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CO2 fertilization, transpiration deficit and vegetation period drive the response of mixed broadleaved forests to a changing climate in Wallonia / Louis de Wergifosse in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 77 n° 3 (September 2020) . - 23 p. Titre : CO2 fertilization, transpiration deficit and vegetation period drive the response of mixed broadleaved forests to a changing climate in Wallonia Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Louis de Wergifosse, Auteur ; Frédéric André, Auteur ; Hugues Goosse, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : 23 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] évapotranspiration [Termes IGN] forêt de feuillus [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] production primaire brute [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Termes IGN] Wallonie (Belgique) [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message: The change in forest productivity was simulated in six stands in Wallonia (Belgium) following different climate scenarios using a process-based and spatially explicit tree growth model. Simulations revealed a strong and positive impact of the CO 2 fertilization while the negative effect of the transpiration deficit was compensated by longer vegetation periods. The site modulated significantly the forest productivity, mainly through the stand and soil characteristics. Context: Forest net primary production (NPP) reflects forest vitality and is likely to be affected by climate change. Aims: Simulating the impact of changing environmental conditions on NPP and two of its main drivers (transpiration deficit and vegetation period) in six Belgian stands and decomposing the site effect. Methods: Based on the tree growth model HETEROFOR, simulations were performed for each stand between 2011 and 2100 using three climate scenarios and two CO2 modalities (constant vs time dependent). Then, the climate conditions, soils and stands were interchanged to decompose the site effect in these three components. Results: In a changing climate with constant atmospheric CO2, NPP values remained constant due to a compensation of the negative effect of increased transpiration deficit by a positive impact of longer vegetation periods. With time-dependent atmospheric CO2, NPP substantially increased, especially for the scenarios with higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. For both atmospheric CO2 modalities, the site characteristics modulated the temporal trends and accounted in total for 56 to 73% of the variability. Conclusion: Long-term changes in NPP were primarily driven by CO2 fertilization, reinforced transpiration deficit, longer vegetation periods and the site characteristics. Numéro de notice : A2020-594 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-020-00966-w date de publication en ligne : 14/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-020-00966-w Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95932 [article]

Disturbance effects on soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in forest ecosystems / Scott X. Chang (2020)  

Public Titre : Disturbance effects on soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in forest ecosystems Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Scott X. Chang, Éditeur scientifique ; Yanjiang Cai, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Bâle [Suisse] : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute MDPI Année de publication : 2020 Importance : 232 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-03928-667-6 Note générale : Bibliographie This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue published in Forests. Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] effet de serre [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] politique forestière [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Editeur) Forest ecosystems are often disturbed by agents such as harvesting, fire, wind, insects and diseases, and acid deposition, with differing intensities and frequencies. Such disturbances can markedly affect the amount, form, and stability of soil organic carbon in, and the emission of greenhouse gases, including CO2, CH4, and N2O from, forest ecosystems. It is vitally important that we improve our understanding of the impact of different disturbance regimes on forest soil carbon dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions to guide our future research, forest management practices, and policy development. This Special Issue provides an important update on the disturbance effects on soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in forest ecosystems in different climate regions. Numéro de notice : 26498 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Recueil / ouvrage collectif DOI : 10.3390/books978-3-03928-667-6 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03928-667-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97000

Can forest structural diversity be a response to anthropogenic stress? A case study in old-growth fir Abies alba Mill. stands / Rafał Podlaski in Annals of Forest Science [en ligne], vol 75 n° 4 (December 2018)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science [en ligne] > vol 75 n° 4 (December 2018) Titre : Can forest structural diversity be a response to anthropogenic stress? A case study in old-growth fir Abies alba Mill. stands Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rafał Podlaski, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies alba [Termes IGN] action anthropique [Termes IGN] arbre mort [Termes IGN] biodiversité végétale [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes IGN] dioxyde de soufre [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] parc naturel national [Termes IGN] Pologne [Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] structure de la végétation [Termes IGN] surveillance forestière [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) From 1973 to 1991, Polish SO 2 emissions above 3250 Gg/year resulted in a decline of fir Abies alba Mill. After stresses connected with these emissions, five main diameter at breast height (DBH) structural types were described. This type of heterogeneous forest structure is supposed to increase forest resistance and resilience to abiotic, biotic and anthropogenic disturbances. The analyses of forest structure are important under the current scenario of global change, since heterogeneous structures allow for better responses to disturbances. Forests with more complex structures should present greater vitality. The main hypotheses were as follows: (1) the temporal changes of atmospheric SO2 emissions caused (a) the abrupt changes in the tree DBH radial increment and (b) the death of fir trees; and (2) atmospheric SO2 emissions and related fir decline and recovery processes ultimately result in the development of stands characterised by diverse DBH structures. Radial growth trends of 49 and 215 fir trees in the older and younger generations, respectively, and 85 dead fir trees were evaluated. Using data collected in 32 stands, the DBH structural types were identified, and the shapes of these types were illustrated. The structural diversification of forest patches may influence forest resistance and resilience to disturbances; five main structural types were identified: ML1 and ML2 represent DBH distributions of multi-layered stands, and OS, TS1 and TS2 represent DBH distributions of one- and two-storied stands. Structural diversity of forests was a response to SO2 emissions; fir trees had the ability to increase their radial growth, although there were still high SO2 emissions. Numéro de notice : A2018-548 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0777-8 date de publication en ligne : 20/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0777-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91591 [article]

