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Using OpenStreetMap data and machine learning to generate socio-economic indicators / Daniel Feldmeyer in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 9 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 9 n° 9 (September 2020) . - 16 p. Titre : Using OpenStreetMap data and machine learning to generate socio-economic indicators Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel Feldmeyer, Auteur ; Claude Meisch, Auteur ; Holger Sauter, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 16 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Allemagne [Termes descripteurs IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre aléatoire [Termes descripteurs IGN] base de données spatiotemporelles [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] chômage [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par réseau neuronal [Termes descripteurs IGN] collectivité territoriale [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] inégalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] limite administrative [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de régression [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] OpenStreetMap Résumé : (auteur) Socio-economic indicators are key to understanding societal challenges. They disassemble complex phenomena to gain insights and deepen understanding. Specific subsets of indicators have been developed to describe sustainability, human development, vulnerability, risk, resilience and climate change adaptation. Nonetheless, insufficient quality and availability of data often limit their explanatory power. Spatial and temporal resolution are often not at a scale appropriate for monitoring. Socio-economic indicators are mostly provided by governmental institutions and are therefore limited to administrative boundaries. Furthermore, different methodological computation approaches for the same indicator impair comparability between countries and regions. OpenStreetMap (OSM) provides an unparalleled standardized global database with a high spatiotemporal resolution. Surprisingly, the potential of OSM seems largely unexplored in this context. In this study, we used machine learning to predict four exemplary socio-economic indicators for municipalities based on OSM. By comparing the predictive power of neural networks to statistical regression models, we evaluated the unhinged resources of OSM for indicator development. OSM provides prospects for monitoring across administrative boundaries, interdisciplinary topics, and semi-quantitative factors like social cohesion. Further research is still required to, for example, determine the impact of regional and international differences in user contributions on the outputs. Nonetheless, this database can provide meaningful insight into otherwise unknown spatial differences in social, environmental or economic inequalities. Numéro de notice : A2020-663 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi9090498 date de publication en ligne : 21/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9090498 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96139 [article]

Landuse and land cover identification and disaggregating socio-economic data with convolutional neural network / Jingtao Yao in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 10 ([01/08/2020])  

Public [article]  inGeocarto international > vol 35 n° 10 [01/08/2020] . - pp 1109 - 1123 Titre : Landuse and land cover identification and disaggregating socio-economic data with convolutional neural network Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jingtao Yao, Auteur ; Xiangbin Kong, Auteur ; Rattan Lal, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 1109 - 1123 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte thématique [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par réseau neuronal convolutif [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité de population [Termes descripteurs IGN] désagrégation [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] image Landsat-8 [Termes descripteurs IGN] occupation du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (auteur) Numéro de notice : A2020-427 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2019.1568587 date de publication en ligne : 18/03/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2019.1568587 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95493 [article]

Los Angeles as a digital place: The geographies of user‐generated content / Andrea Ballatore in Transactions in GIS, Vol 24 n° 4 (August 2020)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > Vol 24 n° 4 (August 2020) . - 23 p. Titre : Los Angeles as a digital place: The geographies of user‐generated content Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Andrea Ballatore, Auteur ; Stefano de Sabbata, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 23 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] centre urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] contenu généré par les utilisateurs [Termes descripteurs IGN] distribution spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] données multisources [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] exploration de données géographiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] Foursquare [Termes descripteurs IGN] Los Angeles [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de régression [Termes descripteurs IGN] OpenStreetMap [Termes descripteurs IGN] participation du public [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation géographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau social [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau social géodépendant [Termes descripteurs IGN] Twitter Résumé : (auteur) Online representations of places are becoming pivotal in informing our understanding of urban life. Content production on online platforms is grounded in the geography of their users and their digital infrastructure. These constraints shape place representation, that is, the amount, quality, and type of digital information available in a geographic area. In this article we study the place representation of user‐generated content (UGC) in Los Angeles County, relating the spatial distribution of the data to its geo‐demographic context. Adopting a comparative and multi‐platform approach, this quantitative analysis investigates the spatial relationship between four diverse UGC datasets and their context at the census tract level (about 685,000 geo‐located tweets, 9,700 Wikipedia pages, 4 million OpenStreetMap objects, and 180,000 Foursquare venues). The context includes the ethnicity, age, income, education, and deprivation of residents, as well as public infrastructure. An exploratory spatial analysis and regression‐based models indicate that the four UGC platforms possess distinct geographies of place representation. To a moderate extent, the presence of Twitter, OpenStreetMap, and Foursquare data is influenced by population density, ethnicity, education, and income. However, each platform responds to different socio‐economic factors and clusters emerge in disparate hotspots. Unexpectedly, Twitter data tend to be located in denser, more deprived areas, and the geography of Wikipedia appears peculiar and harder to explain. These trends are compared with previous findings for the area of Greater London. Numéro de notice : A2020-671 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12600 date de publication en ligne : 02/01/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12600 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96156 [article]

