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Titre : Artificial intelligence for a better future : An Ecosystem Perspective on the Ethics of AI and Emerging Digital Technologies Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : Bernd Carsten Stahl, Auteur Editeur : Manchester [Royaume-Uni] : Manchester University Press Année de publication : 2021 Collection : European Research Council Importance : 128 p. Format : 16 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-030-69978-9 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Intelligence artificielle
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] bien-être collectif
[Termes IGN] droit
[Termes IGN] édition en libre accès
[Termes IGN] éthique
[Termes IGN] règleRésumé : (éditeur) This open access book proposes a novel approach to Artificial Intelligence (AI) ethics. AI offers many advantages: better and faster medical diagnoses, improved business processes and efficiency, and the automation of boring work. But undesirable and ethically problematic consequences are possible too: biases and discrimination, breaches of privacy and security, and societal distortions such as unemployment, economic exploitation and weakened democratic processes. There is even a prospect, ultimately, of super-intelligent machines replacing humans. The key question, then, is: how can we benefit from AI while addressing its ethical problems? This book presents an innovative answer to the question by presenting a different perspective on AI and its ethical consequences. Instead of looking at individual AI techniques, applications or ethical issues, we can understand AI as a system of ecosystems, consisting of numerous interdependent technologies, applications and stakeholders. Developing this idea, the book explores how AI ecosystems can be shaped to foster human flourishing. Drawing on rich empirical insights and detailed conceptual analysis, it suggests practical measures to ensure that AI is used to make the world a better place. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Perspectives on artificial intelligence
2- Concepts of ethics and their application to AI
3- Ethical issues of AI
4- Addressing ethical issues in AI
5- AI ecosystems for human flourishing: The background
6- AI ecosystems for human flourishing: The recommendations
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 28321 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE Nature : Monographie DOI : 10.1007/978-3-030-69978-9 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69978-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98275 GNSS & the Law: GLONASS and PNT in Russia / Alexey Bolkunov in Inside GNSS, vol 11 n° 2 (March - April 2016)
Titre : GNSS & the Law: GLONASS and PNT in Russia Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alexey Bolkunov, Auteur ; Ingo Bauman, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 48 - 53 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] droit
[Termes IGN] Global Orbitography Navigation Satellite System
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GLONASS
[Termes IGN] règleRésumé : (éditeur) The Russian Federation has a large body of laws, rules, and regulations dealing with positioning, navigation, and timing in general and GLONASS in particular. This column provides an overview of the associated Russian legal environment, authored by a leader of PNT regulatory framework development at the Roscosmos Central Scientific Research Institute of Machine Building. Numéro de notice : A2016-263 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80788
in Inside GNSS > vol 11 n° 2 (March - April 2016) . - pp 48 - 53[article]Documents numériques
en open access
GNSS & the Law : GLONASSAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Spacing and alignment rules for effective legend design Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Zhilin Li, Auteur ; Zhe Qin, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 348 - 362 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique
[Termes IGN] alignement
[Termes IGN] légende cartographique
[Termes IGN] règleRésumé : (auteur) Legends are important for understanding maps. Legend design is a part of map design and forms an important topic of cartographic research. Most research on legend design concentrates on the development of techniques rather than the development of basic principles. This study is devoted to the latter topic. Particularly, attention is paid to the development of spacing and alignment rules for effective design of legends shown on screens (computer monitors and tablet screens). Based upon Gestalt laws and Bumstead’s rules, a set of spacing and alignment rules is developed. Experimental evaluations are conducted, and the results indicate that a legend designed with proper consideration of the spacing and alignment rules is much more effective and efficient than ordinary legends. Numéro de notice : A2014-430 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2014.933085 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2014.933085 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73967
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 41 n° 4 (September 2014) . - pp 348 - 362[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 032-2014041 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible
contenu dans Proceedings of the 26th International Cartographic Conference, ICC '13 [ICC 2013] / Manfred F. Buchroithner (2013)
Titre : Identification of styles in topographic maps Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jérémie Ory Editeur : International Cartographic Association ICA - Association cartographique internationale ACI Année de publication : August 2013 Conférence : ICC 2013, 26th International Cartographic Conference ICA 25/08/2013 30/08/2013 Dresde Allemagne OA proceedings Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] cadre conceptuel
[Termes IGN] caractérisation
