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Quality control and new data-quality measures for the aesthetics of a Croatian topographic map at the scale of 1:25,000 / Branko Puceković in International journal of cartography, vol 3 n° 2 (December 2017)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 3 n° 2 (December 2017) . - pp 187 - 200 Titre : Quality control and new data-quality measures for the aesthetics of a Croatian topographic map at the scale of 1:25,000 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Branko Puceković, Auteur ; Miljenko Lapaine, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 187 - 200 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes descripteurs IGN] 1:25.000 [Termes descripteurs IGN] carte topographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] contrôle qualité [Termes descripteurs IGN] Croatie [Termes descripteurs IGN] esthétique cartographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] mesure de la qualité [Termes descripteurs IGN] représentation du relief [Termes descripteurs IGN] rocher [Termes descripteurs IGN] style cartographique [Vedettes matières IGN] Géovisualisation Résumé : (auteur) A brief overview is given of the quality control of a 1:25,000 scale topographic map, carried out by the Croatian Geodetic Institute (CGI). As the topic of the aesthetics of the topographic map has, in the authors’ opinion, not been extensively covered, the paper concentrates on this topic. The paper focuses on devising an aesthetic standard relating mainly to the representation of relief. In fact, aesthetics can be controlled indirectly in terms of relief and water course alignment, the smoothness of contour lines, the non-existence of bonded contour lines and rock representation justification. A comparison between quality control at the CGI and quality elements according to contemporary standards was carried out. The presence of data-quality elements was registered in accordance with the ISO guidelines. A proposal for several data-quality measures for aesthetics related to relief representation is also given. Numéro de notice : A2017-685 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2016.1278191 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2016.1252477 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87349 [article]

Monitoring rock glaciers by combining photogrammetric and GNSS-based methods / Fabian Neyer (2017)  

Public Titre : Monitoring rock glaciers by combining photogrammetric and GNSS-based methods Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Fabian Neyer, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse Année de publication : 2017 Autre Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Collection : Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 99 Importance : 174 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-908440-45-1 Note générale : bibliographie thesis submitted to attain the degree of doctor of sciences of ETH Zurich Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques [Termes descripteurs IGN] Alpes centrales [Termes descripteurs IGN] champ de vitesse [Termes descripteurs IGN] collocation par moindres carrés [Termes descripteurs IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] glacier [Termes descripteurs IGN] image terrestre [Termes descripteurs IGN] matrice de covariance [Termes descripteurs IGN] pergélisol [Termes descripteurs IGN] reconstruction 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] rocher [Termes descripteurs IGN] série temporelle [Termes descripteurs IGN] Suisse Index. décimale : 33.60 Applications photogrammétriques - usage combiné de la photogrammétrie et de la lasergrammétrie Résumé : (auteur) Rock glaciers are creeping landforms of perennially frozen ground and belong to the permafrost creeping phenomena. They are mainly composed of rock debris that accumulate in areas of high natural erosion. Ice particles between the rocks cause the moving accumulation in steep terrain to dynamically flow downslope. In the Alpine region, these morphological landforms mainly occur at north-facing mountain slopes in high altitudes above the forest boundary and are known for their sensitivity to climate change. For several decades, rock glaciers have been monitored for scientific aims, while advances in surveying technologies increased the interest in such studies since the 1990s. Modern technologies in remote sensing (e.g., airborne imagery or satellite-based measurement techniques) are often combined with measurements from field campaigns, i.e., measurements taken directly on a rock glacier (e.g., GNSS, laser-scanning, ground temperature measurements, etc). The high-level goal is to enhance the process understanding, especially with respect to the changing climate: various studies indicate an extended risk of slope failures in steep frozen bedrock due to the global temperature increase. Early recognition of increased activities help to inform local authorities in the endangered areas about the potential hazard before such an event. The present work is part of the X-Sense project (Nano-Tera.ch), with an interdisciplinary team of scientists that build and operate new low-cost devices for data acquisition, develop new data processing pipelines and algorithms for evaluation, and also gain new insight of natural processes in these regions. Autonomous measurement systems, developed within other work packages in the X-Sense project, observe different permafrost creep areas with high resolution in space and time. Combined with multi-year observations, the derived surface motions are used to obtain an improved process understanding. This work focuses on the photogrammetric image processing in order to retrieve precise surface displacement estimates. More precisely, image sequences, acquired with two permanently installed commercial digital single-reflex cameras, are used to measure topographic changes in the observed permafrost area. By the combination with high resolution GNSS positioning results, the goal is to obtain precise time series of moving rock boulders at different positions within the field of view. Challenges arising from the combination of different data sets, the development of an automatic processing pipeline, and an improvement of the processing strategy in general, are the main tasks of this thesis. The study site is the bordering area above the Grabengufer rock glacier (Mattervalley VS, Switzerland), known as the Grabengufer rock slide. Local topographic conditions allowed only a partially good installation geometry for the photogrammetric reconstruction. With respect to a 3D reconstruction without the use of GNSS coordinates, an accuracy increase of about one order of magnitude could be achieved in case these high-precision solutions were integrated. More specifically, respective standard deviations for the East, North, and Height components of 6, 5, and 2 cm were achieved. The stated accuracy, maintained throughout the measurement period of nearly four years (summer months), was obtained in an area of approximately 80m×80 m, with a mean distance of 80 m from the two cameras. Position time series of moving rock boulders were filtered using the principles of collocation. Analyzing the correlation characteristics of the stochastic signal, an optimal correlation length was computed and used to extract relevant signals from the noise contaminated time series. Velocity was directly estimated as a derived quantity in the collocation process. Furthermore, the techniques of the adaptive collocation approach is presented. This iterative method uses the principles of a dynamically adjusting anisotropic covariance metric. In an example of 2-dimensional velocity fields it is shown that regional compression and extension areas can be extracted. Results indicate that the observed permafrost area has experienced a mean annual acceleration of about 0.1m/Year between the years 2013 and 2015. During the late summer months of 2015, a prominent temporal acceleration was observed. The mean displacement rate was found to be 0.67m/year, whereas the 3-dimensional displacement is dominated by a translation following the gliding surface. An area in the front of the observed field of view was found to have higher displacement rates, especially during the late summer months, thus it detaches from the otherwise relatively homogeneous flow field. The methods and principles presented in this work show the potential of monitoring permafrost surface displacements using permanently installed optical cameras in combination with positioning results from permanently mounted GNSS stations. These principles can easily be transfered to other monitoring applications and thus contribute to a better understanding of such processes. Note de contenu : 1 Introduction 2 Study Site 3 Image-Based Displacement Estimation 4 Object Point Reconstruction 5 Collocation for Time Series Analysis 6 Results 7 Conclusions 8 Outlook Numéro de notice : 17458 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : thèse : Sciences : ETHZ : 2016 DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-010865360 En ligne : https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-99.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89683