Spatiotemporally Varying Coefficients (STVC) model: a Bayesian local regression to detect spatial and temporal nonstationarity in variables relationships / Chao Song in Annals of GIS, vol 26 n° 3 (July 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of GIS > vol 26 n° 3 (July 2020) . - pp 277 - 291 Titre : Spatiotemporally Varying Coefficients (STVC) model: a Bayesian local regression to detect spatial and temporal nonstationarity in variables relationships Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chao Song, Auteur ; Xun Shi, Auteur ; Jinfeng Wang, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 277 - 291 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] Chine [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] estimation bayesienne [Termes descripteurs IGN] géostatistique [Termes descripteurs IGN] modélisation spatio-temporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] régression [Termes descripteurs IGN] régression géographiquement pondérée [Termes descripteurs IGN] santé [Termes descripteurs IGN] série temporelle Résumé : (auteur) Local regression has an advantage over global regression by allowing coefficients that qualify variables relationships being heterogeneous, where such varying regression relationships are nonstationarity. Spatiotemporally Varying Coefficients (STVC) model is the first Bayesian-based local spatiotemporal regression approach, intending to simultaneously detect spatial and temporal nonstationarity for heterogeneous response-covariate variables relationships, through separately estimating posterior local-scale coefficients over different space areas and time frames. In this paper, we first presented a general Bayesian STVC modelling paradigm as a specification guide to show its commonality in broader geospatial research. Then, we employed it to solve a real-world issue concerning spatiotemporal healthcare-socioeconomic relations, for which we derived data of county-level hospital beds number per capita, as well as data of related socioeconomic factors in northeast China during 2002–2011. Results showed that the STVC model surpassed all the other comparative regressions, in terms of both Bayesian model fitness and predictive ability. Globally, resident savings, financial institutions loans, GDP, and primary industry were identified as key socioeconomic conditions affecting healthcare resources in Northeast China. Temporally, with Time-Coefficients (TC) plots, we found that after 2011, GDP and primary industry would further help improve the overall healthcare level of northeast China. Spatially, with Space-Coefficients (SC) maps, we could directly identify the relative contribution of four socioeconomic covariates’ impacts on healthcare within each administrative county. Bayesian STVC model is an essential development and extension of the local regression family for exploring the spatiotemporal heterogeneous variables relationships, especially under Bayesian statistics, as well as GIScience and spatial statistics. Numéro de notice : A2020-582 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/19475683.2020.1782469 date de publication en ligne : 08/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2020.1782469 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95904 [article]

Delineating and modeling activity space using geotagged social media data / Lingqian Hu in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 47 n° 3 (May 2020)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 47 n° 3 (May 2020) . - pp 277 - 288 Titre : Delineating and modeling activity space using geotagged social media data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lingqian Hu, Auteur ; Zhenhong Li, Auteur ; Xinyue Ye, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 277 - 288 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] distance [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes descripteurs IGN] données massives [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] logement [Termes descripteurs IGN] loisir [Termes descripteurs IGN] Los Angeles [Termes descripteurs IGN] quartier [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau social [Termes descripteurs IGN] sport [Termes descripteurs IGN] Twitter [Termes descripteurs IGN] voisinage (topologie) [Termes descripteurs IGN] zone urbaine Résumé : (auteur) It has become increasingly important in spatial equity studies to understand activity spaces – where people conduct regular out-of-home activities. Big data can advance the identification of activity spaces and the understanding of spatial equity. Using the Los Angeles metropolitan area for the case study, this paper employs geotagged Twitter data to delineate activity spaces with two spatial measures: first, the average distance between users’ home location and activity locations; and second, the area covered between home and activity locations. The paper also finds significant relationship between the spatial measures of activity spaces and neighborhood spatial and socioeconomic characteristics. This research enriches the literature that aims to address spatial equity in activity spaces and demonstrates the applicability of big data in urban socio-spatial research. Numéro de notice : A2020-135 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2019.1705187 date de publication en ligne : 10/02/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2019.1705187 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94843 [article]

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