[Termes IGN] carte topographique
[Termes IGN] identification automatique
[Termes IGN] règle
[Termes IGN] style cartographique
[Vedettes matières IGN] CartologieRésumé : (auteur) The notion of cartographic style is identified as an essential element of map design in the cartographic literature, but is has not been systematically studied. (Kent & Vujakovic 2009) characterize style as “appearance and content”, dependent of the geographic space represented in the map. On the one hand, (Beconyte 2011) emphasizes the complexity to formally define the structure of the employed style, but on the other hand she also argues that “the concept of style is applicable to every type of maps” (p. 1). Both authors suggest that it is possible to distinguish different map styles, according to a set of quantifiable parameters or systematic criteria. (Christophe 2012) presents some potential approaches such as, visual categorization, map specification, and artistic design style characterization to systematically capture the notion of style. We contend that a specific map design method may produce cartographic results with typical visual characteristics that can be identified as a cartographic style. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach to formalize cartographic styles, to be able to identify and to automatically design maps based on a chosen cartographic style. We contend that a specified style may be applicable to any type of geographic data, and is thus able to create data independent so called stylized maps. Furthermore, we assume that the consistent application of stylistic rules may significantly improve the graphic quality of the resulting map, dependent also on users’ needs. We propose to formalize and implement stylistic rules with and for existing cartographic design tools. Our challenge consists in proposing a comprehensive design framework, taking also into account data preprocessing (ie, selection, generalization, etc.), the visual variables, legend design, and the geographic features to be mapped. Data-dependent styles, thus dependent on the displayed geographic features, may also be useful for style formalization. We aim at systematically specify and visually characterize topographic maps at the same scale (i.e., 1:25000), according to cartographic pre-processing, map legend design, and mapped feature types, but from two different mapping agencies, both with a long-standing mapping tradition (i.e., IGN France, and Swisstopo). We chose topographic maps for our research, because they are aimed at effectively depicting territorial complexity. The IGN and Swisstopo maps also illustrate different cartographic practices and resulting styles. This allows us to specifically evaluate the graphic composition of a topographic style and the resulting visual impact it may have on users’ map perception and cognition. We are currently also considering thematic maps, such as subway maps and ski trails maps, in order to obtain a broader understanding of cartographic styles. With this work, we hope to extract operational design knowledge such as, relevant criteria and parameters, to be able to design stylized maps, considering different cartographic practices for varying geographic areas. Numéro de notice : C2013-033 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG COGIT+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : http://icaci.org/files/documents/ICC_proceedings/ICC2013/_extendedAbstract/274_p [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80161 Documents numériques
en open access
Identification of stylesAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Transaction rules for updating surfaces in 3D GIS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : G. Groger, Auteur ; L. Plumer, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp 134 - 145 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] cohérence des données
[Termes IGN] contrainte d'intégrité
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface
[Termes IGN] programmation par contraintes
[Termes IGN] règle
[Termes IGN] SIG 3DRésumé : (Auteur) Three-dimensional surface models representing the terrain and the outer hull of objects such as buildings and bridges support important 3D GIS applications, for example telecommunication planning and noise emission simulation. Updates of surface models often introduce errors which violate basic assumptions of users and their applications. The notion of geometric-topological consistency covers many of these assumptions. It guarantees that objects do not penetrate mutually or that objects completely cover other objects. Assuring that updates do not violate geometric-topological consistency constitutes a major challenge for 3D GIS which has not been satisfactorily met so far. This article presents a solution which is based on efficient transaction rules for updating 3D surface models. We show that these rules are safe (consistency is preserved by any rule application) and complete (any consistent surface model can be generated by successive rule applications). For both properties rigorous mathematic proofs are given. Numéro de notice : A2012-197 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.03.004 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.03.004 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31644
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 69 (April 2012) . - pp 134 - 145[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 081-2012031 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Disponible PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkCompte rendu des opérations de la commission instituée par M. Le Ministre de la Guerre, pour étalonner les règles qui ont été employées en 1850, 1851, 1852 et 1853, par MM. les officiers d'état-major de la section géodésique du Dépôt de la guerre, à la mesure des bases géodésiques belges / Commission (1855)
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