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Comparison of GIS-based methodologies for the landslide susceptibility assessment / P. Magliulo in Geoinformatica, vol 13 n° 3 (September 2009)
[article]
Titre : Comparison of GIS-based methodologies for the landslide susceptibility assessment Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : P. Magliulo, Auteur ; A. Di Lisio, Auteur ; F. Russo, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 253 - 265 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG
[Termes IGN] analyse bivariée
[Termes IGN] analyse comparative
[Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité
[Termes IGN] ArcView
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] effondrement de terrain
[Termes IGN] géomorphologie locale
[Termes IGN] Italie
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] système expertRésumé : (Auteur) In this paper, two simple GIS-based methodologies have been used to assess the landslide susceptibility in a basin located in Southern Italy. The methodologies at issue, based on the spatial distribution of landslides and/or of causal factors, are bivariate statistics-based and expert-based, respectively. The spatial distribution of both the landslides and the causal factors has been investigated by integrating pre-existing and original data, which have been processed using ArcView GIS 3.2 software. The obtained results, consisting of landslide susceptibility maps have been compared and discussed. The bivariate statistics-based method has provided the most satisfying results. On the contrary, the expert-based method has provided a classification of the study area in terms of landslide susceptibility which does not completely fit with the surveyed spatial distribution of the landslides. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2009-250 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-008-0063-2 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-008-0063-2 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29880
in Geoinformatica > vol 13 n° 3 (September 2009) . - pp 253 - 265[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 057-09031 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Apport des règles d'association spatiales pour l'alimentation automatique des bases de données géographiques / S.Y. Turki in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 19 n° 1 (mars – mai 2009)
[article]
Titre : Apport des règles d'association spatiales pour l'alimentation automatique des bases de données géographiques Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : S.Y. Turki, Auteur ; Sami Faiz, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 27 - 44 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] acquisition de données
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] exploration de données géographiques
[Termes IGN] extraction automatique
[Termes IGN] image satellite
[Termes IGN] milieu urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] Tunis (Tunisie)Résumé : (Auteur) Cet article présente une approche permettant de produire des informations sur l'occupation du sol en milieu urbain. Cette approche utilise les règles d'association spatiales pour la génération des données requises. Ces règles sont définies soit à partir des caractéristiques générales de la répartition spatiale des fonctions urbaines, soit par l'utilisation de la technique d'extraction de connaissances à partir de données (ou data mining). L'article présente également un prototype que nous avons mis en oeuvre et qui applique cette démarche et permet l'alimentation automatique d'une base de données urbaines en données sur l'occupation du sol à partir d'une image satellite. Deux études de cas relatives au quartier Cité El Khadra situé à Tunis et à la côte nord de Tunis sont également présentées. Copyright Lavoisier Numéro de notice : A2009-079 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3166/geo.19.27-44 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3166/geo.19.27-44 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29709
in Revue internationale de géomatique > vol 19 n° 1 (mars – mai 2009) . - pp 27 - 44[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 047-09011 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible 047-09012 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible
Titre : High-resolution GPS tomography in view of hydrological hazard assessment Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Simon Lutz, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse Année de publication : 2009 Collection : Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 76 Importance : 200 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-908440-20-8 Note générale : Bibliographie
Doctoral thesisLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] aérosol
[Termes IGN] atmosphère terrestre
[Termes IGN] Bernese
[Termes IGN] campagne d'expérimentation
[Termes IGN] collocation
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] double différence
[Termes IGN] interpolation spatiale
[Termes IGN] météorologie
[Termes IGN] méthode des moindres carrés
[Termes IGN] modèle atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] prévision météorologique
[Termes IGN] propagation troposphérique
[Termes IGN] réfraction atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] temps réel
[Termes IGN] teneur en vapeur d'eau
[Termes IGN] tomographie
[Termes IGN] traitement de données GNSS
[Termes IGN] Valais (Suisse)
[Termes IGN] vapeur d'eau
[Termes IGN] voxelIndex. décimale : 30.83 Applications océanographiques de géodésie spatiale Résumé : (Auteur) In the last few years, the use of propagation delays of GNSS radio signals due to the atmospheric effect has gained considerable importance as a valuable contribution to numerical weather forecasting. GPS-based tomography is a dedicated method to resolve the temporal variation and spatial distribution of the most important constituent of the atmosphere, the tropospheric water vapor. The four-dimensional tomographic approach, however, has not yet been completely established. Investigations on the small-scale high-resolution configuration will now help to determine and model water vapor distribution and variation over local, mountainous catchment areas. Especially, the development towards near real-time analysis with a high update rate of less than one hour will reveal the potential in the field of short and medium range forecasts.
