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Assessment of salt marsh change on Assateague Island National Seashore between 1962 and 2016 / Anthony Campbell in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 86 n° 3 (March 2020)
[article]
Titre : Assessment of salt marsh change on Assateague Island National Seashore between 1962 and 2016 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anthony Campbell, Auteur ; Yeqiao Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 187 - 194 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse d'image orientée objet
[Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] Atlantique (océan)
[Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] cartographie thématique
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] Etats-Unis
[Termes IGN] image à très haute résolution
[Termes IGN] image satellite
[Termes IGN] lidar bathymétrique
[Termes IGN] littoral
[Termes IGN] marais salant
[Termes IGN] montée du niveau de la mer
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Termes IGN] surveillance du littoralRésumé : (auteur) Salt marshes provide extensive ecosystem services, including high biodiversity, denitrification, and wave attenuation. In the mid-Atlantic, sea level rise is predicted to affect salt marsh ecosystems severely. This study mapped the entirety of Assateague Island with Very High Resolution satellite imagery and object-based methods to determine an accurate salt marsh baseline for change analysis. Topobathy-metric light detection and ranging was used to map the salt marsh and model expected tidal effects. The satellite imagery, collected in 2016 and classified at two hierarchical thematic schemes, were compared to determine appropriate thematic richness. Change analysis between this 2016 map and both a manually delineated 1962 salt marsh extent and image classification of the island from 1994 determined rates off change. The study found that from 1962 to 1994, salt marsh expanded by 4.01 ha/year, and from 1994 to 2016 salt marsh was lost at a rate of -3.4 ha/ year. The study found that salt marsh composition, (percent vegetated salt marsh) was significantly influenced by elevation, the length of mosquito ditches, and starting salt marsh composition. The study illustrates the importance of remote sensing monitoring for understanding site-specific changes to salt marsh environments and the barrier island system. Numéro de notice : A2020-148 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.14358/PERS.86.3.187 Date de publication en ligne : 01/03/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.86.3.187 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94777
in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS > vol 86 n° 3 (March 2020) . - pp 187 - 194[article]
Titre : Multi-scale point cloud analysis Titre original : Analyse multi-échelle de nuage de points Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Thibault Lejemble, Auteur ; Loïc Barthe, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Toulouse : Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Année de publication : 2020 Importance : 142 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse en vue du Doctorat de l'Université de Toulouse en Informatique et TélécommunicationsLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] analyse multiéchelle
[Termes IGN] analyse multirésolution
[Termes IGN] anisotropie
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] extraction automatique
[Termes IGN] géométrie différentielle
[Termes IGN] graphe
[Termes IGN] reconnaissance de formes
[Termes IGN] segmentation en plan
[Termes IGN] segmentation en régions
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] visualisation 3DIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) 3D acquisition techniques like photogrammetry and laser scanning are commonly used in numerous fields such as reverse engineering, archeology, robotics and urban planning. The main objective is to get virtual versions of real objects in order to visualize, analyze and process them easily. Acquisition techniques become more and more powerful and affordable which creates important needs to process efficiently the resulting various and massive3D data. Data are usually obtained in the form of unstructured 3D point cloud sampling the scanned surface. Traditional signal processing methods cannot be directly applied due to the lack of spatial parametrization. Points are only represented by their 3D coordinates without any particular order. This thesis focuses on the notion of scale of analysis defined by the size of the neighborhood used to locally characterize the point-sampled surface. The analysis at different scales enables to consider various shapes which increases the analysis pertinence and the robustness to acquired data imperfections. We first present some theoretical and practical results on curvature estimation adapted to a multi-scale and multi-resolution representation of point clouds. They are used to develop multi-scale algorithms for the recognition of planar and anisotropic shapes such as cylinder sand feature curves. Finally, we propose to compute a global 2D parametrization of the underlying surface directly from the 3D unstructured point cloud. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Multi-scale differential analysis of point clouds
2- Plane detection using persistence analysis of graph
3- An isotropic features detection using curvature lines
4- Point cloud parametrization
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 28583 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique et Télécommunications : Toulouse 3 : 2020 Organisme de stage : Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse En ligne : https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03170824/document Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97923 A thematic mapping method to assess and analyze potential urban hazards and risks caused by flooding / Mohammad Khalid Hossain in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 79 (January 2020)
[article]
Titre : A thematic mapping method to assess and analyze potential urban hazards and risks caused by flooding Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mohammad Khalid Hossain, Auteur ; Qingmin Meng, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] Alabama (Etats-Unis)
[Termes IGN] aléa
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] cartographie des risques
[Termes IGN] catastrophe naturelle
[Termes IGN] données socio-économiques
[Termes IGN] ethnographie
[Termes IGN] inondation
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] vulnérabilité
[Termes IGN] zone inondable
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (Auteur) About 30% of the total global economic loss inflicted by natural hazards is caused by flooding. Among them, the most serious situation is urban flooding. Urban impervious surface enhances storm runoff and overwhelms the drainage capacity of the storm sewer system, while the urban socioeconomic characteristics most often exacerbate them even more vulnerable to urban flooding impacts. Currently, there is still a significant knowledge gap of comparable assessment and understanding of minority's and non-minority's vulnerability. Therefore, this study designs a quantitative thematic mapping method–location quotient (LQ), using Birmingham, Alabama, USA as the study area. Urban residents' vulnerability to flooding is then analyzed demographically using LQ with census data. Comparing with the widely used social vulnerability index (SVI), LQ is more robust, which not only provides more detailed measurements of both the minority's and the White's vulnerability, but also shows a direct comparison for all populations with finer information about their potential spatial risk assessment. Although SVI showed the Shades Creek is the most vulnerable area with a SVI value above 0.75, only 228 Hispanic people and 2290 African-American live there that is not a significant aggregation of minorities in Birmingham; however, a total White population 12,872 is identified by LQ with a significant aggregation in the Shades Creek. Overall, LQ suggests that the White populations are highly and significantly concentrated in the flood areas, while SVI never considered the White as vulnerable. LQ further indicates that the concentration of minorities (i.e., 88,895) and vulnerable houses (i.e., 26,235) are much higher compared to the numbers of the minorities and houses indicated by SVI, which are only 11,772 and 8323, respectively. The LQ based thematic mapping, as a promising method for vulnerability assessment of urban hazards and risks, can make a significant contribution to hazard management efforts to reduce urban vulnerability and hence enhance urban resilience to hazards in the future. Numéro de notice : A2020-002 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.101417 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.101417 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93621
