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Measuring the influence of map label density on perceived complexity: a user study using eye tracking / Liao Hua in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 46 n° 3 (May 2019)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 46 n° 3 (May 2019) . - pp 210 - 227 Titre : Measuring the influence of map label density on perceived complexity: a user study using eye tracking Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Liao Hua, Auteur ; Wang Xueyuan, Auteur ; Weihua Dong, Auteur ; Liqiu Meng, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 210 - 227 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] complexité de la carte [Termes descripteurs IGN] densité d'information [Termes descripteurs IGN] oculométrie [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartologie Résumé : (Auteur) We combine eye tracking and a questionnaire-based approach to explore the influence of label density on the perceived visual complexity of maps. We design two experiments in which participants are asked to search for the names of point features on maps and to rate the map complexity and legibility for different label densities. Specifically, we conduct a highly controlled experiment in which all the map variables except the label density are held constant (the controlled experiment). Then, we conduct a second experiment following the same protocol but using real maps as visual stimuli (the real-map experiment) to verify if the results of the controlled experiment were applicable to real maps. The results of both experiments indicate a significantly positive correlation between perceived visual complexity and label density and between the response time in visual search tasks and label density. Surprisingly, we observe a significant inverse correlation between the label density and two eye movement parameters (fixation duration and fixation frequency) between the two experiments. We discuss how the variables of real maps might have affected these eye movement parameters and why the results of the two experiments are inconsistent. Our findings suggest that eye tracking parameters are not reliable indicators of map complexity. These empirical results can be helpful to future map design and map complexity investigation. Numéro de notice : A2019-092 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2018.1434016 date de publication en ligne : 12/02/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2018.1434016 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92337 [article]

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Inferring user tasks in pedestrian navigation from eye movement data in real-world environments / Hua Liao in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, Vol 33 n° 3-4 (March - April 2019)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > Vol 33 n° 3-4 (March - April 2019) . - pp 739 - 763 Titre : Inferring user tasks in pedestrian navigation from eye movement data in real-world environments Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hua Liao, Auteur ; Weihua Dong, Auteur ; Haosheng Huang, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 739 - 763 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] calcul d'itinéraire [Termes descripteurs IGN] classification par forêts aléatoires [Termes descripteurs IGN] inférence [Termes descripteurs IGN] navigation pédestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] oculométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation cognitive [Vedettes matières IGN] Géovisualisation Résumé : (Auteur) Eye movement data convey a wealth of information that can be used to probe human behaviour and cognitive processes. To date, eye tracking studies have mainly focused on laboratory-based evaluations of cartographic interfaces; in contrast, little attention has been paid to eye movement data mining for real-world applications. In this study, we propose using machine-learning methods to infer user tasks from eye movement data in real-world pedestrian navigation scenarios. We conducted a real-world pedestrian navigation experiment in which we recorded eye movement data from 38 participants. We trained and cross-validated a random forest classifier for classifying five common navigation tasks using five types of eye movement features. The results show that the classifier can achieve an overall accuracy of 67%. We found that statistical eye movement features and saccade encoding features are more useful than the other investigated types of features for distinguishing user tasks. We also identified that the choice of classifier, the time window size and the eye movement features considered are all important factors that influence task inference performance. Results of the research open doors to some potential real-world innovative applications, such as navigation systems that can provide task-related information depending on the task a user is performing. Numéro de notice : A2019-214 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2018.1482554 date de publication en ligne : 26/06/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2018.1482554 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92686 [article]

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Cartographic design and the space–time cube / Irma Kveladze in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 56 n° 1 (February 2019)  

Public [article]  inCartographic journal (the) > Vol 56 n° 1 (February 2019) . - pp 73 - 90 Titre : Cartographic design and the space–time cube Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Irma Kveladze, Auteur ; Menno-Jan Kraak, Auteur ; Corné P.J.M. Van Elzakker, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 73 - 90 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] convivialité [Termes descripteurs IGN] couleur (rédaction cartographique) [Termes descripteurs IGN] cube espace-temps [Termes descripteurs IGN] estompage en fonction de l'éloignement [Termes descripteurs IGN] information complexe [Termes descripteurs IGN] oculométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] taille (variable visuelle) [Termes descripteurs IGN] variable visuelle [Vedettes matières IGN] Géovisualisation Résumé : (Auteur) This paper reports on the results of an empirical evaluation that aimed to define the effectiveness and efficiency of different visual variables in depicting the Space–Time Cube’s (STC) content. Existing STC applications demonstrate that the most used visual variables are size and colour hue. Less is known, however, about their usability metrics. The research sets design criteria for STC contents, such as space–time paths, based on the cartographic design theory. The visual variables colour hue, colour value, colour saturation, size and orientation have been applied in two different use case studies. Besides, to support the three-dimensional visual environment, depth cues such as shading and transparency were considered too. User tests have been executed based on real-world problems with particular attention for the visualization strategy and data complexity. The outcomes revealed the most efficient and effective visual variables to represent data of various complexities in the STC. Numéro de notice : A2019-449 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/00087041.2018.1495898 date de publication en ligne : 13/12/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/00087041.2018.1495898 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92796 [article]