Minimizing construction emissions using Building Information Modeling and Decision-Making techniques / Mohamed Marzouk in International journal of 3-D information modeling, vol 6 n° 2 (April-June 2017)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of 3-D information modeling > vol 6 n° 2 (April-June 2017) . - pp 14 - 35 Titre : Minimizing construction emissions using Building Information Modeling and Decision-Making techniques Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mohamed Marzouk, Auteur ; Eslam Mohammed Abdelkader, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 14 - 35 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Urbanisme [Termes IGN] analyse multicritère [Termes IGN] construction [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] gaz à effet de serre [Termes IGN] gestion de projet [Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement [Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo [Termes IGN] modélisation 3D du bâti BIM Résumé : (Auteur) The construction industry is regarded as a major contributor to environmental emissions, due to extensive usage of resources and the waste products produced. This article presents a building information modeling (BIM)-based model that is capable of measuring six types of emissions for different activities of construction projects. The paper investigates eight multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques for ranking alternatives based on project time; project life cycle cost; project environmental impact; and primary energy consumed by different activities. Three group decision- making techniques are performed to provide consensus and final ranking of alternatives. The Monte Carlo simulation is implemented in order to account for the discrepancy in the calculation of greenhouse gases produced from buildings. Also, a case study of academic buildings is introduced in order to demonstrate the practical features of the proposed model. Numéro de notice : A2017-816 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Article DOI : 10.4018/IJ3DIM.2017040102 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/IJ3DIM.2017040102 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89273 [article]

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Env-KPI, environnemental key performance indicators / S. Chesneau (2002)

Public Titre : Env-KPI, environnemental key performance indicators Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : S. Chesneau, Auteur Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Année de publication : 2002 Importance : 58 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Mémoire de mastère spécialisé de la conférence des grandes écoles en architecture des systèmes d'information géographique (modèles d'applications) Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG [Termes IGN] émission de gaz [Termes IGN] gaz [Termes IGN] hydrocarbure [Termes IGN] image radar [Termes IGN] indicateur [Termes IGN] navigation aérienne [Termes IGN] performance [Termes IGN] pollution atmosphérique [Termes IGN] trajectographie Index. décimale : MASIG Ex mastère spécialisé Architecture des SIG Résumé : (Auteur) Commercial flights that are forced to follow non-optimal routes and profiles are estimated to produce between 6 and 12% more emissions than if they were allowed to fly 'direct' routes between their departure and destination airports. An increase in fuel consumption means an increase in gaseous emissions - C02, H20, S0x, NOx, FIC, Benzene, CO. The purpose of this study is to compare pollution from real European airplane traffic with that from simulated traffic, where all routes would be direct. In the context of "Sustainable aviation", this study examines the concept of "environmental capacity" for the next twenty years. It sets out to complement the work previously carried out for the Performance Review Report 4 (PRR4), that used radar and flight plan data collected over Maastricht Area. In this study, the recording area was extended to four additional European zones and the comparison was made using existing and newly developed Environmental Key Performance Indicators. This study was divided into three parts : 1. Distance Analysis : Radar tracks provided by ATM suRveillance Tracker And Server system (ARTAS) were visualized in ArcView8, and compared by their lengths to the corresponding great circle distance. 2. Fuel Bum Analysis : Radar tracks were linked to Flight Plans using Aircraft Modelling Capacity (AMOC) Simulator, to identify the Type of Aircraft, and the departure and destination airports. AMOC also delivered direct routes corresponding to each correlated radar track. This preparation of the data allowed to use Advanced Emission Model 3 (AEM 3), a in-house tool that calculates fuel bum and emissions. The fuel consumption and related emissions were analysed for both direct and radar tracks using Environmental Key Performance Indicators. 3. Airport Pair Analysis: A more specific study was carried on between the Netherlands and Italy. It allowed a comparison between city pair radar routes, and the assessment of the influence of military zones on the studied traffic. All these calculated Environmental Key Performance Indicators concerning aviation emissions will be integrated into the next Performance Review Report 5 (PRR5). Numéro de notice : 13077 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Mémoire masters divers Organisme de stage : Eurocontrol ; European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=49877

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