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Modeling use of space from social media data using a biased random walker / Steven D. Prager in Transactions in GIS, vol 18 n° 6 (December 2014)
[article]
Titre : Modeling use of space from social media data using a biased random walker Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Steven D. Prager, Auteur ; Paul Wiegand, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 817 – 833 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] données socio-économiques
[Termes IGN] environnement
[Termes IGN] modélisation spatiale
[Termes IGN] navigation pédestre
[Termes IGN] New York (Etats-Unis ; ville)Résumé : (Auteur) Individuals and other entities move through space as a function of local characteristics of place, their internal behavioral models, and the topological structure of the underlying space. When a collection of locations (i.e. geotagged photos or other geotagged social media information) from a large number of individuals is assembled, it becomes possible to understand the interrelationship between the individuals and the space they occupy. This research systematically considers this interrelationship through an examination of the effect of the intersection of behavioral and spatial characteristics on individuals moving on street networks. The research illustrates how social media data, in combination with a biased random walker, can be used to understand and model the interaction of spatial structure and social-environmental factors on influencing individuals' use of their environment. The biased walker offers a flexible approach to incorporate consideration of both social-environmental and structural factors into a model and we demonstrate this through a case study wherein we are able to use the random walker to model the characteristics of Flickr users in New York City. Numéro de notice : A2014-572 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12069 Date de publication en ligne : 18/11/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12069 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=74762
in Transactions in GIS > vol 18 n° 6 (December 2014) . - pp 817 – 833[article]Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought / Marianne Peiffer in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 7 (October 2014)
[article]
Titre : Disturbances in European beech water relation during an extreme drought Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marianne Peiffer, Auteur ; Nathalie Bréda, Auteur ; Vincent Badeau, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 821 - 829 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] evaporation
[Termes IGN] Fagus (genre)
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] indice foliaire
[Termes IGN] Lorraine
[Termes IGN] sécheresseRésumé : (Auteur) Context
In the context of a probable increase in intensity and frequency of extreme summer drought events, a better understanding of the key processes involved in water relations is needed to improve the theoretical foundations of predictive process-based models.
Aims
This paper aims to analyse how temperate deciduous trees cope with water shortage.
Methods
The exceptional summer drought of 2003 in Europe provided an opportunity to monitor stomatal conductance and twig water potential in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) at predawn and midday and to analyse variations with respect to leaf height within the canopy. By comparing our field measurements of twig water potential to values found in the literature, we confirmed the strong impact of soil water shortage on crown water relations.
Results
This paper shows that (1) the vertical gradient of stomatal conductance within the crown disappeared under extreme soil water depletion; (2) at maximum drought intensity, predawn twig water potential (ψ pd) reached −2.3 MPa at a height of 14 m in the crown and −2.0 MPa at a height of 10 m. The significant differences in ψ pd between the two measurement heights in the canopy may be due to night transpiration; (3) there was a close relationship between predawn twig water potential and relative extractable soil water; (4) as drought conditions intensified, there was a close relationship between canopy radiation interception and predawn water potential, as estimated daily from relative extractable soil water.Numéro de notice : A2014-536 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-014-0383-3 Date de publication en ligne : 23/05/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0383-3 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=74149
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 7 (October 2014) . - pp 821 - 829[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 016-2014071 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Disponible
[article]
Titre : Group spatiotemporal pattern queries Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M. Sakr, Auteur ; Ralf Hartmut Güting, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 699-746 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web
[Termes IGN] base de données orientée objet
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] objet mobile
[Termes IGN] requête spatiotemporelleRésumé : (Auteur) Group spatiotemporal patterns are certain formations, in space and time, shown by groups of moving objects, such as flocks, concurrence, encounter, etc. A large number of recent applications focus on the collective behavior of moving objects, rather than the individual movements. Therefore finding such groups in moving object databases is crucial. There exist, in the literature, smart algorithms for matching some of these patterns. These solutions, however, address specific patterns and require specialized data representation and indexes. They share too little to be integrated into a single system. There is a need for a generic query method that allows users to fill in pattern descriptions, and retrieve the set of matches. In this paper, we propose generic query operators that can consistently express and match a wide range of group spatiotemporal patterns. We formally define these operators, illustrate the evaluation algorithms, and discuss the issues of their integration with moving object database (MOD) systems. These operators have been implemented in the context of Secondo MOD system, and the implementation is available online as open source. Several examples are given to showcase the expressive power of the operators. We have made available scripts that can be invoked from the Secondo interface to automatically repeat some of the experiments in this paper. Numéro de notice : A2014-460 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-013-0198-7 Date de publication en ligne : 19/01/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-013-0198-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=74032
in Geoinformatica > vol 18 n° 4 (October 2014) . - pp 699-746[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 057-2014041 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Oak powdery mildew changes growth patterns in its host tree: host tolerance response and potential manipulation of host physiology by the parasite / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 5 (July - August 2014)
[article]
Titre : Oak powdery mildew changes growth patterns in its host tree: host tolerance response and potential manipulation of host physiology by the parasite Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Gilles Saint-Jean, Auteur ; Benoît Barrès, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 563 - 573 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] étude d'impact
[Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire
[Termes IGN] parasite (biologie)
[Termes IGN] phénologie
[Termes IGN] Quercus (genre)Résumé : (Auteur)
Context : Parasites can induce strong effects on their host’s growth, not only as a result of host resource exploitation (growth loss) but also with a potential adaptive value for host (tolerance response) and themselves (increased transmission).
