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Vulnerability of forest ecosystems to fire in the French Alps / Sylvain Dupire in European Journal of Forest Research, Vol 138 n° 5 (octobre 2019)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > Vol 138 n° 5 (octobre 2019) . - pp 813 – 830 Titre : Vulnerability of forest ecosystems to fire in the French Alps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sylvain Dupire, Auteur ; Thomas Curt, Auteur ; Sylvain Bigot, Auteur ; Thibaut Fréjaville, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 813 – 830 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] canopée [Termes descripteurs IGN] castanea sativa [Termes descripteurs IGN] changement climatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes descripteurs IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes descripteurs IGN] Fagus (genre) [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt alpestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] France (administrative) [Termes descripteurs IGN] houppier [Termes descripteurs IGN] incendie de forêt [Termes descripteurs IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes descripteurs IGN] larix decidua [Termes descripteurs IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] mortalité [Termes descripteurs IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes descripteurs IGN] sécheresse [Termes descripteurs IGN] variation saisonnière [Termes descripteurs IGN] vulnérabilité [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Forest fires are expected to be more frequent and more intense with climate change, including in temperate and mountain forest ecosystems. In the Alps, forest vulnerability to fire resulting from interactions between climate, fuel types, vegetation structure and tree resistance to fire is little understood. This paper aims at identifying trends in the vulnerability of Alpine forest ecosystems to fire at different scales (tree species, stand level and biogeographic level) and according to three different climatic conditions (cold season, average summer and extremely dry summer). To explore Alpine forest vulnerability to fire, we used surface fuel measurements, forest inventory and fire weather data to simulate fire behaviour and ultimately post-fire tree mortality across 4438 forest plots in the French Alps. The results showed that cold season fires (about 50% of the fires in the French Alps) have a limited impact except on low-elevation forests of the Southern Alps (mainly Oak, Scots pine). In average summer conditions, mixed and broadleaved forests of low elevations suffer the highest mortality rates (up to 75% in coppices). Finally, summer fires occurring in extremely dry conditions promote high mortality across all forest communities. Lowest mortality rates were observed in high forest stands composed of tree species presenting adaptation to surface fires (e.g. thick bark, high canopy) such as Larch forests of the internal Alps. This study provides insights on the vulnerability of the main tree species and forest ecosystems of the French Alps useful for the adaptation of forest management practices to climate changes. Numéro de notice : A2019-565 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s10342-019-01206-1 date de publication en ligne : 19/06/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-019-01206-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94414 [article]

Effects of using different sources of remote sensing and geographic information system data on urban stormwater 2D–1D modeling / Yi Hong in Applied sciences, vol 7 n° 9 (September 2017)  

Public [article]  inApplied sciences > vol 7 n° 9 (September 2017) Titre : Effects of using different sources of remote sensing and geographic information system data on urban stormwater 2D–1D modeling Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yi Hong, Auteur ; Céline Bonhomme, Auteur ; Bahman Soheilian , Auteur ; Ghassan Chebbo, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Projets : TrafiPollu / Soheilian, Bahman Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 2D [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] eau pluviale [Termes descripteurs IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle numérique de terrain [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau d'assainissement [Termes descripteurs IGN] ruissellement [Termes descripteurs IGN] surface imperméable [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisation du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] ville [Termes descripteurs IGN] zone urbaine Résumé : (auteur) Remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) data is increasingly used in urban stormwater modeling. The undirected use of such data may waste economic and human resources. In order to provide guidance for practitioners to efficiently use different data collection resources, as well as give a reference for future works, this paper aims to assess the effects of using free access GIS data and ad hoc RS data on urban 2D–1D stormwater modeling. The 2D-surface Two-dimensional Runoff, Erosion, and Export model (TREX) model was published in Science of the Total Environment in 2008. The 1D-sewer CANOE (Logiciel intégré de conception et de diagnostic des réseaux d’assainissement) model was published in Journal of Hydrology in 2004. The two models are integrated in the TRENOE (TREX-CANOE) platform. The modeling approach is applied to a small urban catchment near Paris (Le Perreux sur Marne, 0.12 km2). Simulation results reveal that the detailed land-use information derived from multiple data sources is a crucial factor for accurate simulations. Nevertheless, using the very high resolution LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data is not equally significant for the water flow simulations at sewage outlets. Finally, we suggest that using the free access GIS data accompanying the urban sewer network design might be an acceptable low-cost solution for accurate urban 2D–1D stormwater modeling during moderate rainfall events. Further studies of urban stormwater modeling could focus on the development of “suitable” models with “enough” input data, depending on the management/research objectives. Numéro de notice : A2017-842 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/app7090904 date de publication en ligne : 05/09/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/app7090904 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89409 [article]

Evidences of communicating vessels principle in an integrated lans-use and transport modeling application / Fausto Lo Feudo in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 26 n° 2 (avril - juin 2016)  