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Using eye tracking to explore differences in map-based spatial ability between geographers and non-geographers / Weihua Dong in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 9 (September 2018)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 7 n° 9 (September 2018) Titre : Using eye tracking to explore differences in map-based spatial ability between geographers and non-geographers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Weihua Dong, Auteur ; Liangyu Zheng, Auteur ; Bing Liu, Auteur ; Liqiu Meng, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte topographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] géolocalisation [Termes descripteurs IGN] oculométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] orientation [Termes descripteurs IGN] visualisation cartographique [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartologie Résumé : (Auteur) In this article, we use eye-tracking methods to analyze the differences in spatial ability between geographers and non-geographers regarding topographic maps, as reflected in the following three aspects: map-based spatial localization, map-based spatial orientation, and map-based spatial visualization. We recruited 32 students from Beijing Normal University (BNU) and divided them into groups of geographers and non-geographers based on their major. In terms of their spatial localization ability, geographers had shorter response times, higher fixation frequencies, and fewer saccades than non-geographers, and the differences were significant. For their spatial orientation ability, compared to non-geographers, geographers had significantly lower response times, lower fixation counts and fewer saccades as well as significantly higher fixation frequencies. In terms of their spatial visualization ability, geographers’ response times were significantly shorter than those of non-geographers, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of fixation count, fixation frequency or saccade count. We also found that compared to geographers, non-geographers usually spent more time completing these tasks. The results of this study are helpful in improving the map-based spatial ability of users of topographic maps. Numéro de notice : A2018-354 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi7090337 date de publication en ligne : 22/08/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7090337 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90588 [article]

Star and polyline glyphs in a grid plot and on a map display: which perform better? / Tomasz Opach in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol 45 n° 5 (August 2018)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > Vol 45 n° 5 (August 2018) . - pp 400 - 419 Titre : Star and polyline glyphs in a grid plot and on a map display: which perform better? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tomasz Opach, Auteur ; Stanislav Popelka, Auteur ; Jitka Dolezalova, Auteur ; Jan Ketil Rød, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 400 - 419 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] oculométrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] symbole graphique [Termes descripteurs IGN] utilisateur [Termes descripteurs IGN] variable visuelle Résumé : (Auteur) Glyphs are small geometric shapes that in geovisualization are often used to represent multidimensional spatial data. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of their two types – star and polyline glyphs, as they can encode the same message and can provide similar functionality. Thus, if the two glyph types are similar and can be used for the same data, the question arises as to which of them better facilitates various user tasks. To address this question, an empirical study of 26 individual users is conducted to investigate differences in user performance for polyline and star glyphs shown either in a grid plot or on a map display. In this study, a task-based approach with eye-tracking is applied, as well as a subjective questionnaire and a psychological test of cognitive style. The finding is that polyline glyphs better facilitate tasks when datapoint values in glyphs are to be read, whereas star glyphs are better when a visual search among glyphs is to be done. Moreover, the results reveal that the map display works better than the grid plot. If star glyphs are to be used, the key (legend) needs to be better incorporated into a visual interface. Numéro de notice : A2018-510 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2017.1364169 date de publication en ligne : 29/08/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2017.1364169 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90334 [article]

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Feasibility of the space-time cube in temporal cultural landscape visualization / Edyta P. Bogucka in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 6 (June 2018)  

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Evaluation of the cartographical quality of urban plans by eye-tracking / Jaroslav Burian in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 5 (May 2018)  

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An empirical evaluation of three elevation change symbolization methods along routes in bicycle maps / Annina Brügger in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol 44 n° 5 (September 2017)  

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Comparative eye-tracking evaluation of scatterplots and parallel coordinates / Rudolf Netzel in Visual Informatics, vol 1 n° 2 (June 2017)  

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For your eyes only? Evaluating a coordinated and multiple views tool with a map, a parallel coordinated plot and a table using an eye-tracking approach / Izabela Golebiowska in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 31 n° 1-2 (January - February 2017)  

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Usability evaluation of centered time cartograms / Rehmat Ullah in Open geosciences, vol 8 n° 1 (January - July 2016)  

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Assessing the effectiveness and efficiency of map colour for colour impairments using an eye-tracking approach / Weihua Dong in Cartographic journal (the), Vol 53 n° 2 (May 2016)  

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How do display design and user characteristics matter in animations? An empirical study with air traffic control displays / Sara Maggi in Cartographica, vol 51 n° 1 (Spring 2016)

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Quel rôle jouent les principes visuels et les caractéristiques de l'utilisateur dans la visualisation dynamique d'information ? / Sara Maggi in Cartes & Géomatique, n° 226 (décembre 2015) 

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Discriminating classes of sequential and qualitative colour schemes / Alžběta Brychtová in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

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