Aims : We assessed these three types of phenotypic changes in oak seedlings infected by powdery mildew.
Methods : A manipulative field experiment with three levels of parasite inoculum was designed in order to tease apart infection from genetic effects on oak growth. Seedlings were monitored during 3 years for height growth, phenology and infection.
Results : Powdery mildew infection induced both significant growth loss and qualitative changes in plant architecture. The most striking and unexpected change was increased growth polycyclism in infected seedlings. This benefitted both the host as a form of compensation for infection-caused height loss, and the pathogen, by increasing sporulation.
Conclusion : The study highlights the effect of parasites in the expression of plant phenotypic traits, such as phenology and ultimately tree architecture. Both host tolerance and parasitic manipulation may be involved in the observed changes in growth patterns. These results suggest a complex interplay between development and defence in trees and emphasize the need to better assess tolerance mechanisms when considering the defence strategies of trees against pathogens.Numéro de notice : A2014-425 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-014-0364-6 Date de publication en ligne : 27/02/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0364-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73963
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 5 (July - August 2014) . - pp 563 - 573[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 016-2014051 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Exclu du prêt Towards (re)constructing narratives from georeferenced photographs through visual analytics / Ralph K. Straumann in Cartographic journal (the), vol 51 n° 2 (May 2014)
[article]
Titre : Towards (re)constructing narratives from georeferenced photographs through visual analytics Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ralph K. Straumann, Auteur ; Arzu Çöltekin, Auteur ; Gennady Andrienko, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 152 - 165 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] analyse visuelle
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles
[Termes IGN] géoréférencement
[Termes IGN] image terrestre
[Termes IGN] prise de vue terrestre
[Termes IGN] site
[Termes IGN] SuisseRésumé : (Auteur) We present a study that explores methodological steps towards (re)constructing collective narratives from the photo-taking behaviour of two groups (foreign tourists and inhabitants of Switzerland) by analysing spatial and temporal patterns in user-contributed, georeferenced photographs of Zurich, Switzerland. We reason that the photographers typically capture a scene or a moment because they want to remember or share it, thus these scenes or moments are meaningful to them. Various scholars suggest that the human experience (i.e. this meaningfulness) is what separates a place from the mathematical descriptions of space. While this notion is well known in larger geographic literature, it is under-explored in cartographic research. We respond to this research gap and reconstruct static and dynamic patterns of photo-taking and -sharing behaviour to assist in capturing the implicit meaning in the studied locations. These locations may be meaningful to only a certain group of people in certain moments; therefore, studying group differences in spatial and temporal photo-taking patterns will help building a collective and comparative story about the studied place. In our study, we focus on experiences of foreign versus domestic visitors, and in the process, we examine the potential (and feasibility) of georeferenced photographs for extracting such collective narratives using qualitative and quantitative visual analytical methods. Numéro de notice : A2014-240 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1179/1743277414Y.0000000079 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1179/1743277414Y.0000000079 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33143
in Cartographic journal (the) > vol 51 n° 2 (May 2014) . - pp 152 - 165[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 030-2014021 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Usage de la morphométrie dans la révélation des préférences de mobilité. Application aux cheminements piétons / Arnaud Piombini in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 24 n° 1 (mars – mai 2014)PermalinkEstimating the vehicle-miles-traveled implications of alternative metropolitan growth scenarios: A Boston example / Joseph Ferreira Jr in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 5 (October 2013)PermalinkMapping social activities and concepts with social media (Twitter) and web search engines (Yahoo and Bing): a case study in 2012 US Presidential Election / Ming-Hsiang Tsou in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 4 (September 2013)PermalinkDiscovering spatial interaction communities from mobile phone data / Song Gao in Transactions in GIS, vol 17 n° 3 (June 2013)PermalinkMotifs spatio-temporels de trajectoires, de l'extraction à la détection de comportements inhabituels / Laurent Etienne in Cartes & Géomatique, n° 215 (mars 2013)PermalinkMap readers' assessment of path elements and context to identify movement behaviour in visualisations / A. Lautenschütz in Cartographic journal (the), vol 49 n° 4 (November 2012)PermalinkMore maps, more users, more devices means more cartographic challenges [éditorial] / Amy L. Griffin in Cartographic journal (the), vol 49 n° 4 (November 2012)PermalinkTowards dynamic behavior-based profiling for reducing spatial information overload in map browsing activity / E. Mac Aoidh in Geoinformatica, vol 16 n° 3 (July 2012)PermalinkThe elements of probabilistic time geography / Stephan Winter in Geoinformatica, vol 15 n° 3 (July 2011)PermalinkManaging sensor traffic data and forecasting unusual behaviour propagation / C. Bauzer Medeiros in Geoinformatica, vol 14 n° 3 (July 2010)Permalink