in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 79 (January 2020)[article]
Titre : Foundations of deep convolutional models through kernel methods Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Alberto Bietti, Auteur ; Julien Mairal, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Grenoble : Université de Grenoble Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 194 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de la Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes, Spécialité : Mathématiques AppliquéesLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif
[Termes IGN] espace de Hilbert
[Termes IGN] état de l'art
[Termes IGN] invariance
[Termes IGN] jeu de données
[Termes IGN] méthode fondée sur le noyau
[Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques)
[Termes IGN] Perceptron multicoucheIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The increased availability of large amounts of data, from images in social networks, speech waveforms from mobile devices, and large text corpuses, to genomic and medical data, has led to a surge of machine learning techniques. Such methods exploit statistical patterns in these large datasets for making accurate predictions on new data. In recent years, deep learning systems have emerged as a remarkably successful class of machine learning algorithms, which rely on gradient-based methods for training multi-layer models that process data in a hierarchical manner. These methods have been particularly successful in tasks where the data consists of natural signals such as images or audio; this includes visual recognition, object detection or segmentation, and speech recognition.For such tasks, deep learning methods often yield the best known empirical performance; yet, the high dimensionality of the data and large number of parameters of these models make them challenging to understand theoretically. Their success is often attributed in part to their ability to exploit useful structure in natural signals, such as local stationarity or invariance, for instance through choices of network architectures with convolution and pooling operations. However, such properties are still poorly understood from a theoretical standpoint, leading to a growing gap between the theory and practice of machine learning. This thesis is aimed towards bridging this gap, by studying spaces of functions which arise from given network architectures, with a focus on the convolutional case. Our study relies on kernel methods, by considering reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs) associated to certain kernels that are constructed hierarchically based on a given architecture. This allows us to precisely study smoothness, invariance, stability to deformations, and approximation properties of functions in the RKHS. These representation properties are also linked with optimization questions when training deep networks with gradient methods in some over-parameterized regimes where such kernels arise. They also suggest new practical regularization strategies for obtaining better generalization performance on small datasets, and state-of-the-art performance for adversarial robustness on image tasks. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction
2- Invariance, Stability to deformations, and complexity of deep convolutional representations
3- A kernel perspective on regularization and robustness of deep neural networks
4- Links with optimization: inductive bias of neural tangent kernels
5- Invariance and stability through regularization: a stochastic optimization algorithm for data augmentation
6- Conclusion and perspectivesNuméro de notice : 25833 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Mathématiques Appliquées : Grenoble Alpes : 2019 nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02543073/ document Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95171 A new generation of the United States National Land Cover Database : Requirements, research priorities, design, and implementation strategies / Limin Yang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 146 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : A new generation of the United States National Land Cover Database : Requirements, research priorities, design, and implementation strategies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Limin Yang, Auteur ; Suming Jin, Auteur ; Patrick Danielson, Auteur ; Collin Homer, Auteur ; Leila Gass, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 108 - 123 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] approche hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] base de données d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] couvert végétal
[Termes IGN] données multitemporelles
[Termes IGN] Etats-Unis
[Termes IGN] historique des données
[Termes IGN] image Landsat
[Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique)
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] zone humideRésumé : (Auteur) The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in partnership with several federal agencies, has developed and released four National Land Cover Database (NLCD) products over the past two decades: NLCD 1992, 2001, 2006, and 2011. These products provide spatially explicit and reliable information on the Nation’s land cover and land cover change. To continue the legacy of NLCD and further establish a long-term monitoring capability for the Nation’s land resources, the USGS has designed a new generation of NLCD products named NLCD 2016. The NLCD 2016 design aims to provide innovative, consistent, and robust methodologies for production of a multi-temporal land cover and land cover change database from 2001 to 2016 at 2–3-year intervals. Comprehensive research was conducted and resulted in developed strategies for NLCD 2016: a streamlined process for assembling and preprocessing Landsat imagery and geospatial ancillary datasets; a multi-source integrated training data development and decision-tree based land cover classifications; a temporally, spectrally, and spatially integrated land cover change analysis strategy; a hierarchical theme-based post-classification and integration protocol for generating land cover and change products; a continuous fields biophysical parameters modeling method; and an automated scripted operational system for the NLCD 2016 production. The performance of the developed strategies and methods were tested in twenty World Reference System-2 path/row throughout the conterminous U.S. An overall agreement ranging from 71% to 97% between land cover classification and reference data was achieved for all tested area and all years. Results from this study confirm the robustness of this comprehensive and highly automated procedure for NLCD 2016 operational mapping. Numéro de notice : A2018-537 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.006 Date de publication en ligne : 13/09/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.006 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91550
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 146 (December 2018) . - pp 108 - 123[article]Réservation
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