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Design principles for Swiss-style rock drawing / Bernhard Jenny in Cartographic journal (the), vol 51 n° 4 (November 2014)

Public [article]  inCartographic journal (the) > vol 51 n° 4 (November 2014) . - pp 360-371 Titre : Design principles for Swiss-style rock drawing Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bernhard Jenny, Auteur ; Jürg Gilgen, Auteur ; Roman Geisthövel, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 360-371 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] dessin assisté par ordinateur [Termes descripteurs IGN] dessin automatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] dessin cartographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] hachure [Termes descripteurs IGN] rocher [Termes descripteurs IGN] spécification [Termes descripteurs IGN] style cartographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Swisstopo Résumé : (Auteur) Swiss-style rock drawing uses shaded hachures to show the characteristic forms and the third dimension of rocks and cliffs. Rock faces, trenches, gullies, faults and other rock features relevant for orientation and navigation in mountainous areas are shown as seen from the ground instead of from an orthogonal perspective. The density and dimensions of hachures change with the exposure to a source of illumination to generate a shading effect that highlights the terrain’s three-dimensionality. The generation of rock drawings in Swiss style is time-intensive and requires an eye for the artistic rendering of the terrain’s third dimension as well as an understanding of different rock types and their morphology. Design principles have not yet been documented in a detailed and comprehensive manner and only rudimentary algorithms exist for the digital generation of simplified representations. This paper discusses the defining characteristics and specific design principles of Swiss-style rock drawing based on figures and unpublished documentation from the Swiss Federal Office of Topography swisstopo. We identify three main types of hachure-based rock drawing and discuss graphical elements for the most common type. We also discuss the combination of rock drawings with contour lines, their generalisation and the drawing process. Numéro de notice : A2014-645 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75091 [article]

