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible A prototype temporal GIS for multiple spatio-temporal representations / Y. Le in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 32 n° 4 (October 2005)
[article]
Titre : A prototype temporal GIS for multiple spatio-temporal representations Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Y. Le, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : pp 315 - 329 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles
[Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données spatio-temporelles
[Termes IGN] prototype
[Termes IGN] représentation multiple
[Termes IGN] requête spatiotemporelle
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Development of a temporal geographic information system (GIS) and spatio-temporal data modelling are key to incorporating time into geographic information science. This paper describes how to design and develop temporal GIS that will work with spatio-temporal data represented in various data models, and it introduces a prototype temporal GIS with a case study. In temporal GIS, the integration of multiple spatio-temporal representations is based on common spatial and temporal reference systems. In other words, a map window of temporal GIS visualizes spatio-temporal data valid at the same time within one spatial area. To achieve such visualization, separate data editing and query modules are required for each spatio-temporal data model (STDM). In the temporal query interface, aliter a user specifies a time, the system automatically hires correspondent modules to retrieve spatio-temporal data valid at that time. Besides temporal queries common to all STDMs, each module may provide additional temporal query capabilities specific to that STDM. In the case study, I implement a prototype temporal GIS for three STDMs. The examples of query and visualization, which use three datasets (census data, land use/land cover, and elevation data) demonstrate the prototype temporal GIS can integrate multiple temporal representations. Numéro de notice : A2005-535 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304005775194737 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304005775194737 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27671
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 32 n° 4 (October 2005) . - pp 315 - 329[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 032-05041 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible The role of Web features et and Web Map Services in real-time geospatial data sharing for time-critical applications / C. Zhang in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 32 n° 4 (October 2005)PermalinkTechnological aspects of a full 3D cadastral registration / Jantien E. Stoter in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 6 (july 2005)PermalinkCalcul de zones isochrones / M. Le Bars (2005)PermalinkDécrire la généalogie de données géographiques : une application d'édition de descriptions partageables de processus de production de données géographiques / Bénédicte Bucher (2005)PermalinkConception d'un système multidimensionnel d'information sur la qualité des données géospatiales / Rodolphe Devillers (2004)PermalinkFrom the schema matching to the integration of updating information into user geographic databases / Arnaud Braun (2004)PermalinkEnregistrement par un marégraphe prototype, des variations de niveaux de la mer à Alger durant le séisme du 21 mai 2003 / M. Van Ruymbeke in Bulletin des sciences géographiques, n° 12 (octobre 2003)PermalinkGPS safety net GPS-Loran prototype processor / Lukas Roth in GPS world, vol 14 n° 5 (May 2003)PermalinkStructuring and enriching metadata to enable users' access to geographic information ressources / Bénédicte Bucher in Bulletin du comité français de cartographie, n°s 169 - 170 (septembre 2001 - février 2002)PermalinkLes images numériques maintenant en couleur / Jean-Philippe Souchon in Bulletin d'information de l'Institut géographique national, n° 69 (octobre 1998)Permalink