Public [article]  inRevue internationale de géomatique > vol 26 n° 2 (avril - juin 2016) . - pp 163 - 184 Titre : Evidences of communicating vessels principle in an integrated lans-use and transport modeling application Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Fausto Lo Feudo, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 163 - 184 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] aménagement du territoire [Termes descripteurs IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modélisation spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] réseau de transport [Termes descripteurs IGN] transport intermodal [Termes descripteurs IGN] transport public [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (auteur) This article presents an integrated land use and transport modeling application to analyze effects of a regional plan for Transit Oriented Development, using Tranus simulation software. Part of the results shows the existence of a system of mutual interdependence in transport modal share evolution. This interaction firstly results in the activation of a substitution effect in the distribution of transport demand between private car and public transport, and then in a process corresponding to the principle of communicating vessels. This phenomenon indicates the presence of a permanent state of tension in modal share, depending on some particular factors (segment of demand; temporal and territorial context; structure of transport network) and generally tending to a temporary equilibrium. Results invite therefore to observe how policies that promote and encourage the use of public transport may have, in some particular contexts, controversial effects and sometimes contrary to expectations, especially in the long term. Numéro de notice : A2016-472 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article En ligne : http://rig.revuesonline.com/en/articles/lvrig/pdf/2016/02/lvrig262p163.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81482 [article]

A domain specific language for spatial simulation scenarios / Luís Moreira de Sousa in Geoinformatica [en ligne], vol 20 n° 1 (January - March 2016)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica [en ligne] > vol 20 n° 1 (January - March 2016) . - pp 117 - 149 Titre : A domain specific language for spatial simulation scenarios Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Luís Moreira de Sousa, Auteur ; Alberto Rodrigues da Silva, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 117 - 149 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] architecture orientée modèle [Termes descripteurs IGN] Eclipse (informatique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] langage de modélisation [Termes descripteurs IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] simulation spatiale [Termes descripteurs IGN] UML Résumé : (auteur) This article describes DSL3S, a domain specific modelling language for Spatial Simulation in the field of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Techniques such as cellular automata and agent-based modelling have long been used to capture and simulate the temporal dynamics of spatial information. Tools commonly employed to implement spatial simulation models include code libraries and pre-compiled models; the former require advanced programming skills while the latter impose relevant constraints on application scope. Previous attempts to produce domain specific languages in the field have invariably resulted in new textual programming languages (e.g. SELES, NetLogo, Ocelet) that are platform specific and in some cases with weak GIS support and interoperability. DSL3S synthesises relevant concepts of spatial simulation in a UML profile, that allows the design of simulation models through the arrangement of graphical elements. An implementation of this language is also presented, that relies on Model Driven Development (MDD) tools distributed with the Eclipse IDE. This includes a code generation infrastructure, that produces ready to run simulations from DSL3S models, supported by the MASON simulation tool-kit. Finally, DSL3S models for three simple and classical simulations allows to better illustrate and discuss the usage of the language. Numéro de notice : A2016-367 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1007/s10707-015-0233-y Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81130 [article]

Comparison of 2D and 3D computer models for the M. Salta rock fall, Vajont Valley, northern Italy / F. Tagliavini in Geoinformatica, vol 13 n° 3 (September 2009)

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 13 n° 3 (September 2009) . - pp 323 - 337 Titre : Comparison of 2D and 3D computer models for the M. Salta rock fall, Vajont Valley, northern Italy Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : F. Tagliavini, Auteur ; F. Guzzeti, Auteur ; P. Reichenbach, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 323 - 337 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse comparative [Termes descripteurs IGN] effondrement de terrain [Termes descripteurs IGN] Italie [Termes descripteurs IGN] logiciel de simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] modélisation 2D [Termes descripteurs IGN] modélisation 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] montagne [Termes descripteurs IGN] risque naturel [Termes descripteurs IGN] simulation [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (Auteur) A rock fall occurs when a fragment of rock is detached from a cliff and travels down-slope at high speed. Rock falls are a constant hazard in mountainous regions and pose a significant threat to the population. In this paper, a comparison of software designed to model rock falls is presented. The computer codes selected for the experiment are STONE and RocFall®. STONE is a research code for the 3-dimensional simulation of rock falls. RocFall® is commercial software widely used for the 2-dimensional simulation of rock falls along user defined topographic profiles. The two computer programs require similar input and provide comparable outputs, allowing for a quantitative evaluation of their modelling results. To compare the software, the Monte Salta rock fall, in northern Italy, was selected. Specific tests were designed to compare the ability of the software to predict the maximum travel distance of the falling boulders, and the distance from the ground of the computed rock fall trajectories. Results indicate that the two rock fall modelling codes provide similar—but not identical—results. In general, STONE computes higher and longer rock fall trajectories than RocFall®, and allows identifying a larger area as potentially affected by falling boulders. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2009-255 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29885 [article]

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