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Managing coppice forests for rockfall protection: lessons from modeling / Anna Radkte in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 4 (June 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 4 (June 2014) . - pp 485 - 494 Titre : Managing coppice forests for rockfall protection: lessons from modeling Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anna Radkte, Auteur ; David Toe, Auteur ; Frédéric Berger, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 485 - 494 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes descripteurs IGN] Autriche [Termes descripteurs IGN] effondrement de terrain [Termes descripteurs IGN] forêt [Termes descripteurs IGN] gestion des ressources [Termes descripteurs IGN] Italie [Termes descripteurs IGN] protection de l'environnement [Termes descripteurs IGN] rocher [Termes descripteurs IGN] taillis Résumé : (Auteur) • Context: One eighth of Europe’s forests are still managed as coppice. In some European countries, more than half of the forest exhibits coppice structures from the past or present coppice management. Many of these forests grow in the broadleaf zone of mountainous regions, often on steep slopes. Here, they play an important role in rockfall protection. However, it remains unclear how coppice forests should be structured for optimal rockfall protection or how the protection effect changes during the aging of the coppice. • Aim: A few studies have applied rock trajectory analyses, but so far, no process-based model has been used to quantify the protective effect of differently structured coppice forests. The present study compared 40 coppice patches from two chronosequences in South Tyrol, North Italy, regarding their protective effect against rocks of two sizes using the rockfall simulation model Rockyfor3D. • Results: The results indicate that coppice stands older than 30 years better protect against rockfall than medium-aged and young stands, although the old ones have lower stem densities. Surprisingly, a random stem distribution had a better protective effect than the clumped stem distribution typical for coppice stands. • Conclusion: Implications for future management are discussed in detail, including the relevance of standards in coppice forests. Numéro de notice : A2014-285 Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0339-z date de publication en ligne : 30/10/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0339-z Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33188 [article]

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Terrestrial laser scanning for delineating in-stream boulders and quantifying habitat complexity measures / J. Resop in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 78 n° 4 (April 2012)  

Public [article]  inPhotogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS > vol 78 n° 4 (April 2012) . - pp 363 - 371 Titre : Terrestrial laser scanning for delineating in-stream boulders and quantifying habitat complexity measures Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J. Resop, Auteur ; J. Kozarek, Auteur ; W. Hession, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp 363 - 371 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes descripteurs IGN] analyse comparative [Termes descripteurs IGN] données lidar [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes descripteurs IGN] habitat animal [Termes descripteurs IGN] rivière [Termes descripteurs IGN] rocher [Termes descripteurs IGN] tachéomètre électronique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Virginie (Etats-Unis) Résumé : (Auteur) Accurate stream topography measurement is important for many ecological applications such as hydraulic modeling and habitat characterization. Habitat complexity measures are often made using visual approximations or total station (TS) surveying that can be subjective and have limited spatial resolution. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can measure topography at a high resolution and accuracy. Two methods, TS surveying and TLS, were compared for measuring complex topography in a boulder-dominated 100 m forested reach of the Staunton River in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. The mean absolute difference between the two datasets was 0.11 m with 82.3 percent of the TS data within _0.1 m of TLS. The TLS dataset was processed to remove vegetation and create a 2 cm digital elevation model (DEM). An algorithm was developed for delineating rocks within the stream channel from the DEM. A common ecological metric based on the structural complexity of the stream, percent in-stream rock cover, was calculated from the TLS dataset, and the results were compared to estimates from traditional methods. This application illustrates the potential of TLS to quantify habitat complexity measures in an automated, unbiased manner. Numéro de notice : A2012-179 Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.14358/PERS.78.4.363 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.78.4.363 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=31626 [article]

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Extraction automatique des discontinuités planes à partir d'une scannérisation laser 3D en milieu rocheux / S. Hajri in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 192 (Septembre 2010)

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Terrestrial laser scanning and exploratory spatial data analysis for the mapping of weathering forms on rock art panels / B. Vogt in Geocarto international, vol 25 n° 5 (August 2010)  

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A photogrammetric surveying method for field applications / D. Rieke-Zapp in Photogrammetric record, vol 24 n° 125 (March - May 2009)

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A new approach for mountain areas cartography / Loïc Gondol (01/12/2008) 

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Cartographie des zones de haute montagne : essais de cartographie numérique des rochers / Loïc Gondol in Le monde des cartes, n° 193 (septembre - novembre 2007)

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A hemispherical-directional reflectance model as a tool for understanding image distinctions between cultivated and uncultivated bare surfaces / J. Cierniewski in Remote sensing of environment, vol 90 n° 4 (30/04/2004)

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Digital cliff drawing for topographic maps: traditional representations by means of new technologies / Lorenz Hurni in Cartographica, vol 38 n° 1 - 2 (March 2001)

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The representation of topographic information on maps: the coastal environment / David Forrest in Cartographic journal (the), vol 34 n° 2 (December 1997)

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Histoire de la cartographie des montagnes / G. Alinhac in Bulletin d'information de l'Institut géographique national, n° 48 (juillet 1983)

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Cartographic relief presentation / Eduard Imhof (1982)

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