Three main objectives were defined for this research project: The first objective was the study of the feasibility of GPS tomography in a small-scale and Alpine area. Furthermore, the processing of campaign-type measurements had to be considered specifically. The second aim was the determination of the four-dimensional distribution of atmospheric water vapor over a local region using GPS tomography in view of hydrological hazard assessment. Thirdly, aspects of real-time determination had to be investigated. In this context, it had to be accounted for that, instead of precise GNSS satellite orbits, predicted ones like broadcast ephemerides or ultra-rapid orbits had to be used. Also, it had to be addressed that the processing time is a critical issue in real-time computation. As a consequence, the parameters of the complete GPS processing were refined and adapted to near real-time applications. Furthermore, new algorithms in the tomographic software were to be designed and evaluated.
The tomographic software package AWATOS (Atmospheric Water Vapor Tomography Software), developed at the Geodesy and Geodynamics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, was used for the assimilation of double-differenced GPS observations and interpolated meteorological data sets. The spatial distribution of water vapor can be determined by least-squares inversion with a high temporal resolution.
The work was carried out in five steps: Simulations helped to design an optimal GPS network for the tomographic purpose. Based on these findings, two dedicated field campaigns were performed to study the feasibility of the method for a non-permanent densification network in an Alpine region in Switzerland. Secondly, GPS derived zenith total delays (ZTD) as well as double-differenced residuals were estimated using a high performance and high accuracy post-processing software package (Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0). The results were validated by comparison with independent methods. With the software package COMEDIE, meteorological data was collocated and interpolated for the separation of the total delays into a wet and a dry part. In the third step, this set of data was processed with the GPS tomography software package AWATOS to obtain spatially and temporally highly-resolved wet refractivity fields. An automatic generation of tomographic voxel models was developed in the forth step. This tool allows high flexibility in tomographic processing and forms a fundamental part of an adaptive method of choosing voxel models at a particular spatial resolution. In the fifth step, the aspects of near real-time processing were investigated.
Measurements from a solar spectrometer and data from the current numerical weather model COSMO-7 of MeteoSwiss were available for comparison purposes. During the campaigns, radiosondes were launched to measure vertical profiles of the tropospheric meteorological components in situ and to validate the tomographic results.
The success of the tomographic method was revealed by the statistical analyses. The wet refractivity profiles from the GPS tomography software package AWATOS in the high-resolution mode match the profiles derived from corresponding radiosonde measurements within 10 ppm (refractivity units). The AWATOS profiles represent the characteristics of the different tropospheric layers in most cases with high significance.
The accuracy of GPS tomography in near real-time was assessed based on dedicated case studies with real-time orbits. The error budget of the near real-time calculations was compared to the best postprocessing solutions available. Due to large variations in the time series of the Up component of the GPS coordinate estimation, the broadcast ephemerides are not recommended for GPS meteorological applications. But ultra-rapid orbits, which are also available in real-time, yield satisfying results regarding tropospheric parameter estimation (ZTD) and the high-resolution GPS tomographic analysis.Note de contenu : 1 Introduction
1.1 Trends in GPS meteorology
1.2 Research review of atmospheric water vapor profiling
1.3 Significance of high-resolution GPS tomography
1.3.1 For the research community
1.3.2 For practical applications
1.4 Objectives
1.5 Structure
2 Theoretical background of GPS meteorology
2.1 Atmospheric water vapor
2.2 Radio wave refractivity
2.3 Refraction and path delay modeling
2.3.1 Definition
2.3.2 The Saastamoinen formula
2.3.3 Integrating tropospheric refractivity
2.3.4 Path delay interpolation with COITROPA
2.4 The Global Positioning System (GPS)
2.4.1 Introduction to GPS
2.4.2 The GPS observation equations
2.4.3 Mapping functions and standard models
2.4.4 Troposphere modeling in the Bernese GPS Software
2.5 The software package COMEDIE
2.5.1 4-D refractivity field from meteorological data
2.5.2 Estimation of tropospheric path delays
3 Ground-based GPS tomography of the neutral atmosphere
3.1 Models, methods and algorithms
3.1.1 The tomographic voxel model
3.1.2 The apriori model .
3.1.3 Inter-voxel constraints
3.1.4 Separation of the total path delay
3.2 The software package AWATOS
3.2.1 Double-difference GPS tomography
3.2.2 The tomographic equation system
3.2.3 Ray tracing and the design matrix
3.2.4 (Pscudo-) Observations and the weight matrix
3.2.5 Error budget
3.3 Network analysis tool
4 Outline of the two field campaigns
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The project area in the canton of Valais (Switzerland)
4.3 The July 2005 field campaign
4.3.1 GPS network
4.3.2 Meteorological ground measurement network
4.3.3 Radiosondes
4.4 The October 2005 field campaign
4.4.1 GPS Network
4.4.2 Meteorological ground measurement network
4.4.3 Radiosondes
4.4.4 Solar Spectrometry for comparison purpose
5 Data preprocessing
5.1 Introduction
5.2 GPS data processing
5.2.1 Overview
5.2.2 Criteria for fix station selection
5.2.3 Parameter settings in the Bernese GPS Software
5.2.4 Network solutions
5.2.5 Section summary
5.3 Meteorological data processing
5.4 Path delay comparison
6 The numerical weather model COSMO-7
6.1 Model description
6.2 Distribution of the available data
6.3 Data processing workflow
6.4 Data analysis
6.4.1 Comparison with balloon sounding profiles
6.4.2 Time series of integrated path delays
6.4.3 Comparison with time series of hourly GPS-ZTD
6.4.4 ZTD comparison with rainfall data
7 Enhancements of AWATOS
7.1 Introduction
7.2 New models and algorithms
7.2.1 Designing the voxel model
7.2.2 Obtaining a priori information
7.2.3 Allocation of meteorological data
7.2.4 Selection of beneficial stations
7.3 Further analysis tools
7.4 Notes on near real-tirnc analysis and predictive algorithms
7.5 Accuracy and reliability assessment
8 Results and discussion
8.1 Towards high spatial resolution
8.1.1 Impact of vertical spacing
8.1.2 Vertical resolution and cutoff elevation angle
8.1.3 Impact of horizontal spacing
8.1.4 Summary on the July 2005 campaign data
8.1.5 Summary on the October 2005 campaign data
8.1.6 Impact of a reduced network in October 2005
8.1.7 Discussion on spatial resolution
8.2 Correlation analysis with meteorological surface data
8.2.1 Comparison with air temperature
8.2.2 Wet refractivity variation and sunshine duration
8.2.3 Dew point temperature and atmospheric water vapor
8.3 Aspects of changing temporal resolution
8.4 Investigations in near real-time analysis
8.4.1 Processing real-time GPS orbits
8.4.2 Examination of time correlation strategies
9 ConclusionsNuméro de notice : 15512 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Autre URL associée : URL ETH Zurich Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-005648120 En ligne : https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-76.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62745 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15512-01 30.83 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible Is the spatial distribution of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) limited by its potential height growth? / Ingrid Seynave in Journal of Biogeography, vol 35 n° 10 (October 2008)
[article]
Titre : Is the spatial distribution of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) limited by its potential height growth? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ingrid Seynave, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Gégout, Auteur ; Jean-Christophe Hervé (1961-2017) , Auteur ; Jean-François Dhôte, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1851 - 1862 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] facteur édaphique
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France)
[Termes IGN] krigeage
[Termes IGN] régression linéaire
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Aim : To improve our understanding of species range limits by studying how height growth, a trait related to plant survival, varies throughout the geographic range of Fagus sylvatica L. in France.
Location : The geographic range of beech in France, representing the western area of its European distribution, within which this species exhibits range distribution limits in both plains and mountainous areas.
Methods : A generalized linear regression model was used to link beech growth performance to environmental variables using data from 819 plots of the French National Forest Inventory (IFN) database. This model was applied to predict potential growth on 97,281 IFN plots covering the geographic range of beech in France. A kriging technique was used to interpolate estimated growth potential. Finally, the performance of plot-based predictions of potential growth from the map (i.e. map quality) was evaluated against an independent data set.
Results : The beech growth performance model highlighted the major impact of climate on potential tree growth at a broad spatial scale. The relevant climatic factors were related mainly to spring cold, summer heat, and winter temperatures and rainfall. The study also revealed the predictive power of soil parameters, which explained a large proportion of the variation in potential beech growth (c. 30%). Analyses of height growth patterns near the boundary of the species range in France showed that the limit only partly coincides with the growth decline caused by climatic and soil factors. Along parts of the range limit, the predicted potential for growth was high, suggesting that in these areas the limit of the range could be explained by other factors, such as competition or constraints on reproduction.
Main conclusions : The spatial variation in the potential height growth of Fagus sylvatica can be explained by environmental factors and is partly correlated with its regional range limits. By identifying areas where growth potential constrains the geographic range of species, environmental growth models can help to improve our knowledge of the spatial drivers of species geographic range limits and shed light on their response to future environmental changes.Numéro de notice : A2008-664 Affiliation des auteurs : IFN+Ext (1958-2011) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01930.x En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01930.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87106
in Journal of Biogeography > vol 35 n° 10 (October 2008) . - pp 1851 - 1862[article]Spatial analysis of urban flash flood survey results / M. Coulibaly in Geocarto international, vol 23 n° 3 (June - July 2008)
[article]
Titre : Spatial analysis of urban flash flood survey results Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M. Coulibaly, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 217 - 234 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] crue
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] réseau hydrographique
[Termes IGN] retour d'expérience
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (Auteur) The geographical distribution of a flash flood's occurrence could be an important consideration in assessing its severity and social impacts. In this study, the spatial distribution of survey responses is analysed with respect to features such as the stream network (natural water path), the drainage network, buildings, and catchments. This provides information on both flash flood distribution causes in an urban setting and residents' perceptions of the hazard that would otherwise not be revealed. The study demonstrated the possibility of taking into account people's experience in detecting the location of potential flash flood hazards. It also illustrates the usefulness of GIS-supported spatial analysis of survey results in identifying factors that increase the occurrence of urban flash floods. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-243 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106040701207258 Date de publication en ligne : 12/05/2008 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106040701207258 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29238
in Geocarto international > vol 23 n° 3 (June - July 2008) . - pp 217 - 234[article]Réservation
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